Sentences with phrase «as macrosomia»

Not exact matches

After refusing a planned cesarean for suspected macrosomia based on a 38 week ultrasound estimate of fetal weight, she gave birth vaginally to a healthy baby and later found that the midwives model of care better met her needs as a pregnant woman.

Although labor arrest and abnormal or indeterminate fetal heart rate tracing are the most common indications for primary cesarean delivery, less common indications ---- such as fetal malpresentation, suspected macrosomia, multiple gestation, and maternal infection (eg, herpes simplex virus)---- account for tens of thousands of cesarean deliveries in the United States annually.

Care providers are concerned about vaginal birth for a potential «big» baby (fetal macrosomia) because as fetal birth weight increases so do the risks for shoulder dystocia, vaginal tears, and permanent nerve injury to the newborn.

Fetal macrosomia can be caused by genetic factors as well as maternal conditions, such as obesity or diabetes.

When macrosomia is suspected, nonstress tests are used to periodically monitor your baby's health as your due date approaches.

Fetal macrosomia may, in turn, lead to a childbirth complication known as shoulder dystocia, which occurs when a fetus's shoulder is caught behind the mother's pelvic bone as the fetus moves down through the birth canal.

Regarding the child, the importance of the intrauterine and early postnatal environments for metabolic programming and modifications of the epigenome is increasingly recognised, 12 — 14 particularly for metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes.15 Thus, GDM is related to macrosomia at birth (> 4 kg), to excess body fat and (central) obesity and to insulin secretion in infants and children, the obesity being in part mediated by maternal body mass index (BMI) or birth weight.16 — 23 Intrauterine exposure to GDM also doubles the risk for subsequent type 2 diabetes in offspring compared with offspring of mothers with a high genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes, but with normal glucose tolerance during the index pregnancy.24 Maternal prepregnancy overweight and excessive gestational weight gain also predict high birth weight and adiposity during infancy.12 25 This is highly relevant, as up to 60 % — 70 % of women with GDM are overweight or obese before pregnancy.26 Finally, maternal lifestyle behaviour such as a high fat diet or lack of physical activity during pregnancy can influence offspring adiposity independent of maternal obesity.12 27