Sentences with phrase «as oxygen concentrations»

Since 1957, environmental parameters such as oxygen concentrations, temperature, salinity and nutrients have been measured monthly at the Boknis Eck time series station.

In fact, the completely unplanned «experiment» had left the crew gasping for breath as the oxygen concentration gradually fell from 21 per cent to less than 15 per cent, making the atmosphere as thin as at an altitude of 4000 metres.

So your comment about needing to account for individual CO2 molecules are not scientifically valid and the C12 / C13 / C14 proportions as well as the oxygen concentration issue are still valid and correct.

Not exact matches

The researchers established the astronauts» exercise capacity through measurements — such as oxygen uptake, cardiac output, hemoglobin concentration and arterial saturation — that illustrate how effectively the body transports oxygen to the muscle mitochondria.

Globular clusters contain far lower concentrations of the planet - forming heavy elements — such as carbon, oxygen, and iron — than do our sun and nearby stars, leading some to suspect that it might be difficult for planets to form there.

They charted how fluctuating oxygen concentrations correlated with the emergence of new animals as seen in the fossil record and from genetic data.

These concentrations could have sustained small, simple animals, just as they do today in the ocean's oxygen - poor zones.

Other specific conditions, such as the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the pore water of the filter body, reduce the ability of pathogens to survive in planted soil filters.

As a result, oxygen saturation at depth dropped from an average of 67 percent to 59 percent while microbial cell concentrations doubled to 5,510 cells per milliliter compared with just 2,730 cells per milliliter outside the plume.

Because diffusion becomes less efficient as the tubes get longer, the atmospheric concentration of oxygen is a powerful constraint on body size, especially for active insects that fly.

They also used satellite precipitation data to «backsolve» the brine's origins using sodium concentrations, oxygen and hydrogen isotopes, as the isotopic composition of water reflects the condensation temperature and precipitation rate over time.

He reckons the oxygen concentration inside should be 30 to 40 percent, and he envisions using the spacecraft's liquid water store as a barrier between the Mars pioneers and the sun.

Oxygen gas sensors are extensively used to monitor the oxygen concentration in automotive exhaust and in medical instruments such as anesthesia monitors and respirOxygen gas sensors are extensively used to monitor the oxygen concentration in automotive exhaust and in medical instruments such as anesthesia monitors and respiroxygen concentration in automotive exhaust and in medical instruments such as anesthesia monitors and respirators.

Mangrove rivulus, which can live out of the water for extended periods of time (days or weeks, as long as the conditions are moist), uses its specialised jumping technique when water has low oxygen concentrations or high levels of hydrogen sulphide, or to escape predators and search for terrestrial prey such as crickets.

Analyzing sensor data and field measurements, Cohen and his students have found new clues for the algal abundance, such as declining concentrations of dissolved oxygen and the role of snails in keeping springs clear.

«The resulting six-fold increase in oxygen would have significantly influenced biogeochemical cycling of [oxidation] sensitive elements such as [iron] and [sulfur] and ultimately increased the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere,» the team writes in a paper published online today by the journal Science.

The models showed that thinner carbon nanotubes with a relatively high concentration of nitrogen would perform best, as oxygen atoms readily bond to the carbon atom nearest the nitrogen.

«Changes in ocean conditions that affect fish stocks, such as temperature and oxygen concentration, are strongly related to atmospheric warming and carbon emissions,» said author Thomas Frölicher, principal investigator at the Nippon Foundation - Nereus Program and senior scientist at ETH Zürich.

As photosynthetic bacteria prospered and spread, the concentration of oxygen in air and water became abundant as early as Year 2.24 billion (see update from Bekker et al, 2004As photosynthetic bacteria prospered and spread, the concentration of oxygen in air and water became abundant as early as Year 2.24 billion (see update from Bekker et al, 2004as early as Year 2.24 billion (see update from Bekker et al, 2004as Year 2.24 billion (see update from Bekker et al, 2004).

With little oxygen available to convert that hydrogen into water, hydrogen gas probably accumulated in the atmosphere and oceans in concentrations as high as hundreds to thousands of parts per million.

At the trace levels normally found in biological systems (plants and animals), selenium apparently acts as an antimutagenic, oxygen - radical scavenger, but at higher concentrations selenium is capable of inducing mutations (cancer).»

But the boiling point of heavy water, as well as heavy oxygen water (H2O ^ 18 rather than H2O ^ 16) are higher than that of normal water, and are found in water vapor in the atmosphere at lower concentrations when the global temperature is low.

See Curry post on «Nonequilibrium thermodynamics and maximum entropy production in the Earth system» paper by Axel Kleidon (downloadable) https://judithcurry.com/2012/01/10/nonequilibrium-thermodynamics-and-maximum-entropy-production-in-the-earth-system/ «The Earth system is maintained in a unique state far from thermodynamic equilibrium, as, for instance, reflected in the high concentration of reactive oxygen in the atmosphere.

But pollution also covers hundreds of chemicals which are fine or even beneficial at low levels but which if released in large quantities or in problematic circumstances cause «harm» — like phosphorus (grows your veges but also leads to toxic cyanobacterial blooms which kill cattle), nitrogen (grows crops kills many native species of plants and promotes weed growth costing farmers), copper (used as an oxygen carrier by gastropods but in high concentrations kills the life in sediments which feed fish), hormones like oestrogen (essential for regulating bodies but in high concentrations confuse reproductive cycles especially with marine life) or maybe molasses from a sugar mill (good for rum but when dumped into east coast estuaries used to cause oxygen sag in estuaries leading to massive fish kills).

As sub-surface oxygen concentrations in the ocean everywhere reflect a balance between supply through circulation and ventilation and consumption by respiratory processes, the absolute amount of oxygen in a given location is therefore very sensitive to changes in either process, more sensitive perhaps as other physical and chemical parameterAs sub-surface oxygen concentrations in the ocean everywhere reflect a balance between supply through circulation and ventilation and consumption by respiratory processes, the absolute amount of oxygen in a given location is therefore very sensitive to changes in either process, more sensitive perhaps as other physical and chemical parameteras other physical and chemical parameters.

I am starting an oxygen market with the premise that oxygen is destroyed everytime you burn fossil fuels and there may be one day dangerously low levels of oxygen as the CO2 concentration rises.

The worst - case result is that mean ocean oxygen concentration falls to a low of about 68 % of pre-industrial levels in the next few millennia, while low - oxygen «dead zones» — which don't support fish or many other marine animals such as crabs and clams — spread nearly six-fold to cover 12.8 % of the sea surface area.

The paper, «Reconstruction of past atmospheric CO2 concentrations by ice core analysis», acknowledges that, due to impurities, liquid water can exist as low as -50 deg C. Diffusion of CO2 into this water, due to its far higher solubility than nitrogen and oxygen, will partially deplete the CO2 from trapped air bubbles.

as for carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas and oxygen gas and the collisions you mention — the concentration by volume of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is very small — the most significant effects in the bottom layer of the atmosphere (troposphere) will surely be the heat trapping effect of increased carbon dioxide combined with the pressure - height changes of concentrations of carbon dioxide due to the warming effect.

where 600 ppmv is the change in O2 concentration (same as that in CO2 concentration... volumes correspond to molecule counts), 200,000 ppmv is oxygen concentration, and 8000 m the base - e scale height.

In addition, if a hotter ocean were the source of CO2, oxygen would be coming out of solution as well, yet the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere is actually decreasing, not increasing (sources: Environmental Chemistry.com's CO2 Pollution and Global Warming page and IPCC Working Group 1 Report, Chapter 2, pages 138 - 139).

While there is little doubt that dissolved oxygen concentrations exerted a key control on benthic ecosystems during the past, as they do today, the impact on pelagic ecosystems is less straightforward.

Monitoring trends in biogeochemical indicators such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient concentrations is crucial for evaluating the oceans» response to global climate change and its effects on marine ecosystems.