Now you can also look
at ocean heat content, because that's where virtually all of the 0.85 W / m2 should be going.
Rather than look at surface temperature, try looking
at ocean heat content.
The paper Cooling of the global ocean since 2003 (Loehles 2009) looks
at ocean heat content as measured by Argo.
>» Curry isn't looking
at the Ocean Heat Content now that it shows warming.
Temperatures not going the right direction so you awnt us to look
at ocean heat content instead.
Not exact matches
However, radiation changes
at the top of the atmosphere from the 1980s to 1990s, possibly related in part to the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, appear to be associated with reductions in tropical upper - level cloud cover, and are linked to changes in the energy budget
at the surface and changes in observed
ocean heat content.
«The reason this study is so exciting is that previous methods of reconstructing
ocean heat content have very large age uncertainties, [which] smooths out the more subtle features of the record,» said co-author Sarah Shackleton, a graduate student in the Severinghaus lab
at Scripps.
During 1955 — 1998 world
ocean heat content (0 — 3000 m) increased 14.5 * 10 ^ 22 J corresponding to a mean temperature increase of 0.037 C
at a rate of 0.20 Wm 2
Looking
at the grafs, i notice that
ocean heat content jumps about the time surface temperatures fall below ensemble mean.
The estimated increase of observed global
ocean heat content (over the depth range from 0 to 3000 meters) between the 1950s and 1990s is
at least one order of magnitude larger than the increase in
heat content of any other component.
We find that the difference between the
heat balance
at the top of the atmosphere and upper -
ocean heat content change is not statistically significant when accounting for observational uncertainties in
ocean measurements3, given transitions in instrumentation and sampling.
I don't need an assessment of the models
at predicting climate metrics including upper
ocean heat content.
Given those assumptions, looking
at the forcing over a long - enough multi-decadal period and seeing the temperature response gives an estimate of the transient climate response (TCR) and, additionally if an estimate of the
ocean heat content change is incorporated (which is a measure of the unrealised radiative imbalance), the ECS can be estimated too.
Dr. Pielke ends his comment with a call for «independent assessments of the skill
at these models
at predicting climate metrics including upper
ocean heat content», which of course I have no problem with
at all.
In terms of the so - called «pause», it becomes more and more clear that the current cool phase of the PDO is largely responsible for this «pause», but looking
at the continued rise in
ocean heat content, and the nice job Cowtan & Way have done interpolated Arctic temperatures, we see that the «pause», may have reflected a slowdown in the rise of tropospheric temperatures, but the energy imbalance of the climate system continues quite strongly.
The current energy imbalance
at the surface (as demonstrated by the increasing
heat content of the
oceans) implies there is
at least a further 0.5 deg C surface warming in the «pipeline».
With
ocean heat content, including the IPWP, running
at record high levels (literally off the chart), how much energy is released in this El Niño and how quickly it fills back in is of keen interest to me.
I would consider this rather «surprising», as most if not all the models do not predict that the
ocean heat content at the beginning of 2007 would be close to the value in 2000.
-LSB-...]
At any rate, the article tells you that
ocean heat content is not decreasing.
Looking
at the surface temperature and the
ocean heat content changes together though allows us to pin down the total unrealised forcing (the net radiation imbalance) and demonstrate that the models are consistent with both the surface and
ocean changes.
For hurricanes, then, you'd want to ask what the sea surface temperature, subsurface
ocean heat content, and atmospheric water vapor
content would have been if, say, fossil fuel use had been eliminated 100 years ago, and atmospheric CO2 remained
at about 300 ppm.
One thing I would have liked to see in the paper is a quantitative side - by - side comparison of sea - surface temperatures and upper
ocean heat content; all the paper says is that only «a small amount of cooling is observed
at the surface, although much less than the cooling
at depth» though they do report that it is consistent with 2 - yr cooling SST trend — but again, no actual data analysis of the SST trend is reported.
Some people looked
at parts of that work (for example, the lower right panel of Figure 1) and point out how the climate model
oceans show a smooth and pretty much unbroken increase in
heat content over the historical period.
While rereading the
ocean heat content changes by Levitus 2005
at http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/PDF/PAPERS/grlheat05.pdf a remarkable sentence was noticed: «However, the large decrease in
ocean heat content starting around 1980 suggests that internal variability of the Earth system significantly affects Earth's
heat balance on decadal time - scales.»
Gavin, you forget the Hadcm3 model tests with 10 x solar and 5 x volcanic, which found that the model probably underestimates solar variations with a factor 2... Btw, the largest changes in the
ocean heat content are found in the (sub) tropics, where insolation differences are
at their maximum.
Now I am the first to admit that 1e22 joules are a heap of joules and when someone is faced with the fact that the
ocean heat content has been rising
at a steady rate of around 1e22 joules / year since 1970, the first reaction is to say «O. M. G.!!
And nice graph of
Ocean Heat Content, which confirms that at least 90 % of the late 20th century warming was natural not anthropogenic, since the only physical climate mechanism that transfers heat into the oceans is solar radiat
Heat Content, which confirms that
at least 90 % of the late 20th century warming was natural not anthropogenic, since the only physical climate mechanism that transfers
heat into the oceans is solar radiat
heat into the
oceans is solar radiation.
Given that the most of the melting that goes on is from the underneath (i.e. under the water) and
ocean heat content is
at modern highs, and the
oceans have even released a bit less energy than average over the past 15 years, it is not a coincidence that ice would de line even faster during this period.
The three posts I linked in the text of this post, and that I linked a second time for you in my January 10, 2011
at 5:23 pm reply to you, were
Ocean Heat Content posts.
This is
at least ten additional years compared to the majority of previously published studies that have used the instrumental record in attempts to constrain the ECS.We show that the additional 10 years of data, and especially 10 years of additional
ocean heat content data, have significantly narrowed the probability density function of the ECS.
Anthropogenic GHG warming is about the Earth's energy balance, and thus, looking
at an average global near - surface temperature, or the total
ocean heat content can tell us something useful about that energy balance.
If you take the amount of crude oil extracted since 1850 (estimates vary, but maybe 200 billion tonnes = 200 * (10 ^ 9) * (10 ^ 3) kg) and multiply by the energy density of crude oil (~ 50MJ / kg) the result comes out
at about 10 ^ 22 J which is an order of magnitude lower than the increase in
ocean heat content in the upper 700m since the 1950s (~ 10 ^ 23J).
Bob Droege December 19, 2012
at 10:15 pm LIED:» Except that
Ocean heat content has about doubled in the last 16 years»
Thus 3,000 ARGO buoys do not give 3,000 independent estimates of the
ocean heat content at a particular time; each observation gives a single estimate of the temperature
at a particular location and depth.
The climate models predict that
ocean heat content is increasing
at about 0.7 × 10 ^ 22 Joules per year.
(See Hansen et al, 2005: where the increase in
ocean heat content per square meter of surface, in the upper 750m, according to typical models, is around 6.0 Watt · year / m2 per year, which converts to 0.7 × 10 ^ 22 Joules per year for the entire
ocean as explained
at Bob Tisdale's site.
The lack of a statistically significant warming trend in GMST does not mean that the planet isn't warming, firstly because GMST doesn't include the warming of the
oceans (see many posts on
ocean heat content) and secondly because a lack of a statistically significant warming trend doesn't mean that it isn't warming, just that it isn't warming
at a sufficiently high rate to rule out the possibility of there being no warming over that period.
Curry also argues that the rate of sea level rise during 1930 — 1950 was similar to that in recent years, according to the IPCC, which suggests that
ocean heat content was increasing
at a similar rate to today.
The point of Wong et al is that the
ocean heat content follows net radiant flux
at TOA.
(For example, «
ocean heat content»
at some specific level.)
The bottom line is that all available
ocean heat content data show that the
oceans and global climate continue to build up
heat at a rapid pace, consistent with the global energy imbalance observed by satellites.
Thus, we suggest that scientists and modelers who seek global warming signals should track how much
heat the
ocean is storing
at any given time, termed global
ocean heat content (OHC), as well as sea level rise (SLR).
CO2 and other greenhouse gas concentrations Cloudiness Insolation and radiation (albedo, for example) GCRs and Solar CRs Electrical charge in the atmosphere
at the poles The
heat content of the
oceans and its distribution (or lack of)
A weaker or ENSO neutral period simply means the
oceans are keeping more of their energy, and in fact,
ocean heat content has been growing in the central to western Pacific
at depths below the surface as shown in the latest ENSO weekly report:
And while indicators like
ocean heat content may respond more quickly or dramatically to the carbon emissions that cause climate change, surface temperature is more closely related to the effects of climate change — and the effects, after all, are what climate policies
at any level are intended to ease.
stevenreincarnated September 19, 2016
at 9:00 am The
ocean heat content of the N Atlantic is dropping and has been for a decade.
For example, in the Pacific, when easterlies increase in strength (as happens during the cool phase of the PDO) the net surface may cool but more
heat is being sequestered
at depth due to increased Ekman pumping, thus the net energy
content of the
ocean increases, even with a cool surface layer.
For example,
at the end of a very intense El Niño, we might see
ocean heat content dip a bit while tropospheric temperatures spike.
SST's are often, but not always, better gauges for how much
heat is leaving the
ocean on the way to the atmosphere rather than how much remains
at depth to be measured as
ocean heat content.
In a discussion with Sydney Levitus, the Lead Author of «World
ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0 — 2000 m), 1955 — 2010» I was intrigued by something he asked me to look up in the paper, which
at that time I had not read yet: