As previously mentioned, additional tests might be needed to rule out underlying diseases such
as systemic hypertension or hyperthyroidism which may cause similar hypertrophy of the left ventricle as HCM.
In middle aged and older cats with HCM, secondary systemic causes of left ventricular wall thickening should be excluded such
as systemic hypertension and hyperthyroidism.
Not exact matches
We offer a program focused on the treatment of pediatric
hypertension,
as well
as a combined program with our rheumatology colleagues for the treatment of patients with
systemic lupus erythematosus (a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder) and other combined kidney / rheumatologic conditions.
One theory proposes that once the storage capacity of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) depots is exceeded under conditions of energy excess, either
as a result of impaired expandability and / or excessive hypertrophic growth, fat deposition within visceral depots and non-adipose tissues including the liver, skeletal muscle and pancreas can ensue.93 This can subsequently lead to the development of
systemic IR and a series of associated cardiometabolic disorders including dyslipidaemia, dysglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and
hypertension.3 Expression of pro-inflammatory mediators including interleukins 1 (IL - 1), 6 (IL - 6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF - α) and resistin, are also increased which can further potentiate IR and promote atherosclerosis.
HCM is diagnosed once other secondary causes of left ventricular wall thickening (hypertrophy), such
as hyperthyroidism,
systemic hypertension, aortic stenosis and others have been ruled out.
The 30 lectures offered prospective insights into glomerular disease and
systemic hypertension, and also included topics such
as «Novel Urinary Biomarkers in AKI,» and «Drug Dosing in Kidney Disease.»
Below are some of the common specialty areas that we have experience with: - Infectious diseases: Tick - borne disease (Lyme disease, Ehrlichiosis, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, Bartonella),
systemic and local bacterial infections, feline and canine viral disease - Hematology: Immune - mediated hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukemia, bone marrow diseases - Oncology: Surgical and chemotherapy management, lymphoma, mast cell tumors, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, mammary neoplasia,
as well
as benign and malignant skin masses such
as adenomas and cysts - Urology: Kidney failure, bladder infections, stones / crystals, prostatic disease, pyelonephritis, FLUTD, protein - losing nephropathy, glomerulonephritis - Endocrine: Hormonal diseases such
as hyper - and hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, cushings disease, addison's disease, endocrine skin disease - Gastroenterology: Chronic vomiting and / or diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), stomach ulcers / gastritis, colitis, pancreatic disorders, liver disease, protein - losing enteropathy - Respiratory disease: Feline asthma, canine chronic bronchitis, upper respiratory viral disease, pleural effusion, laryngeal paralysis - Cardiology: Heart murmurs and arrhythmias, heart failure, heartworm disease,
hypertension - Ophthalmology: Gaucoma, cataracts, uveitis, corneal disease, ocular surgery - Allergic disease: Allergic dermatitis, food allergies, flea allergy, and allergic gastrointestinal and respiratory disease
Primary
hypertension is caused by an imbalance between cardiac output and
systemic vascular resistance that has no known cause; therefore, it is sometimes referred to
as idiopathic
hypertension.6, 7 It is rare in small animals.
It is important to remember that heart muscle thickening resembling HCM can sometimes develop secondary to other disorders such
as an over-active thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) and elevated blood pressure (
systemic hypertension).
Renal failure in dogs can be brought about by a variety of conditions such
as Lyme disease,
systemic lupus erythematosus, diabetes mellitus, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, genetic abnormalities,
hypertension, and even skin infections.
Since
systemic hypertension is also a cause for thickening of the left ventricle, blood pressure measurement is required to distinguish
hypertension from primary hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
as a cause for ventricular hypertrophy (thickening) in cats.