The second figure shows that if coal emissions were thus phased out between 2010 and 2030, and if emissions from unconventional fossil fuels such
as tar shale were minimized, atmospheric CO2 would peak at 400 - 425 ppm and then slowly decline.
We can not burn all of the fossil fuels (oil, gas, coal and unconventional fossil fuels such
as tar shale and tar sands) and release the CO2 into the air without creating a different planet.
Not exact matches
The boom in unconventional fuels — such
as bitumen extracted from Alberta's
tar sands and oil extracted from North Dakota's Bakken
shale formation by hydraulic fracturing («fracking»)-- has swelled global reserves even
as climate scientists issue ever - sterner warnings that burning more than a small fraction of these reserves would be suicidal.
Total oil production, including «unconventional» sources such
as tar sands and
shale oil, soon started to grow again.
Yet governments and industry are rushing into expanded use of fossil fuels, including unconventional fossil fuels such
as tar sands,
tar shale,
shale gas extracted by hydrofracking, and methane hydrates.
The alternative pathway, which the world seems to be on now, is continued extraction of all fossil fuels, including development of unconventional fossil fuels such
as tar sands,
tar shale, hydrofracking to extract oil and gas, and exploitation of methane hydrates.
Landscapes will continue to suffer
as we move to more
tar sands, oil
shales, etc..
Gasoline from traditional sources, including these harebrained schemes to go offshore and onto ANWR, is inseparable from
tar sands and oil
shale, which are far more abundant and destructive (
as Raypierre pointed out).
What the CTL folks are doing — just like the oil
shale and
tar sands folks are doing — is trying to find a way to keep supplying energy to a business -
as - usual model in a world of rapidly rising energy demands.
His study attributes the expected growth in oil output largely to a combination of high oil prices and new technologies such
as hydraulic fracturing that are opening up vast new areas and allowing extraction of «unconventional» oil such
as tight oil, oil
shale,
tar sands and ultra-heavy oil.
The carbon price will assure that we do not pursue absurd energy pathways, such
as cooking the Rocky Mountains to drip oil out of
tar shale.
Alternatives to traditional fossil fuels such
as tar sands and oil
shale deliver a lower EROI, having a mean EROI of 4:1 and 7:1, respectively.
Even if other production comes on line, e.g. from unconventional sources such
as tar sands in Alberta or
shale in the American West, their relatively high cost of production could permit low - cost producers, particularly Saudi Arabia, to increase production, drop prices for a time, and undermine the economic viability of the higher - cost competitors,
as occurred in the mid-1980's.
As recoverable oil reserves dwindle, there will be increasing pressure to convert coal to liquid fuels as well as exploit unconventional fossil fuels like methane hydrates, tar sands, and oil shal
As recoverable oil reserves dwindle, there will be increasing pressure to convert coal to liquid fuels
as well as exploit unconventional fossil fuels like methane hydrates, tar sands, and oil shal
as well
as exploit unconventional fossil fuels like methane hydrates, tar sands, and oil shal
as exploit unconventional fossil fuels like methane hydrates,
tar sands, and oil
shale.
Quantitative policy implications have been defined: coal emissions must be phased out over the next 20 years, and unconventional fossil fuels, such
as tar sands and oil
shale, must remain undeveloped.
Moreover, in a world where fossil fuel resources are shrinking every year, and where the extraction of «residual» sources such
as deepwater oil,
tar sands and
shale gas come with great environmental and safety risks, bioenergy production can also contribute to national energy security.
The alternative pathway, which the world seems to be on now, is continued extraction of all fossil fuels, including development of unconventional fossil fuels such
as tar sands,
tar shale, hydrofracking to extract oil and gas, and exploitation of methane hydrates.
BNP Paribas recently announced that it was restricting financing for oil and gas projects from
shale and / or oil from
tar sands
as well
as exploration and production projects in the Arctic.
Estimates of the carbon content of all fossil fuel reservoirs including unconventional fossil fuels such
as tar sands,
tar shale and various gas reservoirs that can be tapped with developing technology [114] imply that CO2 conceivably could reach a level
as high
as 16 times the 1950 atmospheric amount.
Other fossil fuels such
as coal,
shale oil,
tar sands, and natural gas may meet some of our energy needs.
Meanwhile, numerous industry efforts are underway to further exploit stressed public lands and perpetuate fossil - fuel dependence through the extraction of coal, oil and gas, oil
shale and
tar sands, and liquefied natural gas development —
as well
as uranium mining and milling and the construction of energy corridors and long - distance electric transmission lines.
Tar sands mining and other extreme forms of energy extraction like Arctic drilling,
shale fracking, and nuclear power generation send us in the exact opposite direction that we,
as a civilization, must go to ensure global survival.
For politicians in Alberta and a handful of western US states the so - called unconventional oil source known
as oil or
tar sands and oil
shale is the energy trump card.
Oil
Shale Development a Climate Change + Water Disaster In case you hadn't heard, developing oil
shale is just
as bad (if not worse in some ways) from an environmental perspective
as tar sands.
«Using
tar sands and oil
shale as energy sources while ignoring climate disruption, air pollution, water pollution, resource depletion, and conservation measures is like pissing in the wind.»
Now we are at the point that all the unconventional reserves, such
as tar sands and
shale oil, immediately start at the 40 % level, since we have to use a lot of energy to even begin to extract the underlying oil efficiently.
To my knowledge +1000 ppm is achievable if we're driven to extract the currently uneconomically viable hydrocarbon deposits such
as tar sands and
shale oil.
Fully implement his Executive Order 13514 requiring all resource management agencies to fully consider climate pollution, like they do other types of pollution, prior to leasing or exporting onshore and offshore oil, gas, coal, and unconventional fuels sources such
as oil
shale and
tar sands.