Not exact matches
Thus we must
assign the mode of causal efficacy to the fundamental constitution of an occasion so that in germ this mode belongs even to organisms of the lowest
grade; while the mode of presentational immediacy requires the more sophistical activity of the later states of process, so
as to belong only to organisms of a relatively high
grade.
The professors then together
assigned a secret «base
grade» for each student to serve
as a benchmark for their subsequent achievement.
We must
assign the mode of causal efficacy to the fundamental constitution of an occasion so that in germ this mode belongs even to organisms of the lowest
grade; while the mode of presentational immediacy requires the more sophistical activity of the latter stages of process, so
as to belong only to organisms of a relatively high
grade (PR 261).
I kept notes
as I traveled, and
assigned each pair of compression socks an informal
grade based on how tight they were, how comfortable they were, and how sturdy they were during my travels.
Interestingly, whatever percent is
assigned to standardized testing will only affect a small minority of teacher evaluations
as only 20 percent of teachers are in subjects and
grades that have state testing.
After recruiting a sample of 587 demographically diverse parents and their first -
grade children in the Chicago area, they randomly
assigned some families to use a math - based iPad app that involved reading short stories and answering questions on topics such
as counting, shapes, and problem solving.
Schools that received F
grades in 1999 experienced increases in test scores that were more than twice
as large
as those experienced by schools with higher state -
assigned grades.
In a study of fourth - and fifth -
grade students, we found that those randomly
assigned to learn the WWWDOT framework became,
as compared to their pre-test and to a control group, more aware of the need to evaluate information on the internet for credibility and better able to evaluate the trustworthiness of websites on multiple dimensions (Zhang & Duke, 2011).
In addition, a survey of English language arts classrooms published by the Fordham Institute found that most elementary - school teachers, at least in the early stages of common core implementation,
assigned books based on students» abilities, rather than
grade - level complexity,
as the standards state.
In fourth
grade his school classified him
as having emotional problems and
assigned him a personal aide.
While girls do
as well
as or better than boys when teachers
assign grades in all three subjects, they score significantly lower on both the math and
During this time, Florida was engaged in other education reforms
as well: instituting several school - voucher programs, increasing the number of charter schools in the state, and improving the system used to
assign grades to schools based on the FCAT.
Americans
assign far higher
grades to the public schools in their local community than to the public schools of the nation
as a whole.
However, many education researchers speak and write
as though they accept certain contingency - free causal connections — for example, that small schools are better than large ones; that time on task raises achievement; that summer school raises test scores; that school desegregation hardly affects achievement; and that
assigning and
grading homework improves achievement.
Assigning a failing
grade to a school
as a result of high - stakes testing may be politically embarrassing, but it usually has no effect on school budgets and almost never has any meaningful consequences for individual teachers.
Instead, all the 6th
grade math teachers and students operate
as a single team, and students are
assigned to teachers and modes of instruction based on daily assessments and their particular learning styles.
Similarly, teachers who act
as instructors will still need to spend time examining their students» work and the
grades that assessors
assign in order to understand their students» needs and adjust their instruction accordingly.
In these studies (separated by a year and composed of a separate set of students), seventh -
grade students at a racially diverse middle school in the northeast United States were randomly
assigned to self - affirm or not to self - affirm
as part of a brief classroom exercise.
Such assessments can be undertaken during teaching to establish how well students have learnt what they have been taught so far and to identify gaps and the need for reteaching — sometimes referred to
as «formative» assessments — or they can be undertaken at the completion of a course to determine how well students have mastered the course content and to
assign «summative»
grades.
• A different Chetty study reports that «students who were randomly
assigned to higher - quality classrooms in
grades K — 3 —
as measured by classmates» end - of - class test scores — have higher earnings, college attendance rates, and other outcomes.»
Shortly after I began teaching
as a provisionally certified elementary - school teacher, I remember counting myself lucky that I was
assigned to teach 5th
grade, since I hadn't been taught the first thing about teaching children to read.
Our survey asked parents to
assign their child's school a letter
grade, A through F. Nearly twice
as many choice parents gave their child's school an A (53 percent)
as did public - school parents (26 percent).
Fifteen elementary schools and more than 1200 children in second and fourth
grades in urban and suburban districts in Washington were
assigned to participate in the Second Step program, versus
as control, using a quasi-experimental design.
What matters for this analysis is not which student was
assigned to which teacher within the
grade, but how the movement of teachers has altered the quality of teaching in that
grade as a whole.
I addressed that fear in an 11th -
grade unit on The Merchant of Venice by having students divide an
assigned research question into three or four subtopics depending on the number of people in the group — each individual had his or her own responsibility
as the groups explored the cultural and contextual background of the play and then wrote a collaborative research paper.
Most notably, more of them give the schools a D or an F than
assign an A or a B. Only 20 percent of survey respondents give the schools in the nation
as a whole one of the two top
grades, over 50 percent give them a C, and no less than 25 percent
grade them with a D or an F. African Americans and Hispanics are even more likely than whites to give the nation's schools low marks.
«Three of the special education teachers are
assigned to self - contained classrooms for students — mostly those classified
as mildly, moderately, or severely retarded — who are functioning two or more years below
grade level.
As noted above, the Florida Department of Education uses the total number of points received (i.e., the sum of level - and growth - related points) to
assign each school a letter
grade between A and F.
As a result, the special education / inclusion teacher
assigned to
grades 3 and 4 spends roughly one - third of her time in each of three classrooms.
This attrition could reflect ordinary factors unrelated to the study, such
as students» moving out of a school's geographic zone or having to repeat a
grade,
as well
as families» responses to being
assigned to a particular class.
Parents were 50 percent more likely to
assign a
grade of B or below to a tough teacher than to a relatively easy teacher, after adjusting for the same controls
as above.
Use the paragraph students write to
assign a
grade based on their comprehension of the use of the Venn diagram and ability to use it
as a tool to write a logical paragraph.
The relationship between NAEP performance and the
grades citizens
assign their schools could easily be driven by other variables, such
as the prosperity level of the state, that influence student achievement levels and could also influence school
grades.
Florida is also a national trendsetter in education policies, such
as evaluating teachers based, in part, on test scores and
assigning schools and districts A through F letter
grades for their performance.
The organization tracks the reading habits of some 10 million US students at all
grade levels through its Accelerated Reader program, in which students record and take quizzes about books they read, both independently and
as assigned reading.
When assessment is simply seen
as a test, resulting in points scored and
grades assigning, the fundamental learning opportunities of effective assessment practices are lost; and what a tragedy this is.
For the most part, children are
assigned to a
grade level based on the year they were born and are expected to advance at roughly the same pace
as their same - aged peers across all subjects — a system that bores advanced students while others struggle to keep up.
Leonie Haimson's career
as a New York City education activist started when her older child was
assigned to a first -
grade class with 28 other students.
Performance of students in prekindergarten through
grade 12 who are
assigned to in - field program completers aggregated by student subgroups,
as defined in the federal Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), 20 U.S.C. s. 6311 (b)(2)(C)(v)(II),
as a measure of how well the program prepares teachers to work with a variety of students in Florida public schools.
In addition, individual schools are evaluated and
assigned a school
grade using the same standards and criteria
as traditional public schools.
As part of a unit on how to write effective paragraphs, a 4th
grade teacher
assigned her students to write a paragraph answering the question, «Do dogs or cats make better pets?»
The Reach Induction program and partner school will identify and
assign a mentor to each participating teacher within the first 30 days of the participating teacher's enrollment in the program, matching the mentor and participating teacher according to
grade level and / or subject area,
as appropriate to the participant's employment.
Some teachers use curves to
grade exams, whereas other teachers prefer to
assign grades with the percentages
as is.
Asked to
assign letter
grades to their children's schools, the vast majority of parents - generally around 70 percent - issue
As and Bs.
Ninth -
grade students identified
as good and poor readers were randomly
assigned to learn social studies content either with the typical textbook lessons or lessons constructed around the Frayer Model steps (Peters, 1974 — 1975).
Additionally, if there is a wide range of proficiency levels in a critical subject area such
as English, a principal may consider
assigning students based on proficiency rather than
grade level.
In his election campaign, Walker proposed
assigning letter
grades to schools based on criteria such
as graduation rates, passing rates, enrollment in advanced placement courses, test scores, and teacher and administrator evaluations.
Most assumed that a low score or
grade was probably justly
assigned and that a decision made about a student
as a result was
as defensible
as the evidence on which it was based.
Students are eligible for the program if the student's resident district is not a school district in which the pilot project scholarship program is operating and the student satisfies one of the following conditions: the student attends a local public school that has received a
grade D or F by the state's performance index score, the student is
assigned to a community school but would otherwise be
assigned to a qualifying school, the student attends a local public school that was ranked in the lowest 10 percent of public schools in two of the three most recent rankings and the public school was not declared to be excellent or effective in the most recent rating system, or the student is enrolling in
grades K — 12 for the first time and would be
assigned to a qualifying school
as long
as they are at least 5 years old by Jan. 1 of the school year.
Facing History designed this planning guide for schools that want to
assign Wonder
as a whole - school or whole -
grade read.