Sentences with phrase «as oxides of nitrogen»

Yet they are still active, chemical reactors really, generating hydrogen and various toxic gases such as oxides of nitrogen and organic vapours.

Not exact matches

As the world began to learn in September, when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a shocking «notice of violation,» the vehicles met emissions standards for dangerous oxides of nitrogen, known collectively as NOx, only when running their paces in an artificial, indoor lab settinAs the world began to learn in September, when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a shocking «notice of violation,» the vehicles met emissions standards for dangerous oxides of nitrogen, known collectively as NOx, only when running their paces in an artificial, indoor lab settinas NOx, only when running their paces in an artificial, indoor lab setting.

... A number of scientific studies indicate that most global warming in recent decades is due to the great concentration of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides and others) released mainly as a result of human activity... Doomsday predictions can no longer be met with irony or disdain.

In addition to carbon dioxide there are other disruptive products from the use of fossil fuels such as the nitrogen oxides that have already been referred to.

This is a matter of much concern as nitrogen oxides are greenhouse gases.

It has also reduced 90 percent of harmful pollutants such as mercury, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ozone and particulate matter.

In a paper released for discussion in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Crutzen calculated that 3 to 5 percent of the nitrogen in the fertilizers used to raise crops for biofuels could end up in the atmosphere as nitrous oxide, a potent, long - lived greenhouse gas.

Meanwhile, existing coal - fired power plants, many of which date to the 1970s or earlier, will continue to face pressure to close as other environmental regulations target conventional coal pollutants like nitrogen oxides, mercury and particulate matter.

As shown in previous studies, the litter from the polluted site, which had endured high levels of atmospheric nitrogen oxides and ozone, had higher nitrogen content than litter from the clean site.

The pollution is generally a mixture of gases — such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides — and particulate matter, microscopic solids or droplets that can be inhaled into the lungs.

«These effects include wasted resources, foregone revenue and outsized emissions of carbon dioxide as well as local pollutants such as sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.

As is common around the country, New York State's Department of Environmental Conservation routinely monitors the levels of ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates in the air.

By oxidation or reduction, i.e. the donation or acceptance of electrons, the catalysts convert combustion pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, into carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen.

The output of nitrogen oxides, at 227 000 tonnes is almost exactly the same as Norway's annual output.

As it burns, large amounts of particulate matter, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides are released.

The amount of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere has quickly increased as well, with about a third of the total added by human activity — much of that emitted by nitrogen - based fertilizers, and half of that from just three nations: China, the Soviet Union, and the United States.

Matula says this sudden illumination happens because during the first bout of sonoluminescence, temperatures in the bubble, which can be as high as several hundred thousand degrees — hotter than the sun's surface — do something to nitrogen and oxygen to make them form compounds such as nitrous oxide that dissolve in the surrounding water.

Catalysts have been an integral part of diesel - and gasoline - powered engines since the mid-1970s as federal regulations called for reductions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.

The precursors of acid rain formation result from both natural sources, such as volcanoes and decaying vegetation, and human - made sources, primarily emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide resulting from fossil fuel combustion.

In the United States, roughly two - thirds of all sulfur dioxide and a quarter of all nitrogen oxide come from electric power generation that relies on burning fossil fuels, such as coal.

Globally each year, around 140 million tons of nitrogen is lost to the environment as ammonia, nitrogen oxides and other compounds.

Ma, who says he has worked with both the Intel and IBM research groups but is not privy to either's design, adds that the presence of silicon dioxide would require chipmakers to add nitrogen to the hafnium oxide as well.

Despite a 50 percent cut in smog - forming chemicals such as nitrogen oxides, commonly known as «NOx,» over the past 25 years, ozone levels measured in rural areas of the west have actually climbed.

Jet engine exhaust contains carbon dioxide, oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, unburned fuel, soot and metal particles, as well as water vapor.

Heavy - duty vehicles, such as commercial trucks and buses, were found to be, by far, the largest contributor of emissions, accounting for 76 percent of the total excess nitrogen oxide emissions.

Clean energy policies decrease not only carbon pollution linked to climate change but also other types of pollution that harm human health, such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and fine particles that can damage the airways of humans and other organisms.

I criticized this statement, noting that the actual emissions from U.S. coal - burning power plants declined only from 16.1 million tons to 12.4 million tons between 1980 and 1998 in the case of sulfur dioxide and from 6.1 million tons to 5.4 million tons between 1980 and 1998 in the case of nitrogen oxides (mostly emitted as NO, not NO2, but by convention measured as tons of NO2 - equivalent).

The study finds that titanium dioxide coatings, seen as promising for their role in breaking down airborne pollutants on contact, are likely in real - world conditions to convert abundant ammonia to nitrogen oxide, the key precursor of harmful ozone pollution.

«It is true that there are other factors (such as volcanism, the changes in the orbit and the axis of the Earth, the solar cycle), but numerous scientific studies indicate that most of the global warming in recent decades is due to the large concentration of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxide and others) mainly emitted due to human activity.»

The compound acts as a photocatalyst, breaking down nitrogen oxides, ammonia and other pollutants in the presence of sunlight.

«We show that uptake of atmospheric NH3 (ammonia) onto surfaces containing TiO2 (titanium dioxide) is not a permanent removal process, as previously thought, but rather a photochemical route for generating reactive oxides of nitrogen that play a role in air pollution and are associated with significant health effects,» the authors write.

The policy document also set new targets for the closure of coal - fired heating systems as well as the installation of equipment to reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions at power stations, steel mills and cement plants.

Potent greenhouse gases, such as nitrogen oxides produced by denitrifying bacteria in overfertilized Chinese farming lands or methane released by archaea in the millions of ruminant animals in Australia and New Zealand, may have contributed substantially to global warming.

The specialized instruments onboard the aircraft sampled the plume for aerosol particle size distribution and composition as well as concentrations of pollutant gases such as sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Inert gases such as neon (Ne), helium (He), and krypton (Kr) and other constituents such as nitrogen oxides, compounds of sulfur, and compounds of ozone are found in lesser amounts.

However, in Cu - SSZ - 13, the copper metal bonded with both the nitrogen and the oxygen halves of the nitric oxide barbell, as if the copper and nitric oxide formed a three - membered ring.

High levels of methane leakage from fracking have been found [163], as well as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds [159].

«Most of the harmful chemicals in your exhaust such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide are emitted when starting up the engine,» said McEwen.

In particular, aircraft jet engines produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapor (H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of sulfur (SOx), unburned or partially combusted hydrocarbons (also known as volatile organic compounds, or VOCs), particulates, and other trace compounds.

Usually contains platinum, palladium and / or rhodium, which acts as a catalyst in a chemical reaction that converts unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen into water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gases that are less toxic than untreated exhaust fumes

Then large volumes of nitrogen will be released in to atmosphere, where natrual processes such as ligtening will convert nitrogen in to nitogen oxide gases, an almost 200 + times more poten greenhouse gas than CO2.

For the past ten years the plant has been operating without the level of emissions controls to limit sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions as stipulated in the Clean Air Act.

A series of 37 «eco-billboards» touting the fact that the Mirai's «only emission is water» (at least at the proverbial tailpipe, as there are definitely emissions other than water associated with hydrogen fuel cells and any new car) will be installed with Clear Channel Outdoor Americas, and these billboards are said to remove nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the air.

One should also pay attention to other greenhouse gases, particularly methane (from rice paddies, ruminant animal digestive processes, industrial processes, and distributed natural sources, some of which could be triggered to large releases by warming) and nitrous oxide (from the nitrogen cycle linking the atmosphere, plants, and bacteria, now exacerbated by extremely heavy use of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture; note, as does Vaclav Smil from the University of Manitoba, that fertilizer use is required to feed half the world's current population.

In the atmosphere, a portion of the nitrogen winds up as nitrous oxide — laughing gas — which is not only a greenhouse gas that is 300 times more potent that carbon dioxide, but also destroys ozone, the gas that keeps us from getting more of a dose of UV radiation.

It is true that there are other factors (such as volcanism, the changes in the orbit and the axis of the Earth, the solar cycle), but numerous scientific studies indicate that most of the global warming in recent decades it is due to the large concentration of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxide and others) mainly emitted due to human activity.

Here in Arizona, the EPA is proposing to reduce harmful nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from the Navajo Generating Station (NGS), a coal plant that is one of the largest sources of NOx emissions in the U.S. as well as from the Apache, Coronado, Sundt, and Cholla generating stations.

Other new techniques of applying nitrogen fertilizers, such as nesting the nitrogen fertilizer, may in future also become common, and their nitrous oxide emissions will need to be measured.

But China also emits a significant amount of GHGs besides carbon dioxide — methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride and nitrogen trifluoride — collectively referred to as non-CO2 GHG emissions.

The traffic - related nitrogen oxide emissions in the Federal Republic of Germany have fallen sharply since the introduction of the emission limitation for road traffic in 1960 up until today and a further reduction by a total of 86 % in maximum emissions is expected in the future as well [58].