Sentences with phrase «as ozone precursors»

This is happening around the globe as ozone precursors travel across oceans and continents.

Ground - level ozone is a secondary pollutant, meaning that it is not emitted directly, but forms when sunlight triggers reactions between natural and human - caused chemical emissions, known as ozone precursor gases.

Not exact matches

Inside the body, squalene is the precursor of cholesterol, but the sebaceous glands in the skin churn out the stuff as is and ozone is drawn to it like a magnet, Weschler says.

The researchers [3] quantified China's current contribution to global «radiative forcing» (the imbalance, of human origin, of our planet's radiation budget), by differentiating between the contributions of long - life greenhouse gases, the ozone and its precursors, as well as aerosols.

Air monitoring by researchers in 2000 found levels of volatile organic compounds — highly reactive ozone precursors such as benzene, known as VOCs — were 10 to 100 times higher than what had previously been estimated.

The study finds that titanium dioxide coatings, seen as promising for their role in breaking down airborne pollutants on contact, are likely in real - world conditions to convert abundant ammonia to nitrogen oxide, the key precursor of harmful ozone pollution.

Because ozone in the troposphere is a precursor to OH, they deployed weather balloons equipped with measuring devices known as sondes to measure the amount of ozone in the air from the surface to the stratosphere.

Chemistry - transport model studies of the impact of recent changes of ozone precursor emissions, both regionally and globally as outlined above, consistently show that the local response of ozone levels has been a decrease in North America and Europe and an increase in East Asia (Verstraeten et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2016; Lin et al., 2017).

Both are pollutants, but the first is dominated by sulphate emissions from coal burning power plants, the second from ozone precursors such as NOx, volatile organic compounds, and carbon monoxide mainly emitted from vehicles.

Isoprene is a precursor to ozone, which as a ground - level pollutant is believed to cause many health - problems especially among the vulnerable, including premature death.

This assessment report looks into all aspects of anthropogenic emissions of black carbon and tropospheric ozone precursors, such as methane.

In D.C., ozone precursors come from our region's infamous vehicle traffic, as well as pollution from power plants, factories, and other industrial facilities that is blown in from nearby states.

In contrast, the tropics, already warm, do not benefit from further warming, but they are not as hard hit by ozone damage because ozone - precursor emissions are lower in the tropics.

Ozone is invisible but it is highly toxic to vegetation and the background level is inexorably rising as more and more precursors are emitted.

They produce aerosols yes, but a lot of them are black carbon (a warming influence), and they also produce NOx, CO and CH4 (ozone precursors) as well as CO2 of course.

The methane sink is affected by ozone precursors (VOCs and NOx) as well as directly by climate (humidity and temperature)(in addition to the soil sink feedback you mention), while the sources are also affected by climate — wetland emissions are affected by wetland extent, water tables and temperature, while hydrates (as seen above) are a big unknown.

Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.