Sentences with phrase «at ecosystem levels»

Heat waves, extreme precipitation events and flooding or extreme droughts, are also what actually cause climate damage — for instance lower agricultural productivity (as during the extremely hot 2003 summer in Western Europe) or biodiversity decline at ecosystem levels ranging from aquatic desert systems to entire rainforest biomes.

And since bitcoin has a larger economy and a longer head start on solving these problems, I am not convinced that ethereum, at an ecosystem level, is more advanced than bitcoin or will be able to outpace it.

Then come complex multicellular organisms, societies of animals with new emergent properties at the ecosystem level, and, finally conscious beings who create culture, use symbolic language — and experience the first intimations of transcendence.

At the ecosystem level, the maintenance of natural areas within and around organic fields and absence of chemical inputs create suitable habitats for wildlife.

Today we take the unity for granted, from the cell and molecular level through to the interactions of different groups at the ecosystem level.

There is a possibility that at the ecosystem level the climatically - triggered changes will include abrupt state changes within the next few decades.

Attempts to extend current global models to coastal ecosystems may yield spurious results, unless these models capture other relevant processes, such as regional watershed processes and changes in landscapes at the ecosystem level, which are not tractable at the global scale.

Not exact matches

When there are strong interdependencies between different players in a product ecosystem, there can be a risk of «hold up» if a necessary part of the product bundle is not available at an attractive quality and price level.

The objective of this course is to accelerate your progress in the program and expose you to the process of experimentation at the business, strategic and ecosystem level.

The development of productive wetland ecosystems capable of supporting diverse food webs, including algae and microinvertebrates, which support biota at higher trophic levels such as fish and waterbirds.

The topics were informed by interviews with both industry and research, with some being primarily driven by advances and investment in science and technology while others require broader operational changes at the business and ecosystem level.

The broader F&A ecosystem also has an important role to play, being responsible for creating an environment that supports growth by reducing existing barriers to export, strengthening food safety and biosecurity systems, assisting with knowledge sharing and promoting Australian F&A at a national level.

c) If the required level of tree cover and / or natural ecosystems is not met at the time of the first certification audit based on this standard, a plan to attain the required level within three years of this date is established and progressively implemented5;

Agriculture, especially in its most extreme modern form of industrialized monoculture, modifies landscapes and damages the ecosystem's goods and services, including biodiversity at all levels.

The analytic reports by AAAS are the next step in achieving «a high level of credibility and reliability of the national R&D ecosystem,» said Ahmed M. Alabdulkader, Secretary General for NSTIP at the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), the national science agency.

At night, for example, water in the estuary had higher carbon dioxide, lower pH levels, and a lower saturation state from the collective «exhale» of the ecosystem.

Tropospheric or ground - level ozone is a greenhouse gas and air pollutant that, at high levels, is detrimental to human health and crop and ecosystem productivity.

There are ecosystem - level effects that only become apparent when you look at the compete system.»

Viewing things this way puts the emphasis back where it belongs: on understanding and managing ecosystems at the local and regional level.

Indeed, in both marine and terrestrial ecosystems, the big surprise is that the incursion of alien species can actually increase, rather than decrease, biodiversity at a local level.

Humans depend on high levels of ecosystem biodiversity, but due to climate change and changes in land use, biodiversity loss is now greater than at any time in human history.

Simultaneously, the bleakly reductionist view of evolution as a product of nothing more than the sum of individual self - interest, common currency in the past half - century, is softening as we consider how natural selection may work even at the level of entire ecosystems.

Findings in the paper, «Worldwide Evidence of a Unimodal Relationship between Productivity and Plant Species Richness,» reveal a consistent biological rule governing the link between plant biomass and species richness in grassland ecosystems — plant species diversity is generally greatest at intermediate levels of plant biomass.

New analysis by ecologists at UC Santa Cruz demonstrates that even higher levels of biological diversity are necessary to maintain ecosystem health in larger landscapes over long periods of time.

As soil erosion has huge impacts on ecosystems, food production, drinking water, carbon stocks and biodiversity, the EU has called for quantitative assessments of soil rates at EU level, and put soil protection at the heart of its environmental agenda.

John Beddington, professor of population biology at Imperial College, London, says that if fishing continues at today's levels, marine ecosystems will be radically altered, becoming less biologically diverse.

«There is at present too little known about how marine ecosystems function in the Arctic, let alone how they will respond to the dramatic changes in progress, to prescribe safe harvest levels for living marine resources in the U.S. Arctic,» 43 marine scientists said in a letter to the Council chair.

Glen Hood, a Ph.D. student at Notre Dame and lead author of the paper, said, «Our study has impacted our understanding of evolution by suggesting that change in individual lineages can reverberate through different trophic levels of an ecosystem and increase community - level biodiversity.»

Alex said: «For years ecologists have struggled to test or extend models of ecosystem - level change because the data were too expensive to collect at the required scales.

At the most fundamental level, the ecological footprint incorporates six measurements — city cover, carbon dioxide pollution, farm fields, fisheries, forests and rangeland — to reveal «the aggregate area of land and water ecosystems required by specified human populations to produce the ecosystem goods and services they consume and to assimilate their carbon waste.»

«Up until now, it was impossible to study the impact of probiotics on gut microbiota at a bacterial species level; from now on we will have a much more detailed view of the dynamics of this ecosystem» says Dusko Ehrlich.

Too much debate treats temperature (and especially the most recent global average) as the sole indicator, whereas many other factors are at play including sea levels, ocean acidity, ice sheets, ecosystem trends, and many more.

Even though this increases the amount of plants consumed, the plant biomass remains approximately at the same level as in species - poor ecosystems.

«The research results reveal that diversity enables the functionality of the ecosystems to be stabilized at a high level in the course of time and in different environments,» concludes Schmid.

This enables plants to maintain their level of biomass at an approximately equal level in species - poor as well as species - rich ecosystems.

«Our simulations show that species - rich ecosystems produce biomass at a relatively stable, predictable level.

«It suggests that the ability of nature to perform well at multiple levels may depend not just on the overall number of species present, but on having many distantly related species, each of which performs a particular task that keeps an ecosystem healthy and allows it to provide the multiple benefits humans value.»

Paulo Moutinho, a senior climate researcher at the Amazon Environmental Research Institute in Brasilia, says 2030 is «too late» to stop deforestation, and that the current level of 5000 square kilometers being cleared per year is still too high to preserve ecosystem services.

Referring to the possibility that natural selection may work at the level of entire ecosystems, your editorial described as «bleakly...

Around the same time, Shahid Naeem, director of Columbia University's Earth Institute Center for Environmental Sustainability in New York City, was also looking beyond species numbers to study ecosystem function, zeroing in on the diversity of species at different levels of the food web.

That level of interest is encouraging to him and other researchers because ecosystems are so complex that once certain species, functions or ecosystem processes are lost, there's no getting them back — at least not using current techniques or knowledge.

On the other hand, ecosystem productivity had either regained or exceeded its normal level a year after a climate event, regardless of plant diversity, showing that biodiversity has no effect on ecosystem resilience, at least on annual timescales.

Known as páramos, these ecosystems at more than 11,000 feet above sea level exist only in Central and South America, the majority in Colombia.

«EbA is the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services as part of an overall adaptation to help people and communities adapt to the negative effects of climate change at local, regional, and global levels.»

«These results indicate that protection of natural habitats at a watershed level, including wetlands and forests, will increase the proportion of rare species and reduce the risk of extinction, which is much greater in aquatic than in terrestrial ecosystems,» Passy said.

«By linking fisheries to ecology, we can now make informed statements about ecosystem function at a given level of fish biomass.»

«From the scientific perspective, this study suggests that ecosystem and species - level migration processes affecting population dynamics in marine environments such as the Gulf of Mexico may be operating at a larger scale than typically appreciated or examined,» Jue said.

The field of toxicology is focused on developing improved ways to identify and ameliorate the harmful effects of chemical, physical, and biological agents at all levels of biological organization, from molecules to complex ecosystems.

I study the cycles of water, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur at the process, ecosystem and global levels.

It concludes that in order to reduce the risk of infection with a «superbug», health care institutions need to take an ecosystem - level approach, rather than one that aims at fighting just one antibiotic - resistant bacteria at a time.