Somewhat smaller costs would arise for most port cities around the world (most are
at average elevations higher than Miami's).
At the average elevation of Mars I once calculated that you are looking through 27 times the amount of CO2 that you do on the Earth at sea level.
To take a simple example, the city of Miami lies
at an average elevation of only about 2 meters above sea level.
Not exact matches
At that
elevation of earnings (indeed, even when earnings have been within 20 % of that 6 % trendline), the P / E ratio for the S&P 500 has historically
averaged just 9 or 10, compared with the current level of 18.
At the current rates that the sea is rising and land is sinking, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration scientists say by 2100 the Gulf of Mexico could rise as much as 4.3 feet across this landscape, which has an
average elevation of about 3 feet.
Ruiz, who contributed to the report, noted that an analysis of weather records
at one páramo research station showed increases in minimum temperatures were almost twice that of lower
elevations, while increases in maximum temperatures jumped to nearly three times the
average at lower
elevations.
Northwestern Montana receives an
average of 9.4 inches (23.9 cm) of winter precipitation, but locally, and
at higher
elevations within the mountains, this value can increase to greater than 20 inches (50.8 cm).
At an
elevation of 2,835 meters (9,300 feet), South Pole has an
average monthly temperature in the austral summer of -28 °C -LRB--18 °F); in the austral winter, the
average monthly temperature is -60 °C -LRB--76 °F).
If calculating an
average temperature for a region, factors like station location or
elevation affect the data, but when looking
at the difference from the
average for that same location, those factors are less critical.
6» weighing in
at 198,
average kick ass build, Retired, 4 dogs, Debt Free, Long Hair, Long Beard, Wear Glasses, have my teeth & eat clean, Quote; will soon be growing everything that we eat, quote un quote & I live in the higher
elevations ie Snow Country
At present the «Kona Coffee Belt» — an area extending about 22 miles long and two miles wide from North Kona through South Kona at elevations of between 700 ′ to 2400 ′ above sea level — is home to more than 650 coffee farms with an average size of about 5 acre
At present the «Kona Coffee Belt» — an area extending about 22 miles long and two miles wide from North Kona through South Kona
at elevations of between 700 ′ to 2400 ′ above sea level — is home to more than 650 coffee farms with an average size of about 5 acre
at elevations of between 700 ′ to 2400 ′ above sea level — is home to more than 650 coffee farms with an
average size of about 5 acres.
Elevation at the Grand Canyon's South Rim
averages 7,000 feet.
The warming trends in looking
at numerous 100 year temperature plots from northern and high
elevation climate stations... i.e. warming trends in annual mean and minimum temperature
averages, winter monthly means and minimums and especially winter minimum temperatures and dewpoints... indicate climate warming that is being driven by the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere — no visible effects from other things like changes in solar radiation or the levels of cosmic rays.
If the bite fails to expand significantly, so that the
average emission
elevation does not rise, the absurd near certainty attributed to this «science» will have to be modified,
at best.
[Response: They measure something different (MSU - TLT is a weighted
average of temperatures reaching from the surface to 10 km, peaking
at around ~ 4 km and with significant influence from surface type depending on
elevation and polar latitude).
This latter region lies
at an
elevation of over 4500m on
average, meaning that there is strong warming over a significant depth in the troposphere.
1881 - 1910
at Albany (
elevation 3m, 30 years)
Average mean minimum 11.2
Average mean maximum 18.9 1921 - 1950 (30 years) / min 11.6 / max 19.8 1931 - 1960 (30 years) / min 11.7 / max 19.7 1941 - 1970 (24 years) / min 11.9 / max 19.7 1951 - 1965 (14 years) / min 12.1 / max 19.6 Relocation to Albany Airport (
elevation 68m, 12 km distance) 1961 - 1990 (26 years) / min 10.4 / max 20.3 1971 - 2000 (30 years) / min 10.6 / max 20.3 1981 - 2010 (30 years)
Average mean minimum 10.6
Average mean maximum 20
1891 - 1920
at Carnarvon Post Office (
elevation 5m, 29 years)
Average mean minimum 16.2
Average mean maximum 27.1 1921 - 1950 (30 years) / min 17.2 / max 26.8 1931 - 1950 (20 years) / min 17.4 / max 26.9 1941 - 1950 (10 years) / min 17.5 / max 26.8 Relocation to Carnarvon Airport (
elevation 4m, 2.4 km distance) 1951 - 1980 (30 years) / min 17.1 / max 26.8 1961 - 1990 (30 years) / min 17.2 / max 27.2 1971 - 2000 (30 years) / min 17.3 / max 27.5
1882 - 1910
at Bunbury Post Office (
elevation 4m, 28 years)
Average mean minimum 11.2
Average mean maximum 21.7 1921 - 1950 (28 years) / min 11.5 / max 21.8 1931 - 1956 (26 years) / min 11.4 / max 21.6 1941 - 1970 (22 years) / min 11.6 / max 21.5 1951 - 1980 (22 years) / min 12.1 / max 21.7 1965 - 1985 (21 years) / min 12.4 / max 21.9 1971 - 1985 (15 years) / min 12.5 / max 22.0
1894 - 1920
at Broome Post Office (
elevation 19m, 27 years)
Average mean minimum 21.0
Average mean maximum 31.8 1921 - 1950 (28 years) / min 21.2 / max 32.2 1931 - 1960 (21 years) / min 21.2 / max 32.4 1941 - 1953 (11 years) / min 21.1 / max 32.9 Relocation to Broome Airport (
elevation 7m, 1.6 km distance) 1941 - 1970 (30 years) / min 21.2 / max 32.2 1951 - 1980 (30 years) / min 21.2 / max 32.1 1961 - 1990 (30 years) / min 21.1 / max 32.2 1971 - 2000 (30 years) / min 21.2 / max 32.2
1898 - 1920
at Wyndham Port (
elevation 20m, 23 years)
Average mean minimum 24.2
Average mean maximum 34.1 1921 - 1950 (30 years) / min 24.2 / max 34.4 1931 - 1960 (30 years) / min 24.3 / max 35.1 1941 - 1962 (27 years) / min 24.1 / max 35.6 1951 - 1967 (17 years) / min 24.2 / max 35.8
1901 - 1930
at Laverton (
elevation 461m, 30 years surveyed)
Average mean minimum 13.2
Average mean maximum 27.3 1921 - 1950 (30 years) / min 13.2 / max 27.5 1931 - 1960 (28 years) / min 13.1 / max 27.4 1941 - 1969 (27 years) / min 13.2 / max 27.3 1951 - 1971 (18 years) / min 13.3 / max 27.3
1891 - 1920
at Esperance Post Office (
elevation 4m, 29 years)
Average mean minimum 11.3
Average mean maximum 21.2 1921 - 1950 (30 years) / min 11.4 / max 21.3 1931 - 1960 (30 years) / min 11.4 / max 21.3 1941 - 1969 (29 years) / min 11.5 / max 21.3 1951 - 1969 (19 years) / min 11.5 / max 21.3 Relocation to Esperance (
elevation 25m, 2.4 km distance) 1971 - 2000 (30 years) / min 12.0 / max 21.8 1981 - 2010 (30 years) / min 12.1 / max 21.9
1881 - 1910
at York Post Office (
elevation 174m, 28 years)
Average mean minimum 10.5
Average mean maximum 24.3 1921 - 1950 (30 years) / min 10.4 / max 24.8 1931 - 1960 (30 years) / min 10.4 / max 24.8 1941 - 1970 (30 years) / min 10.5 / max 24.9 1951 - 1980 (29 years) / min 10.4 / max 25.0 1961 - 1990 (29 years) / min 10.5 / max 25.0 1971 - 1996 (24 years) / min 10.6 / max 25.2
It uses the power output
at 30 minute intervals over 2 years and calculates the amount of hydro capacity and storage and the area that would be inundated if pairs of dams with 150 m
average elevation difference were available.
In an earlier posting, I pointed out the striking change in altitude of samples
at this site, with 13th century samples
averaging from an altitude of about 310 m. (NATO 1996, Figure 4, top panel), while modern samples all come from between 200 and 250 m. Briffa says that the
elevations of the subfossil cores are known precisely, but not the modern cores (p. 35).
Not only did Greenland Ice Sheet surface melt in 2012 occur over a bigger - than -
average area, it also began about two weeks earlier
at lower
elevations and, for any given
elevation, lasted longer.
«Calculating the annual
average temperature of the 119 temperature gauges in Nepal located
at elevations on between 72 m and 4100 m, reveals an upward trend in values from 1961 — 1996
at a rate of almost 7C per 100 years (or 0.07 C / year)»
Here is a graph of global
average annual relative humidity
at various
elevations in the atmosphere expressed in milli - bars (mb) from 300 mb to 700 mb for the period 1948 to 2008.
As proof of warmer
average temperatures in northern Europe, they cite the existence of wheat cultivation and vineyards
at latitudes and
elevations that were far higher than today.
A measurement comparing these systems demonstrates an unprecedented atomic clock instability of 1.6 × 10 ^ -18 after only 7 hours of
averaging... Clock measurement
at the 10 ^ -18 level can be used to resolve spatial and temporal fluctuations equivalent to 1 cm of
elevation in Earth's gravitational field (25 — 28), potentially impacting geodesy, hydrology, geology, and climate change studies.
In 2005 the Greenland ice sheet lost around 53 cubic miles (220 cubic kilometers) of mass — more than two times the amount it lost in 1996 (22 cubic miles, or 90 cubic kilometers).5 The melt area set a new record in 2007: it was about 60 percent larger than the previous record in 1998, and extended farther inland.7, 8 By 2007 the melt season
at elevations above 6,500 feet (2,000 meters) was a month longer than the
average from 1988 to 2006.9
The
elevation that year of CO2
at MLO above the global
average was the highest recorded in the 27 years between 1982 and 2008 - presumably as a consequence of the 1998 El Nino.
The
elevation that year of CO2
at MLO above the global
average was only 0.197 % above the global
average,
at 363.56 ppmv.
I estimate the cost and land area that would have to be inundated by pairs of hydro reservoirs, with 150 m
average elevation difference, to store sufficient energy to power Australia's eastern electricity system (NEM), if all electricity was generated by PV panels
at a single location.
For example,
average overnight temperatures can be significantly cooler
at the bottom of a valley than
at higher
elevations.
In total, 180 coastal municipalities in the conterminous U.S.A. with populations over 50,000 have an
average of 36 % of their land area
at or below 6 meters of
elevation and connected to the sea.
Is it not true that the equilibrium radiation in / out is consistent with a temperature of about 255K, which is the
average temperature
at about 5 km
elevation?