Sentences with phrase «as protein coding»

All but one (Olfr332) of these gene models are reported in Ensembl and classified as protein coding (Dataset S8).

Not exact matches

The Food Standards Code allows manufacturers to add or withdraw «milk components» to or from milk as long as the total fat level remains at least 3.2 % (for full - cream milk) and the protein at least 3 % (for any milk).

Colour - Coded % DI (CC - % DI) system indicating the percent dietary contribution of energy, protein, total fat, saturated fat, total carbohydrate, sugar, fibre and sodium as in the M - % DI system, plus the relevant colour - code applied for total fat, saturated fat, sugar and sodium, based on nutrition criteria used in the TL system (Figure 1).

Monochrome % DI (M - % DI) indicating the percent dietary contribution of energy, protein, total fat, saturated fat, total carbohydrate, sugar, fibre and sodium, based on the estimated nutrient requirements of a 70 kg adult with an energy requirement of 8700 kJ, as outlined in the Food Standards Code (Food Standards Australia New Zealand, 2008); and

Non-dairy beverages must be nutritionally equivalent to milk and meet the nutritional standards for fortification of calcium, protein, vitamin A, vitamin D, and other nutrients to levels found in cow's milk, as outlined in the National School Lunch Program regulations per Title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, Section 210.10 (m)(3).

The new MyPlate icon depicts a plate which is sub-divided and color - coded into sections which represent what we refer to colloquially as «food groups»: green represents vegetables, orange represents grains, red represents fruits, purple represents protein, and a small blue circle next to the plate represents dairy.

As much as 98 % of the human genome is «non-coding» — it does not code for proteiAs much as 98 % of the human genome is «non-coding» — it does not code for proteias 98 % of the human genome is «non-coding» — it does not code for protein.

While DNA and its 20,000 protein - coding genes can be thought of as static «hardware,» the epigenome is the «software» that coordinates its operation.

A human liver cell contains the same DNA as a brain cell, yet somehow it knows to code only those proteins needed for the functioning of the liver.

Think of the epigenome as a complex software code, capable of inducing the DNA hardware to manufacture an impressive variety of proteins, cell types, and individuals.

Most adaptations in protein - coding genes occurred in the last 6,000 to 13,000 years, as human populations shifted from hunting and gathering to farming, they report.

The areas which do not code for proteins are also referred to as junk DNA.

Rather than giving the body proteins as medicines, we give the body the genetic code (via mRNA) to produce its own proteins and become the factory for its medicine.

Through their signaling prowess, IDPs help regulate the gas and brake pedals for producing proteins from the DNA code, according to evidence that has accumulated over the past decade, as well as the process by which cells divide.

The two genes implicated — GNAQ and GNA11 — code for proteins (known as G proteins) that normally function as molecular on - off switches, regulating the passage of information from the outside to the inside of a cell.

Steitz shared the 2009 chemistry Nobel for his elegant elucidation of the three - dimensional structure and detailed function of the ribosome, the cellular organelle charged with the actual production of proteins as per the instructions of the genetic code.

In natural, unaltered organisms, she explains, each sequence of DNA in a genome codes for a particular outcome, expressed as a protein that determines a quality of the individual or even the species as a whole.

Best known as the molecular hinges that help chromosomes divide, centromeres have been widely considered structural elements that were unlikely to harbor protein - coding genes, the researchers said.

Working with cultures of respiratory tract cells, Elias's team found that the gene that codes for il - 6 is inactive unless a protein known as nf - kb (nuclear factor - kappa beta) attaches to the gene.

«By sequencing all of the DNA that codes for mRNA and ultimately, proteins, Dr. Amin and colleagues found a single gene that may account for as much as 4 % of the heritable risk for depression,» said Doctor John Krystal, Editor of Biological Psychiatry.

As another example of the value of the Amborella genome, Joshua Der at Penn State noted «We estimate that at least 14,000 protein - coding genes existed in the last common ancestor of all flowering plants.

Yet the vast majority of genomic alterations associated with cancer lie outside protein - coding genes, in what traditionally has been derided as «junk DNA.»

They isolated its entire genetic code — one chromosome that forms a circle — stripping it of all its proteins, and then added genes to make a host organism blue (to make it easy to pick out in a Petri dish) as well as resistant to the antibiotic tetracycline.

The mutated gene, FAA, codes for an aberrant, as - yet - unnamed protein that initiates a cascade of malfunctions in various body systems, including production of blood cells and platelets in the bone marrow.

Moreover, certain signature Mimi genes, such as those that code for the production of the soccer - ball shape of its capsid (an outer protein coat common to all viruses), have been conserved in viruses that infect organisms from all three of the domains, particularly in eukaryotes.

Bacteria can become resistant to the antibiotic either as the result of a spontaneous mutation or by picking up an appropriate «resistance gene» (which codes for a protein that confers resistance) from another bacterium via genetic exchange.

«In the early days, these fragments of RNA were generally dismissed as irrelevant since they did not code for proteins.»

The vast majority of our 20,000 or so genes exist in the DNA within each cell's nucleus, as distinct from the 13 protein - coding genes inside mtDNA.

The team studied the genomes of almost 8,000 child and parent trios, focusing on genes that coded for proteins as well as non-coding parts of the genome that control the switching on and off of genes, known as regulatory elements.

Learning more about how synapses change their connections could help scientists better understand neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, since many of the genetic alterations linked to autism are found in genes that code for synaptic proteins.

The new study, which was recently posted to a preprint repository but has not yet been published in a peer - reviewed publication, was the result of researchers comparing the parts of the genome known as exomes, which code for proteins, from 60,000 people — 10 times more than had ever been attempted.

To estimate the avian timetree with genomic - scale data, we used first and second codon positions from 1156 clock - like exon genes (which do not strongly exhibit the above protein - coding compositional bias), calibrated with 19 conservatively chosen avian fossils (plus nonavian outgroups) as minimum bounds for lineage ages (with a maximum - bound age constraint of 99.6 Ma for Neornithes), in a Bayesian autocorrelated relaxed clock method using MCMCTREE (77) on the fixed ExaML TENT topology (SM12).

This is crucial for phylogenomic inference, as many studies [including transcriptome analyses (19, 74)-RSB- use only protein - coding genes to infer species trees.

As a postdoc in the lab of Zefeng Wang, PhD, a member of the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Choudhury stumbled upon DAZAP1 while searching for proteins involved in alternative splicing — when a single gene organizes its genetic code to create different proteins with various functions.

That DNA includes slightly less than 21,000 protein - coding genes (some researchers once estimated we had more than 100,000 such genes); «genes» for 8800 small RNA molecules and 9600 long noncoding RNA molecules, each of which is at least 200 bases long; and 11,224 stretches of DNA that are classified as pseudogenes, «dead» genes now known to really be active in some cell types or individuals.

RNA acts as the intermediary between genes and proteins, but the function of pieces of RNA that do not code for protein has, historically, been less clear.

As it turned out, the gene coded not for a protein — as all genes were then thought to do — but for a tiny snippet of RNA, the simpler molecular cousin of DNAs it turned out, the gene coded not for a protein — as all genes were then thought to do — but for a tiny snippet of RNA, the simpler molecular cousin of DNas all genes were then thought to do — but for a tiny snippet of RNA, the simpler molecular cousin of DNA.

Imaging techniques that rely on light — such as taking pictures of cells tagged with a «reporter gene» that codes for green fluorescent protein — only work in tissue samples removed from the body.

Indeed, as he and his colleagues went on to report, the 217 microRNAs that had been identified to date could be more effective at classifying tumors than the 20,000 protein - coding RNAs already used for diagnosis.

Telomeres cap the ends of chromosomes and act as protection against the loss of protein - coding DNA during cell division.

In both humans and the bacteria, a key protein complex called RNA polymerase clamps onto and ticks down the DNA chain, reading the code of DNA «letters» as it translates genetic instructions into intermediary RNA molecules on the way to building proteins.

Through closer investigation, he found that the RNA sections that stuck around contained chemical codes that act as stop signs, prematurely halting the translation of the RNA from these two genes into proteins.

Three - letter genetic sequences are known as codons, and they can either code for an amino acid — the building blocks of proteins — or act as stop signals.

The genes for each transcription factor were made from different bits of DNA that code for the functional parts of proteins, such as a domain that can bind to DNA and another that provides the protein with access to the cell's nucleus.

The human genome contains about 3 billion base pairs, but only about 2 percent of these base pairs represent protein - coding genes, meaning that whole - exome sequencing measures the genetic alterations focused on a small but very important fraction of the genome (as opposed to techniques of whole genome sequencing, which measures every nucleotide across the entire genome, regardless of whether these genes are expressed or silent).

By acquiring sections of proteins coded by other genes, which are often the target of pathogen infection, NLRs act as an «integrated defense decoy».

RNA acts as a messenger to carry out instructions coded in DNA to produce proteins that perform essential functions in the body.

Because of their central importance to biology, proteins have been the focus of intense research, particularly the manner in which they are produced from genetically coded templates — a process commonly known as translation.

They found that EBB1 codes for a protein that helps to restart cell division in a part of the tree known as meristem, which is analogous to stem cells in animals.

As a result, it does not code for the proper protein, it does not merit the name gene (only pseudogene), and it does not permit cats to taste sweets.