Sentences with phrase «as water vapour»

A problem is the RH constant and vary T method does not change the amount of water vapour in each cell by the same amount so if w is water vapour amount (they just define it as water vapour) I can not see how their kernel is applied.

R Stevenson says: May 22, 2011 at 9:07 am This is based on the increase in CO2 concentration needed to make the gas as effective as water vapour in absorbing LWIR ie based on equivalence: For a product term PwL of 0.0231 * (4 * 3.281) ft.atm a water vapour absorptivity of o. 2 absorbs 84Wm - 2 of land LWIR in 4m.

This is based on the increase in CO2 concentration needed to make the gas as effective as water vapour in absorbing LWIR ie based on equivalence: For a product term PwL of 0.0231 * (4 * 3.281) ft.atm a water vapour absorptivity of o. 2 absorbs 84Wm - 2 of land LWIR in 4m.

This is based on the increase in CO2 concentration needed to make the gas as effective as water vapour in absorbing LWIR ie based on equivalence:

As the water vapour rises, it will eventually condense and form clouds, and then rain out.

Carbon dioxide is not as abundant as water vapour, but in one important way it is a more important greenhouse gas because it is substantially responsible for the enhanced greenhouse effect that causes global warming and climate change.

Precipitation forms as water vapour condenses, usually in rising air that expands and hence cools.

It's like about one thousandth as important as water vapour is to warming.

That increases the CO2 levels near the sea surface (but that is readlily dispersed by convection, as good as the water vapour).

â $ œEven doubling or tripling the amount of carbon dioxide will virtually have little impact, as water vapour and water condensed on particles as clouds dominate the worldwide scene and always will.â $ â $ ``.

As water vapour occupies about 1000 times the volume of the water / ice it comes from that has the possibility to create very large forces (witness old time condensing steam engines).

Gases which are lighter than air, such as water vapour and methane, will always rise in air unless work is done to change that, just as, gases which are heavier than air, like carbon dioxide which is one and half times heavier, will always sink in air and will not spontaneously rise in air, unless work is done to change that.

They merely trigger the condensation of water vapour (which saturates very easily in low pressure air) into cloud droplets which reflect back sunlight to space, rather than absorbing infrared as water vapour does.

This is because as water vapour turns to water droplets and / or ice it releases comparitively huge amounts of heat energy.

As we discussed earlier, it is true that infrared - active gases such as water vapour and carbon dioxide can absorb infrared light.

If you burn a 5ton tree, 0,5 kg ash left — the rest all gone in smoke as water vapour + CO2.

(Carbon dioxide molecules are not as effective as water vapour molecules in doing this because of their limited range of frequencies).

Carbon dioxide actually has a minuscule cooling effect, nowhere near as much as water vapour though That's genuine science because it is based on the laws of physics that are well proven over the centuries.

Water enters the atmosphere as water vapour through evaporation, transpiration and sublimation.

Furthermore natural global temperature swings alter the natural background greenhouse effect constantly as water vapour held in the atmosphere increases and decreases naturally with changing global temperatures.

Human water vapour emissions are irrelevant, as water vapour is in dynamic equilibrium with ocean water, an equilibrium controlled by global mean temperature, i.e., other greenhouse gases etc..

I very much doubt that all the melted ice will end up in the atmosphere as water vapour; be interesting to see if someone has some figures on this.

This is a function of the increase in fractionation as water vapour is continually removed from the air.

Not exact matches

While developing a dialysis machine that could use distilled water, Kamen (who's perhaps best known as the inventor of the Segway) discovered the process of vapour - compressed distillation, or VCD, which is central to the Slingshot's operation.

Combining observations from satellites and ground stations with climate models, they evaluated different factors that affect telescope vision, such as the amount of water vapour, wind speeds and atmospheric turbulence.

Aerosol particles act as seeds, around which water vapour condenses into cloud droplets.

If a mineral called serpentinite is present, for example, it would break down at 630 °C and release its chemically bound water as vapour.

Water vapour that sublimated from the ice below Phoenix might have recondensed as ice on its cold leg, he argues.

«As in our own atmosphere, where ultraviolet sunlight breaks molecules apart, ultraviolet starlight can break water vapour in the atmospheres of exoplanets into hydrogen and oxygen.»

The team believes that the relationship between temperature and the isotopic composition of water vapour changes as climate warms.

As expected, the simulations showed that the larger, 1 - km asteroid created the bigger splash, throwing 42 trillion kilograms of water and vapour — enough to fill 16 million Olympic - sized swimming pools — across an area more than 1000 kilometres wide and up to hundreds of kilometres above the Earth's surface.

As the climate warms, warmer temperatures and more open water will mean more water vapour entering the atmosphere — itself a powerful greenhouse gas.

This process of smoothing the original water isotope variations from precipitation is dependent on the temperature, as the water molecules in vapour form are more mobile at warmer temperatures.

«The discovery that water vapour is ejected near the south pole strengthens Europa's position as the top candidate for potential habitability,» said lead author Lorenz Roth of the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, Texas.

Roth suggests long cracks on Europa's surface, known as linea, might be venting water vapour into space.

This will result in roughly twice as much warming than if water vapour remained constant.

This rapid turnover means that even if human activity was directly adding or removing significant amounts of water vapour (it isn't), there would be no slow build - up of water vapour as is happening with CO2 (see Climate myths: Human CO2 emissions are tiny compared with natural sources).

First that CO2 is the main climate driver, second that in calculating climate sensitivity the GHE due to water vapour should be added to that of CO2 as a feed back effect and third that the GHE of water vapour is always positive.As to the last point the feedbacks can not be positive otherwise we wouldn't be here to talk about it.

Forcing changes of similar magnitude, due to water vapour variations, are measurable as regional temperature changes in Europe, see Philipona, but aerosol changes are not...

New theoretical work shows that similar islands of gas enriched in heavy elements in the early universe could have held as much water vapour as we find in our galaxy today.

i.e. water vapour would have to go down as temperature rises, low clouds would have to be incredibly sensitive, high clouds not sensitive at all — and forget the ice - albedo feedback!

The shorter wavelengths of IR radiation can penetrate the atmosphere, but as its wavelength reaches one micrometre, IR radiation tends to be absorbed by water vapour and other molecules in the atmosphere.

Atmospheric circulation, temperature, water vapour, and clouds are examined; as well as ocean temperature anomalies, currents, and behaviour are discussed.

Pierrehumbert, R.T., 1999: Subtropical water vapour as a mediator of rapid global climate change.

-- Water vapour, until forming clouds, acts as a strong GHG.

And that additional water vapour would in turn cause further warming - this being a positive feedback, in which carbon dioxide acts as a direct regulator of temperature, and is then joined in that role by more water vapour as temperatures increase.

Reasoning that, because it fluctuated daily, water vapour was continually recycling itself in and out of the atmosphere, he turned his attention to carbon dioxide, a gas resident for a long time in the atmosphere whose concentration was only (at that time) dramatically changed by major sources such as volcanoes or major drawdowns such as unusual and massive episodes of mineral weathering or the evolution of photosynthetic plants: events that occur on very long, geological timescales.

Source: Lyman 2010 The reaction of the oceans to climate change are some of the most profound across the entire environment, including disruption of the ocean food chain through chemical changes caused by CO2, the ability of the sea to absorb CO2 being limited by temperature increases, (and the potential to expel sequestered CO2 back into the atmosphere as the water gets hotter), sea - level rise due to thermal expansion, and the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere.

Sulphur dioxide reacts with water vapour to form long - lived droplets (aerosols) of sulphuric acid, and about 10 million tons of these droplets are known to have accumulated in the stratosphere as a result of the eruption.

Scientists agree that a doubling of atmospheric CO2 levels could result in temperature increases of between 1.5 and 4.5 °C, caused by rapid changes such as snow and ice melt, and the behaviour of clouds and water vapour.