To find the right balance of moisture and temperature in a specialized type of hydrogen fuel cell, Berkeley Lab scientists have used X-rays to explore the inner workings of its components
at tiny scales.
The integrated HPCAT facility has established four operating beamlines in nine hutches An array of novel X-ray diffraction — imaging
at tiny scales — and spectroscopic techniques to reveal chemistry, has been integrated with high pressure and extreme temperature instrumentation.
The ability to probe such exquisite physical phenomena
at these tiny scales is why ORNL purchased the HERMES.»
CAN the way the universe behaves
at the tiniest scales be recreated in the lab?
At this tiny scale — called the Planck scale gravity, which is usually much weaker than the other fundamental forces, becomes very powerful.
Theoretically, you could pattern metamaterials
at that tiny scale using specialized methods like focused beams of charged atoms, but such materials would be difficult to mass - produce.
«What it takes to do things right at a bigger scale is more than it costs to do them right
at a tiny scale,» he said.
A literate Oakland addition: Another new effort, though
at the tiny scale of 400 square feet, is Gallery 2301.
In representational and abstract paintings inspired by nature, his works capture enormous subjects
at a tiny scale.
Not exact matches
At first, Renuka lacked motivation to bond with the tiny triplets; but hospital staff, who are part of a WHO research programme working to scale - up Kangaroo Mother Care in India, persuaded her to work at i
At first, Renuka lacked motivation to bond with the
tiny triplets; but hospital staff, who are part of a WHO research programme working to
scale - up Kangaroo Mother Care in India, persuaded her to work
at i
at it.
The physicists calculated that
tiny fibers called «fractals,» because they look the same when viewed
at different
scales, can trap electrons dislodged from the interior surfaces by other electrons zooming in from the plasma.
Since this whirling BEC superfluid is operating
at a quantum
scale, where
tiny distances and low temperatures reign, the physical characteristics of its rotation are not those seen in the classical world.
Researchers use the large -
scale facilities
at DESY to explore the microcosm in all its variety — ranging from the interaction of
tiny elementary particles to the behaviour of innovative nanomaterials and the vital processes that take place between biomolecules to the great mysteries of the universe.
In the quantum world, physicists study the
tiny particles that make up our classical world — neutrons, electrons, photons — either one
at a time or in small numbers because the behaviour of the particles is completely different on such a small
scale.
An imaging technique that freezes
tiny biological objects such as proteins and viruses in place so that scientists can peer into their structures
at the
scale of atoms has won its developers the 2017 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
String theory is a popular shot
at bringing together two disparate
scales — the
tiny world of quantum particles, where the standard model holds sway, and the cosmic distances over which gravity acts.
To map the minute landscape of molecules,
at scales as
tiny as just tenths of a nanometer, and help decipher their functions, structural biologists have long relied on two tools: nuclear magnetic resonance, or NMR, spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.
To study the snakes as they moved through sand, Sharpe — from Georgia Tech's Interdisciplinary Bioengineering Program — and undergraduate Robyn Kuckuk, from the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
at Georgia Tech and Emory University, glued
tiny lead markers onto the
scales of the snakes.
Researchers have touted nanotechnology — an array of techniques that allow the manipulation of matter
at the atomic
scale — as the next big thing, producing everything from better materials to
tiny robots.
It can be easily distinguished by its spherical acorns covered with a dense pattern of irregularly placed
scales that completely conceal the nut, except for a
tiny opening
at the top, and which are arranged in dense clusters on upright spikes.
Such stacking results in properties vastly different from those of the parent layers, allowing for customized electronic engineering
at the
tiniest possible
scale.
Taking child's play with building blocks to a whole new level - the nanometer
scale - scientists
at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have constructed 3D «superlattice» multicomponent nanoparticle arrays where the arrangement of particles is driven by the shape of the
tiny building blocks.
«If we are successful, the
tiny size and massive
scale of this device could provide the opportunity for transformational interfaces to the brain, including direct interfaces to the visual cortex that would allow patients who have lost their sight to discriminate complex patterns
at unprecedented resolutions.
However, by combining the capabilities of the Surface Forces Apparatus (SFA)-- a device that can measure the
tiny forces generated by the interaction of two surfaces
at the sub-nano
scale — and simultaneous imaging using a fluorescence microscope, the researchers were able to see in real time how the cell membranes rearrange in order to connect and open a fusion conduit between them.
Vuletic says that
at the nanoscale, friction may exact a greater force — for instance, creating wear and tear on
tiny motors much faster than occurs
at larger
scales.
Catherine Carr, a neuroscientist
at the University of Maryland, College Park, agrees that the study is «very exciting» — particularly because the katydids have overcome the problem of impedance matching «on such a
tiny scale.»
The technique, developed by researchers
at Sheffield University, uses the phenomenon of laser «speckle»: no surface is uniformly smooth
at the atomic
scale and, when laser light reflects off it, the roughness caused by the individual atoms creates interference in the wavefronts so that the reflected light seems to scintillate, with
tiny bright and dark patches.
But this description starts to fall down on the
tiniest scales, and the search is on for a new theory that describes gravity
at the quantum level and unites it with the other forces.
He and his colleagues plan an experiment that will attempt to measure how information, matter and spacetime behave
at the
tiniest of
scales — the Planck
scale.
Some of these properties are so short - lived and occur
at such
tiny scales that they remain shrouded in mystery.
«On the sun, these large
scale energy releases are driven by small
scale physical processes,» said Clarence Korendyke, principal investigator for VERIS
at the United States Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C. «So we need to look
at and understand the
tiny details of those processes.»
Cosmologists expected these
tiny temperature differences to be distributed
at random, but in 2003, when NASA's Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) satellite surveyed the CMB and mapped the fluctuations
at different
scales, some unexpected patterns emerged.
«We're trying to see the process
at extremely
tiny length
scales, and this is the first time we're getting a spatial resolution that even approaches that.
But A.C.T. officials downplayed the signficance of the
tiny rise — a tenth of a point on a
scale of 36 — and standardized - test critics voiced alarm
at test results showing a slight increase in the «gender gap» between male and female students.
First, the report is a small -
scale pilot study of assignments
at six middle schools in two urban districts — a
tiny and unrepresentative sample.
However that is a
tiny fraction of the water we actually consume because it takes 250 - 650 gallons of water to grow a pound of rice, 130 gallons to grow a pound of wheat, 65 gallons to grow a pound of potatoes, 3,000 gallons to make a quarter - pound burger (assuming the cow is grain fed) and 500 - 1,000 gallons to create a quart of milk, a pound of sugar can take 400 gallons of water to grow and a pound of coffee tips the
scales at 2,650 gallons of water!
If he were
tinier a handful of nuts could satisfy him, but
at his
scale one's appetites also get larger.
While technically true, it's also largely irrelevant, because those «extra» dollars — even if they add up to a significant total — only end up going to a
tiny handful of authors
at the very top of traditional - publishing's pay
scale.
The fund is
tiny, mediocre and running
at a loss of.68 %, so this is a marketing move rather than an adjustment to the economies of
scale.
With Carl the Crab
at your side, you'll craft tools, fend off threatening creatures, and catch and collect food you'll cook up yourself — all in the effort of surviving on your
tiny room -
scale - sized desert island.
Margaret Gould Stewart, Facebook's director of product design, outlines three rules for design
at such a massive
scale — one so big that the
tiniest of tweaks can cause global outrage, but also so large that the subtlest of improvements can positively impact the lives of many.
At that time, she was painting small
scale works, painted in Maine and New York City, landscapes combined with still lifes and goldfish using
tiny triple 000 sable brushes.
Previously known for mixed - media paintings (seen last year
at Mier Gallery in L.A.), the Brooklyn - born artist debuts a single, large -
scale sculpture that is intended to appear too large for the
tiny, one - room gallery.
When David Hockney exhibited his 12 - metre - wide landscape «Bigger Trees Near Warter»
at the Royal Academy's 2007 Summer Exhibition, he gave the world a glimpse of a
tiny corner of East Yorkshire, albeit on a monumental
scale.
The artist Louise Fishman, primarily known for her large -
scale abstract paintings, is the subject of two forthcoming exhibitions: «Louise Fishman: A Retrospective,» a fifty - year survey show
at the Neuberger Museum of Art
at SUNY Purchase, opening on April 3, 2016, and running through July 31, 2016; and «Paper Louise
Tiny Fishman Rock,» an idiosyncratic presentation -LSB-...]
Then, in that
tiny incarnation, as in its subsequent, full -
scale, «recalled» versions — most recently in Chaimowicz's solo show, «An Autumn Lexicon»,
at London's Serpentine Gallery last year (where it was also first shown)-- it produced the same effect: it is an oblique glimpse of itself.
Look
at these images in reproduction, on a
tiny scale in the comfort of your own home, and they may well appear absurd, the white hawthorn bursting out in great maggoty slugs, the shadows making glove puppet bunnies.
Other featured artists include Anita Arliss, whose mixed - media canvases are included in the permanent art installations
at Hartsfield - Jackson Atlanta International Airport; Bethany Collins, who recently completed a residency
at the Studio Museum in Harlem; and Justin Rabideau, who salvages wood from new construction sites and houses on the verge of collapse to create
scaled pieces — from very
tiny wall pieces to very large installations and large -
scale sculptures — for his brightly - colored «Shim» series.
You can be either captured by the majesty or
tiny intricacies of
scale but also be surprised
at the unexpected touches.
How Richter evolved from his earlier photo - based paintings to the Abstraktes Bilds is lesser known, however, and this painting (one of his earliest abstractions) is a key in that transition: to make it he put an earlier canvas under the microscope and painted a
tiny square of it
at greatly expanded
scale.