Sentences with phrase «as human aerosol»

So Nielsen - Gammon is correct to note that some of the slowed surface temperature warming over the past decade can be attributed to La Niña, although there have been other influences at play as well, such as human aerosol emissions.

Not exact matches

Now, research suggests that for the past decade, such stratospheric aerosols — injected into the atmosphere by either recent volcanic eruptions or human activities such as coal burning — are slowing down global warming.

Another source of uncertainty comes from the direct effect of aerosols from human origins: How much do they reflect and absorb sunlight directly as particles?

Each model had run simulations that included anthropogenic climate influences like human - released greenhouse gases and aerosols as well as simulations run without those human influences.

The researchers [3] quantified China's current contribution to global «radiative forcing» (the imbalance, of human origin, of our planet's radiation budget), by differentiating between the contributions of long - life greenhouse gases, the ozone and its precursors, as well as aerosols.

The sulfuric acid condensed into minute droplets — each two hundred times finer than the width of a human hair — that could easily remain suspended in the air as an aerosol cloud.

The computer model determines how the average surface temperature responds to changing natural factors, such as volcanoes and the sun, and human factors — greenhouse gases, aerosol pollutants, and so on.

Non-polar glacial ice holds a wealth of information about past changes in climate, the environment and especially atmospheric composition, such as variations in temperature, atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and emissions of natural aerosols or human - made pollutants... The glaciers therefore hold the memory of former climates and help to predict future environmental changes.

Human - generated aerosols can enter the atmosphere directly, as is the case with soot emitted by internal combustion engines in cars and trucks, he explains.

To the contrary, as there is an inverse correlation between low cloud cover and solar irradiation, and solar / volcanic have influences in the stratosphere, non-excisting for CO2 or human made aerosols.

The team evaluated simulated cloud fields from the multi-scale aerosol - climate model and examined how specific human - caused aerosols, such as sulfate, black carbon (soot), and organic carbon affect those clouds and, in turn, the climate.

When aerosols from human activities such as industrial plant and vehicle emissions are added to the system, the energy budget has to deal with the increase.

Airborne particles in the form of naturally occurring dusts and human - produced aerosols can serve as ice nuclei, sites around which water vapor condenses into clouds.

Thus to provide the clearest picture of the CO2 effect, we approximate the net future change of human - made non-CO2 forcings as zero and we exclude future changes of natural climate forcings, such as solar irradiance and volcanic aerosols.

Canine cough is spread via aerosol (infectious particles in the air) and moves through shelters and kennels much the same as a human cold virus moves through a day care centre.

If we have had 1C of warming (giss) since pre-industrial and human made aerosols are masking between 0.5 and 1.1 (Samset et al) and there is warming «in the pipeline» as well — has the possibility of a 1.5 C target already passed?

This has been partly masked by a negative human aerosol forcing so far, but that masking will likely become smaller as more people will demand cleaner air.

Such factors include increased greenhouse gas concentrations associated with fossil fuel burning, sulphate aerosols produced as an industrial by - product, human - induced changes in land surface properties among other things.

As for longer trends, there are of course other factors that could play a role, but you perhaps don't realise that the association of the trends over the last few decades with human forcings (which include other GHGs, aerosols, land use, ozone depletion etc.) are not just based on a correlations.

Some question remains as to how much of the temporary slowdown in surface warming is due to human aerosol emissions, how much due to ENSO, how much due to heat being transferred to the deep oceans, and so forth.

It seems ironic therefore, but plausible all the same, that an episode of cooling through «natural» SRM might be more readily interpreted as an «emergency» and (ab) used to justify human efforts to take control of the climate system through stratospheric aerosol injection than accelerated warming.

Researchers say levels of human - made aerosols are expected to decline during the 21st century as countries begin adopting cleaner methods of power generation.

Scientists found that emissions of tiny air particles from human - made sources — known as anthropogenic aerosols — were the cause.

Fertilizer production will almost certainly keep growing to keep pace with human population, but the amount of aerosols created as a result depends on many factors, including air temperature, precipitation, season, time of day, wind patterns and of course the other needed ingredients from industrial or natural sources.

And, volcanic eruptions are very different from human produced aerosols as they put the aerosol into the stratosphere, rather than the troposphere.

However, many of the aerosols scientists have suggested using, such as diamond dust or alumina, are harmful to the ozone (a layer that protects the Earth's surface from some of the sun's ultraviolet rays) and human health.

The (lack of) skill of the current GCM's always wondered me and I have been suspicious about the use of human aerosols as a convenient «tuning knob» to fit the past, and even so not so good, especially not in current times where the reduction of aerosols in the Western world is near fully compensated by the increase in SE Asia.

This would be some combination of warmings and coolings due to natural and / or human influences such as aerosols, instabilities in ocean currents, Length - Of - Day (LOD) fluctuations, the stadium wave (Wyatt and Curry), the 3M effect (me, December 17, Global Environmental Change section, this AGU Fall Meeting), etc. etc..

Associated with human greenhouse gas production is the release of fine particle known as aerosols which have a temporary cooling effect (they last in the atmosphere less than a week).

This reimagined Anthropocene rests on a seamless transition from the fact that humans have always modified their environments to a defense of a postmodern «cyber nature» under human supervision, as if there is no qualitative difference between fire - stick farming and spraying sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere to regulate Earth's temperature.

The computer model determines how the average surface temperature responds to changing natural factors, such as volcanoes and the sun, and human factors — greenhouse gases, aerosol pollutants, and so on.

The formation of cloud droplets and cloud ice crystals is associated with suspended aerosols, which are produced by natural processes as well as human activities and are ubiquitous in Earth's atmosphere.

My question woiuld be: What happens when human related forcing such as aerosols, sulfur emission, etc. act in opposition to other human related forcing such as greenhouse gas emissions?

These NCA emissions directly affect particle concentrations and human exposure to nanosized aerosol in urban areas, and potentially may act as nanosized condensation nuclei for the condensation of atmospheric low - volatile organic compounds.

It is simple: inject millions of tons of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere at carefully chosen locations, and keep on doing so for as long as humans continue to burn fossil fuels and release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

The volumes of sulphate aerosols that would need to be flown to stratospheric heights and released each year would continue to grow as humans went on burning ever more fossil fuels.

We have recently discussed several papers which have found substantial global dimming as a result of increased human aerosol emissions from 1950 to 1980 and 2000 to 2010.

Aerosols have both natural and human sources, so if we just assume aerosol concentration variation in the atmosphere will continue as it has for the last 165 years, then future AGW can be projected with TCR (1 + beta) where beta is the historical fraction of CO2 radiative forcing caused by all other GHG and aAerosols have both natural and human sources, so if we just assume aerosol concentration variation in the atmosphere will continue as it has for the last 165 years, then future AGW can be projected with TCR (1 + beta) where beta is the historical fraction of CO2 radiative forcing caused by all other GHG and aerosolsaerosols.

Assessment of natural and anthropogenic (human - caused) influences indicate that the climate system would be relatively stable without industrial atmospheric influences such as greenhouse gases and aerosols.

«In today's world, human generated aerosols, pollutants, serve as cloud condensation nuclei,» says Kump.

As just one example, the failure of the IPCC prediction of 0.2 C warming for the first decade of the 21st century has been rationalized in many ways: «it was correct except for... unplanned natural variability, an unexpected shift in ENSO, above - normal human aerosols, etc.» (add in any rationalization that sounds good at the time).

For instance, Bond et al. report that black carbon aerosol, or soot, is second only to carbon dioxide as the substance emitted by human activity that has the greatest warming influence on the climate — contributing a quarter (or perhaps even a bit more) to the current overall anthropogenic warming effect.

According to Steffen, there are two approaches to modelling human effects on climate — either include anthropogenic factors such as greenhouse gases, aerosols and land use in conventional climate models, or use an economics approach.

The black line, reconstructed from ISCCP satellite data, «is a purely statistical parameter that has little physical meaning as it does not account for the non-linear relations between cloud and surface properties and planetary albedo and does not include aerosol related albedo changes such as associated with Mt. Pinatubo, or human emissions of sulfates for instance» (Real Climate).

This thinning, which can decrease the ozone concentration by as much as 70 percent, was caused by the rampant use of human - made chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), organic compounds that were once widely used in cooling systems and aerosols.

As aerosol pollution is predicted to decrease over the next few decades, unmasking of the greenhouse effect may lead to accelerated global warming.storms and ocean plankton The human - generated aerosols are derived from industry, motor vehicles and vegetation burning.

Global Climate Change Another Dire Global Warming Effect: 10 Times as Many Ocean Dead Zones Global Warming to Blame for 37 % of Droughts Human - Generated Aerosols May be Masking the Warming Effects of Climate Change

If the first order human climate forcings (e.g., agriculture & deforestation changes in methane emissions, albedo, and aerosols) other than CO2 emissions are positive and the same order of magnitude as CO2, then the CO2 sensitivity must be lower.

The identification of other, sometimes more powerful, greenhouse gases such as methane, the contributions to atmospheric carbon dioxide from other human activities such as deforestation and cement manufacture, better understanding of the temperature - changing properties of atmospheric pollution such as sulphur emissions, aerosols and their importance in the post-1940s northern hemisphere cooling: the knowledge - base was increasing year by year.

As is, the huge uncertainty about aerosols means that in principle net human impact on climate could have always netted out to something close to zero with most of the temperature change due to natural trends.