While the earth does not exit an Ice Age every 41k years according to the obliquity cycle when it achieves it's maximum angle of > 24 degrees, over the 10 recorded Ice Age events, EVERY TIME WITHOUT FAIL
as obliquity drops below 23.5 % an Ice Age STARTS.
Individual discrepancies have been explained, for example, through interactions between other orbital frequencies such
as obliquity and the 413,000 - year period of eccentricity but a unified explanation is lacking.
Not exact matches
In our solar system, the Earth's orbital plane is known
as the ecliptic, and so the Earth's axial tilt is officially called the
obliquity of the ecliptic.
It wasn't the rotation axis of Mars that shifted (a process known
as variation of
obliquity) but rather the outer layers (mantle and crust) that rotated with respect to the inner core, rather like turning the flesh of an apricot around its stone.
Low
obliquity makes it easier to accumulate ice at the poles, and the precession effects alternate between one pole and another
as to where ice most easily persists.
As I re-read my answers, particularly the one about using the PF to address pelvic
obliquity, likely many readers thought: I'll use my manual acumen to get it organized and then send them out to a women's health therapist for that pelvic floor stuff.
But eccentricity modulates the effect of precession (the alignment of perihelion and aphelion with solstices or equinoxes)(actually,
obliquity does modulate this too, but while
obliquity variations have significant effect by themselves, they are relatively small in proportion to the difference with zero
obliquity, whereas Earth's eccentricity variations include getting near zero, where aphelion and perihelion would have no effect
as they wouldn't exist.
Ekholm also discusses the orbital
obliquity cycle and its influence, presenting some interesting calculations a la his buddy Arrhenius, but he sees it
as secondary to CO2 / temperature feedbacks.
Raypierre also mentions an interesting idea (p. 467 of his textbook) about variations in precession and eccentricity largely cancelling due to Kepler's law, leaving variations in
obliquity (~ 40kyr)
as the largest effective forcing, with some nonlinearity (CO2?)
Changes in
obliquity modulate seasonal contrasts
as well
as annual mean insolation changes with opposite effects at low vs. high latitudes (and therefore no effect on global average insolation)-LCB- 6.4 -RCB-.
This is the same
as the cycle of
obliquity, the tilt angle of the earth's spin axis relative to its orbit.
This procedure is sometimes derided
as «wiggle matching,» and I have literally seen it done in a way that the
obliquity cycle is overlain with delta -18-O and peaks are moved to match the
obliquity peaks.
This theory stipulates that changes in Earth's elliptical orbit around the sun (eccentricity), changes in the direction in which our axis points (precession) and changes in the tilt of the earth itself (
obliquity)-- known
as Milankovitch Cycles — should contribute to changes in climate because of the different amounts of solar insolation received during these changes.
The concomitant quaternary glaciations on mars suggest response to changes to an external forcing, such
as solar
obliquity or precession, the concomitant changes to the martian prescape
as of earth, to say
obliquity would be remarkable coincidence of chance.
In December 1976 they published a landmark climate paper in Science, showing that climate records contained the same cycles
as the three parameters that vary the Earth's orbit: eccentricity,
obliquity and precession (shown in Figure 1).
He doesn't understand glaciations,
as he uses 65 ° N summer insolation, when glaciations clearly respond to
obliquity,
as we saw in the first article of the series.
They are not based on evidence
as glaciations have not failed to take place under falling
obliquity for millions of years.
Precession /
obliquity — Precession very favorable while
obliquity is lessening and becoming more favorable
as compared to the Holocene Optimum period of time and this is why I think the global temperatures in general have been on a decline overall since the Holocene optimum however with fits and starts due to solar activity changes / volcanic activity and enso superimposed upon this general trend.
As might occur, say, when the Earth's orbit is maximally elliptical,
obliquity is minimal (less tilt, cooler summers) and the Northern Hemisphere's summer occurs when the Earth is furthest from the sun.
This solution enables some extensive analysis of the stability of ice caps and ice belts
as a function of
obliquity and other planetary parameters.
In a linear version of the Milankovitch theory, the two shorter cycles can be explained
as responses to insolation cycles driven by precession and
obliquity.
Obliquity:
Obliquity describes how tilted a planet's axis is (Fig. 3 shows the
obliquity of eight planets, plus Pluto which is labeled
as a planet).