Sentences with phrase «as pairs of genes»

Not exact matches

Pair bonding may not be the best or only way to serve our genes but then there is no reason why we have to accept the so called «selfish gene» theory, that we are of value only as gene carriers (the theory popularised by Richard Dawkins in The Selfish Ggene» theory, that we are of value only as gene carriers (the theory popularised by Richard Dawkins in The Selfish Ggene carriers (the theory popularised by Richard Dawkins in The Selfish GeneGene.

Damage to human chromosome 9 (of the cell's 24 pairs) where the gene that codes for E-NTPDase2 resides is known to cause eye and brain defects, such as microphthalmia — literally, small eyes.

They started with pairs of fat yellow mice known to scientists as agouti mice, so called because they carry a particular gene — the agouti gene — that in addition to making the rodents ravenous and yellow renders them prone to cancer and diabetes.

While chimps have only two copies of the salivary amylase gene (one on each of the relevant chromosome pair), humans have an average of six, with some people having as many as 15 (Nature Genetics, vol 39, p 1256).

By using pairs of sisters who spent differing amounts of time living with their fathers, the study was able to control for inherited genes and environmental conditions, such as socioeconomic status or religious background, to isolate the effects of fathering quality on daughters.

Yin is the corresponding author of a study published in the peer - reviewed academic journal Nature Communications, which shows those interactions depend on a pair of genes known as BES1 and RD26.

But in genes, differences as small as a point mutation — the alteration of a single base pair — can lead to disease.

They found up to seven variations of the gene — some differing by as much as 25 % of their base pairs — in a single snail.

«But perhaps the most exciting implication is that our tools, when paired with appropriate activity modulator genes, could enable non-invasive deep brain modulation for the treatment of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease.»

To show that technique worked, the scientists used DropSynth to make thousands of bacterial genes — each as long as 669 base pairs in length.

Besides promoters located in the beginning of genes, gene expression is also regulated by enhancers which may be located as far as thousands of base pairs away from the gene they regulate.

The human genome contains about 3 billion base pairs, but only about 2 percent of these base pairs represent protein - coding genes, meaning that whole - exome sequencing measures the genetic alterations focused on a small but very important fraction of the genome (as opposed to techniques of whole genome sequencing, which measures every nucleotide across the entire genome, regardless of whether these genes are expressed or silent).

«This is the first study to examine mate choice among wild - spawning fish of both hatchery and wild origin, and the results suggest that greater diversity of immune genes between wild - born pairs of coho salmon may increase offspring survival,» said Amelia Whitcomb, who did the research as a master's student at OSU and is lead author on the publication.

But the newly identified virus, known as the Cafeteria roenbergensis virus, is a pack rat: It lugs around a staggering 730,000 base pairs of DNA, including more than 500 gene - like regions, researchers report online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

However, further sequencing analysis established that these germ line chimera were not present at the earlier time point, as no sequences with the fully mature DJ regions paired to the relevant germ line V genes were detected at t = 54 whereas between 50 and 250 copies of such clones were present at t = 174.

The remaining 2 pairs of primers, both derived from highly conserved sequences in the hexon gene [26], [28], were able to detect TMAdV in culture as well as directly from clinical material.

The upper panel shows the distance of read pairs; the insertion of the region probably occurred after the duplication of the gene into the subtelomeres, as all reads from the duplications are connected over the insertion.

Stem cell researchers from UCLA used a high resolution technique to examine the genome, or total DNA content, of a pair of human embryonic stem cell lines and found that while both lines could form neurons, the lines had differences in the numbers of certain genes that could control such things as individual traits and disease susceptibility.

Rather, HAR2 functions as an enhancer, a DNA sequence that works to increase or decrease the level of a gene's expression.8 An enhancer can be located thousands of base pairs away from the gene it regulates.

For more than a century, geneticists have known that, in organisms that pair up to reproduce, most genes have a 50 - 50 chance of being inherited, as Gregor Mendel famously showed in the 19th century with pea plants.

In the study, Setton and Sharma show that a pair of genes, known as Sp6 - 9 and Dll, normally involved in telling a developing insect or arachnid embryo where to grow legs, has been co-opted by a group of arachnids to also help tell the embryo where to build its head.

The team's RGB system consists of 18 genes, 14 promoters, as well as other bits of DNA called terminators and plasmids, and 46,198 base pairs.

But Spector argues that EpiTwin has already made valuable contributions — for example, through a study of 15 twin pairs discordant for breast cancer that pointed toward hypermethylation of the DOK7 gene, which he believes could one day be used as a biomarker to help identify women at risk for breast cancer years in advance.

During his long and fruitful pairing with Gene Siskel, Ebert stoked that passion as the two frequently clashed on camera over a movie's merits, becoming the most popular and influential film critics of their — and probably any — era.

Saturday brings a pair of classics named after the dames that haunt our heroes: Gilda (1946), starring Rita Hayworth in her most iconic screen siren role as a sex kitten who digs her claws into the bodyguard (tough guy Glenn Ford) of her crippled sugar daddy husband (George Macready), and Laura (1944), with Gene Tierney as the beauty in a painting who obsesses homicide detective Dana Andrews.

Within each cell in the body, genes are present as pairs one on each of two strands of DNA (chromosomes).

These genes are put together in pairs as strains and form the 39 chromosome pairs of a dog.

Not nearly as simple as those due to a single pair of defective recessive genes that some offspring inherit from their parents.

Although the visual effect can be the same, it is easy to confuse this with the subtle hint of bronze (liver) that shows through in coats of some black dogs that carry an incompletely - masked recessive allele (one of the gene pair) for «a dilute» such as liver - chocolate.

The heart of the innovation, as I understand it, lies in the choice of a particular and small region of DNA shared by many animals; to say it in technical terms: it's «a 648 base - pair region in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene («CO1»).»