Sentences with phrase «as hazard ratios»

Presenting results as hazard ratios or relative risks always makes effects look large — «a 30 per cent heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes» sounds like a big effect but based on figure 2 it looks like statins may be associated with an increase in the annual rate of new diabetes from about 6 per 100 people to approximately 8 per 100 people over a 10 year period.

We extracted survival outcomes as hazard ratios with 95 % confidence intervals.

Primary outcome comparisons are presented as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) from Cox proportional hazards analyses, 17 stratified by clinical center, age, prior disease, and randomization status in the low - fat diet trial.

Not exact matches

Point estimates of population parameters (e.g., mean, correlation coefficient, slope) or comparative measures (e.g., mean difference, odds ratio, hazard ratio) should be accompanied by a measure of uncertainty such as a standard error or a confidence interval.

Of particular importance, an intake of 3 to 4 servings per day (equivalent to 375 - 500 grams per day) was just as beneficial on total mortality as higher amounts (hazard ratio [HR] of 0 · 78; 95 % CI 0 · 69 to 0 · 88).

To illustrate potential mutation - specific effects on absolute cancer risks, we used the hazard ratio estimates to derive approximate absolute risks and 95 % confidence intervals, based on published estimates for the overall risks of breast and ovarian cancer by age 70 years.26 These estimates are for illustration and do not represent absolute risk estimates that would be required in a genetic counseling setting, as they do not account for noncancer outcomes that may influence a woman's life expectancy, the effects of family history, and nonrandom ascertainment of mutation carriers in this sample and depend on assumptions about the prevalence of different mutation classes in the population.

Results: As favorable prognostic factors for OS, multivariate analysis detected Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) 0 - 1 (hazard ratio (HR) 3.43, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 2.12 - 5.53; P < 0.01), LMR ≥ 1.97 (HR 0.39, 95 % CI: 0.21 - 0.72; P < 0.01) and mGPS 0 - 1 (HR 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.20 - 3.16; P < 0.01).

Hazard ratios were rarely reported directly, so we had to use the ratio of the observed median duration of symptoms in each group as an approximation to the hazard Hazard ratios were rarely reported directly, so we had to use the ratio of the observed median duration of symptoms in each group as an approximation to the hazard hazard ratio.

The hazard ratio (HR) can be interpreted as the risk ratio.

Hazard ratios for death from any cause as function of serum cholesterol in cohort that received diets for one year or more (n = 2355) *

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Prospective cohort studies with at least 50 events, reporting hazard ratios or relative risks (both hereafter referred to as relative risk) compared with never smokers or age specific incidence in relation to risk of coronary heart disease or stroke.

Women in the highest GI tertile had a 2.9-fold increased risk of inflammatory death compared with women in the lowest GI tertile [multivariate hazard ratio in energy - adjusted tertile 3 (tertile 1 as reference): 2.89; 95 % CI: 1.52, 5.51; P for trend: 0.0006, adjusted for age, smoking, diabetes, and alcohol and fiber consumption].

The unadjusted hazard ratios were 0.70 (95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 0.91) for a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil and 0.70 (95 % CI, 0.53 to 0.94) for a Mediterranean diet with nuts (Figure 1) as compared with the control diet (P = 0.015, by the likelihood ratio test, for the overall effect of the intervention).

Hazard ratios and 95 % confidence intervals for mortality associated with coffee consumption were estimated with the use of Cox proportional - hazards regression models, with person - years as the underlying time metric; results calculated with age as the underlying time metric were similar.

Hazard ratios for death associated with categories of coffee consumption (< 1, 1, 2 or 3, 4 or 5, and ≥ 6 cups per day), as compared with no coffee consumption, were estimated from a single model.

We used time - varying Cox proportional hazards regression models with age as the time scale to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % CI for mortality associated with animal and plant protein intake.

We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) with time since entry into the study as the underlying time metric using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Subjects receiving DBT were half as likely to make a suicide attempt (hazard ratio, 2.66; P =.005), required less hospitalization for suicide ideation (F1, 92 = 7.3; P =.004), and had lower medical risk (F1, 50 = 3.2; P =.04) across all suicide attempts and self - injurious acts combined.