Sentences with phrase «as the atoms used»

Such a laser might be just as stable as the atoms used in the most advanced clocks.

Not exact matches

Using sensitive lasers, the researchers could then measure the forces on the atoms as they were in free fall.

The nuclear power plants in use around the world today use fission, or the splitting of heavy atoms such as uranium, to release energy for electricity.

So for the current technology that we have, it makes more sense to stick with [molecules with fewer carbon atoms] such as ethylene or carbon monoxide, and then to upgrade those molecules using other processes.

Invented in 1960, lasers use an external «pump,» such as a flash lamp, to excite electrons within the atoms of a lasing material — usually a gas, crystal, or semiconductor.

Still other researchers hope to use Bose - Einstein condensates — clouds of cold atoms that behave as a single quantum wave — to reach tight limits.

Atom interferometers might be used in spacecraft as inertial navigation systems that would be more accurate than current devices, which rely on laser gyroscopes.

To test theories such as general relativity, the strength of gravity is measured precisely using ensembles of supercold atoms falling in a vacuum chamber.

Now a transistor that controls the flow of atoms, rather than electrons, could be used as a model to probe the mysterious electrical property of superconductivity.

These effects are used to execute basic mathematical operations (quantum gates) between the two atoms, as is demonstrated by the Garching team with two characteristic gate operations.

These observations were then used as data for computational predictions of new materials, leading to insights on how to best combine atoms to form new, stable structures.

A recent article in Nature Materials describes how researchers used X-ray scattering during a process called molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) to observe the behavior of atoms as a type of material known as layered oxides were being formed.

The most widely studied set of quantum numbers is that for a single electron in an atom: not only because it is useful in chemistry, being the basic notion behind the periodic table, valence (chemistry) and a host of other properties, but also because it is a solvable and realistic problem, and, as such, finds widespread use in textbooks.

As each flash is intense enough to completely ionise a neon atom and release an electron, the researchers could use those electrons like a flashgun, to illuminate some of the original 2.5 femtosecond trigger pulses of laser light.

Ye is most excited about the future possibility of using the atoms in the clock as a gravity sensor, to see how quantum mechanics, which operates on very small spatial scales, interacts with general relativity, the theory of gravity, a macroscopic force.

The main obstacle to using neutral atoms as qubits has been that, unlike ions, they experience very weak forces and are not easily held in place.

«The key to access HABs was to use thiophene (a five membered ring containing a sulfur atom) as the starting material,» says Junichiro Yamaguchi who co-led the research.

«While the experiment is a beautiful demonstration of how a single atom can be used as a heat engine,» Taylor says, «there is still substantial work to go until deviations from classical thermodynamics can be seen.»

As the atoms are «trapped,» the scientists use a camera to create images of the atoms and their locations.

We show how the distinctive optical properties of enriched 28Si enable the use of hyperfine - resolved optical transitions, as previously applied to great effect for isolated atoms and ions in vacuum.

Using that trick, they have learned to combine as many as 1000 atoms into essentially any molecular configuration they please.

We're used to thinking of the space between the stars as void, bereft of all but the most sparsely distributed atoms and molecules, or the occasional microscopic grain of silicon or carbon dust.

Electron - rich aromatic molecules such as benzene can use their surplus of electrons to react with electron - poor, positively charged species, enabling benzene to exchange one of its hydrogen atoms for the electrophilic group to make a new, substituted benzene.

Ever since physicists invented particle accelerators, nearly 80 years ago, they have used them for such exotic tasks as splitting atoms, transmuting elements, producing antimatter and creating particles not previously observed in nature.

and his colleagues came up with a third approach to building a quantum system, using neutral atoms — atoms that hold no electrical charge — as qubits.

As an alternative, perhaps we could use a block of some material for which it is easier to make an estimate of the number of atoms it contained.

For now, the researchers are planning to test the 51 - atom system as a quantum simulator, specifically on path - planning optimization problems that can be solved using adiabatic quantum computing — a form of quantum computing first proposed by Edward Farhi, the Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics at MIT.

With atoms being so well characterized, it is possible to use them as probes — to look for tiny changes in their properties stemming from interactions with other atoms or the environment.

A very sensitive force - measuring technique uses ultracold rubidium atoms in an optical cavity as a mechanical oscillator.

I knew that heme, the oxygen - carrying molecule in hemoglobin, contained an iron atom within a porphyrin ring (for more information on porphyrin chemistry see this site at Washburn University), but Dr. Datta - Gupta and his laboratory technician attempted to chemically add different metals such as copper, magnesium, or manganese to porphyrins using column chromatography.

«This should help us to create new engineered nanostructures, such as bonded networks of atoms that have a particular shape and structure for use in electronic devices.

«You want to use as little as possible to achieve your objectives, but it's normally hard to keep the atoms highly dispersed under working conditions.»

Strikingly, they saw that even when a monolayer of hBN was used as a spacer, the plasmons were still excited, and could propagate freely while being confined to a channel of just one atom thick.

Herein we demonstrate that a photoredox - mediated hydrogen atom transfer protocol can efficiently and selectively install deuterium (D) and tritium (T) at α - amino sp3 carbon - hydrogen bonds in a single step, using isotopically labeled water (D2O or T2O) as the source of hydrogen isotope.

For these studies, NIST developed a direct - current (DC) magnetometer in which polarized light is used as a detector to measure the «spin» of rubidium atoms induced by magnetic fields.

Now, one computational biologist is using supercomputers to view the quivering activity of millions of p53 atoms as they wrap themselves around DNA strands, an essential part of the cellular destruction dance.

You have suggested a kind of periodic table for clusters of atoms that might be used as basic building materials.

Rather than processing and storing information as bits in transistors or memories, which limit information to the binary» 1» or» 0», quantum computers would instead use quantum systems, such as atoms, ions, or electrons, as «qubits» to process and store «quantum information» in, which can be in an infinite number of combinations of» 1 and 0».

«By reversing the cycle, we could even use the device as a single atom refrigerator and employ it to cool nano systems coupled to it,» explained Johannes Roßnagel, first author of the study.

Then the xenon flows into the smaller chamber, where its polarization is measured, using the rubidium atoms in the same chamber as magnetometers.

While the Missouri S&T team has yet to fabricate actual meta - atoms, they say their research shows that the materials could be built and used for optical communications, image processing, energy redirecting and other emerging fields, such as adaptive optics.

These join slightly more mature — yet still unproven — universal memories such as magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), which uses magnetic polarization to store information permanently on a device's microprocessor, and «phase change» memory, which stores data in a glassy substance called chalcogenide as it is heated and its atoms are rearranged.

The University of Portsmouth and NREL collaborated with scientists at the Diamond Light Source in the United Kingdom, a synchrotron that uses intense beams of X-rays 10 billion times brighter than the sun to act as a microscope powerful enough to see individual atoms.

This method, known as targeted radionuclide therapy, or TRT, involves the use of molecules labeled with radioactive atoms that are injected into patients and localized in cancer cells.

This achievement, reported in a paper published today in Nature Communications, will enable scientists to use traditional surface - science tools — such as x-ray photoelectron and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy — to perform detailed studies of single gas atoms in confinement.

Previous experiments at SLAC have used heavy metal atoms or sulfur as a marker for phasing.

A paper describing the research appears January 4, 2018 in the journal Nature along with a paper from a separate group from Germany that shows that a similar mechanism can be used to make a gas of ultracold atoms exhibit four - dimensional quantum Hall physics as well.

Oscillations associated with their low energies can be used as ultra-sensitive accelerometers and quantum clocks, and the atoms themselves can stick together to form a quantum «super-atom,» known as a Bose - Einstein condensate.

The laser is based on the same atom used in strontium lattice atomic clocks and might even serve as a clock itself.

The heightened accuracy of the technique is precisely due to the use of a solo atom as a «probe» in obtaining these measurements.