Their findings have been recently published in EPJ D and are particularly relevant for the development of novel applications in medicine, health care and materials processing because they involve air
at normal atmospheric pressure, which would make it cheaper than applications in inert gases or nitrogen.
«
At normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, where air is 21 percent O2, the material already contains oxygen and can not absorb more,» McKenzie explains.
A few molecules of H2O
at normal atmospheric pressure are solid when below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, liquid between 32 °F and 212 °F, and gas when above 212 °F.
While SCUBA divers can work down to about 40 meters (120 feet), the Curasub mini-submarine plunges to 309 meters (about 1,000 feet), where it can stay submerged for up to eight hours
at normal atmospheric pressure, enabling the passengers to simply step ashore after a dive.
Not exact matches
While lying in a cylindrical chamber, patients breathe in 100 percent oxygen (
normal air is about 21 percent oxygen)
at 2 to 3 times regular
atmospheric pressure, for
at least an hour.
Using a facility maintained by the Geophysical Laboratory
at the National Synchrotron Light Source
at Brookhaven National Laboratory, the team found the new form to be stable from about 2.2 million times
normal atmospheric pressure and about 80 degrees Fahrenheit to
at least 3.4 million times
atmospheric pressure and about -100 degrees Fahrenheit.
They showed that
at about 40,000 times
normal atmospheric pressure (4 gigapascals), NaFe2As2 takes on the collapsed tetragonal structure.
But recently teams have been able to observe that
at pressures of 2 - to - 3.5 million times
normal atmospheric pressure it transforms into an unexpected structure consisting of layered sheets, rather than a close - packed metal as had been predicted many years ago.
To quantify the energy change, siderite's spin transition was examined using highly sensitive spectroscopic techniques
at pressures ranging from zero to about 711,000 times
normal atmospheric pressure (72 gigapascals), and also revealed by a visible color change after the transition, indicating rearrangement of electrons.
CO2
at room temperature and
normal atmospheric pressure has a density of 1.98 g / lt.
They found that disulfide enters a superconducting state
at about -449 degrees Fahrenheit (6.2 Kelvin)
at pressures ranging from about 493,000 to about 1,698,000 times
normal atmospheric pressure (50 to 172 gigapascals).
In August 2005, the scientists reported that they created this compound by compressing buckyballs — soccer ball - shaped molecules each made of 60 carbon atoms —
at 2,200 degrees C and 200 times
normal atmospheric pressure, a process that could lend itself to mass production.
Extruded kibble gets its puffy appearance from being cooked
at such high
pressure, then being released back into
normal atmospheric pressure after cooking.
If the liquid is allowed to expand to
atmospheric pressure, it cools and partially freezes to a snowlike solid called dry ice that sublimes (passes directly into vapour without melting)
at − 78.5 °C (− 109.3 °F)
at the
pressure of the
normal atmosphere.