These are black holes that are a few to a few dozen times the mass of our sun that were likely formed by the death of very massive stars after they'd run out of fuel and exploded
as supernovas billions of years ago.
Not exact matches
Then light was liberated, and then gravity created the first stars and galaxies, then
billions of years later, a local star went
supernova and seeded the local nebula with heavier elements, elements necessary for life, elements that were not created during the Big Bang, then the sun was born, then the planets coalesced, and
billions of years later some primate wrote a story about how the Earth was created at the same time
as the rest of the universe, getting it wrong because that primate did not have the science nor technology to really understand what happened, so he gave it his best guess, most likely an iteration of an older story told prior to the advent of the Judeo Christian religion.
Riess has since hunted down
supernovae that exploded more than 7
billion years ago, filling in gaps: The universe first slowed down
as the inward pull of matter dominated over the relatively mild outward push of dark energy.
Penn State University astronomers have discovered that the mysterious «cosmic whistles» known
as fast radio bursts can pack a serious punch, in some cases releasing a
billion times more energy in gamma - rays than they do in radio waves and rivaling the stellar cataclysms known
as supernovae in their explosive power.
Given the redshift of the light from this stellar explosion — which occurred about 10
billion years ago, when the universe was one third its current size — the object appeared much brighter than it would have been if [dust filling intergalactic space simply made the
supernovae appear dim,
as some researchers had proposed].
By carefully observing distant
supernovae — stellar explosions that for a brief time shine
as brightly
as 10
billion suns — astronomers found that they were fainter than expected.
Four images of the same
supernova flashed in the constellation Leo
as its light bent around a galaxy sitting about 6
billion light - years away between Hubble and the exploding star, researchers report in the March 6 Science.
Rather, they analyzed microscopic silicon carbide, SiC, dust grains that formed in
supernovae more than 4.6
billion years ago and were trapped in meteorites
as our Solar System formed from the ashes of the galaxy's previous generations of stars.
This space observatory will be able to study
supernovas that exploded
as far back
as 10
billion years to analyze the shifting relationship between the pull of mass and the push of dark energy.
In that case, faraway
supernovas (which we see
as they were
billions of years ago, when the growth was more rapid) would have accumulated redshift more quickly relative to their distance than nearby ones.
Just
as in sports, astronomical records are made to be broken, and the latest one is a doozy: a
supernova that briefly outshone the sun by a factor of 100
billion, doubling the brilliance of the previous record holder.
Some time in the next several
billion years a similar event will rip apart N55, redistributing cosmic gas and dust
as the nebula's constituent stars die in spectacular
supernovae.