Sentences with phrase «atmosphere by cycling»

That's because volcanic outgassing helps a planet maintain moderate, life - inviting temperatures, regulating the atmosphere by cycling gases such as carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the mantle.

Not exact matches

Science questions the answers, e.g. hurricanes are caused by warm moist ocean air being drawn up into the cooler atmosphere and creating a wind pattern though we are still open to consider other factors that may have influence on this cycle.

In addition, plants also release oxygen to the atmosphere, which is subsequently used for respiration by heterotrophic organisms, forming a cycle.

Plankton plays an important role in the ocean's carbon cycle by removing half of all CO2 from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and storing it deep under the sea — isolated from the atmosphere for centuries.

Furthermore, while the deep wind is stable, in the upper atmosphere the speed and width of the equatorial stream are highly changeable, perhaps due to the seasonal insolation cycle on Saturn, and their intensity is increased by the changing shadowing of the rings above the equator.

Curiously, the decline in atmospheric oxygen over the past 800,000 years was not accompanied by any significant increase in the average amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, though carbon dioxide concentrations do vary over individual ice age cycles.

The researchers are particularly interested in the carbon cycle, the uptake of CO2 by plants as they grow and the recycling of some of this carbon back into the atmosphere via respiration.

«The resulting six-fold increase in oxygen would have significantly influenced biogeochemical cycling of [oxidation] sensitive elements such as [iron] and [sulfur] and ultimately increased the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere,» the team writes in a paper published online today by the journal Science.

«More nitrogen has to come from somewhere to resupply both the nitrogen ice that is moving around Pluto's surface in seasonal cycles, and the nitrogen that is escaping off the top of the atmosphere as the result of heating by ultraviolet light from the Sun,» said Singer.

A new study led by The Australian National University (ANU) has found seawater cycles throughout Earth's interior down to 2,900 km, much deeper than previously thought, reopening questions about how the atmosphere and oceans formed.

Solar cycle peaks are normally preceded by bright disturbances in the sun's wispy outer atmosphere or corona.

A detailed, long - term ocean temperature record derived from corals on Christmas Island in Kiribati and other islands in the tropical Pacific shows that the extreme warmth of recent El Niño events reflects not just the natural ocean - atmosphere cycle but a new factor: global warming caused by human activity.

The apparent rise in evapotranspiration — the process by which water is transferred from the land to the atmosphere by evaporation from plants and soil — is increasing potential drought risk with rising temperature trends, especially during periodic drought cycles that have been linked with strong El Nino events.

In its oxidised state, carbon forms the greenhouse gas CO2, which is removed from Earth's atmosphere especially by the silicate - carbonate cycle, which acts like a thermostat.

My rather old (1994) carbon cycle chart shows 111 GtC turned into biomass each year (61 land 50 ocean) compared to 750 in the atmosphere and 5.5 added to the atmosphere by human activity.

Warming oceans produced a third positive feedback cycle by pumping more moisture into the atmosphere.

3 By making mathematical models of the carbon cycle in order to understand how oxygen — critical for large, complex organisms — was able to build up in the atmosphere because of changes in how organic matter decays;

However, most of the surface features unveiled by Hubble, including the prominent northern polar cap, are likely produced by the complex distribution of frosts that migrate across Pluto's surface with its orbital and seasonal cycles and chemical byproducts deposited out of Pluto's nitrogen - methane atmosphere.

The study does not address whether Proxima Centauri's activity cycle would affect the potential habitability of the planet Proxima b. Theory suggests that flares or a stellar wind, both of which are driven by magnetic fields, could scour the planet and strip away any atmosphere.

The carbon cycle defines the fate of CO2 injected into the air by fossil fuel burning [1], [168] as the additional CO2 distributes itself over time among surface carbon reservoirs: the atmosphere, ocean, soil, and biosphere.

LINGSAR TERRACES CYCLING TOUR (6 hours) This tour promises you the green terraces atmosphere that surrounded by mountainous views with unspoiled air that very good for all of you.

This could be explained by the role of the greenhouse gas CO2, which varies in abundance in the atmosphere in sync with the glacial cycles and thus acts as a «globaliser» of glacial cycles, as it is well - mixed throughout the atmosphere.

The airborne fraction of new carbon added to the system drifts down from 15 - 25 % after equilibration between the atmosphere and the ocean but before neutralization by the CaCO3 cycle and ultimate recovery by the silicate weathering CO2 thermostat.

If he understood this, he would understand how humans have disrupted the carbon cycle — we are releasing carbon from long - term storage by burning fossil fuels, which is causing an imbalance in the cycle and is leading to a build of carbon in the atmosphere.

One should also pay attention to other greenhouse gases, particularly methane (from rice paddies, ruminant animal digestive processes, industrial processes, and distributed natural sources, some of which could be triggered to large releases by warming) and nitrous oxide (from the nitrogen cycle linking the atmosphere, plants, and bacteria, now exacerbated by extremely heavy use of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture; note, as does Vaclav Smil from the University of Manitoba, that fertilizer use is required to feed half the world's current population.

Based on findings related to oceanic acidity levels during the PETM and on calculations about the cycling of carbon among the oceans, air, plants and soil, Dickens and co-authors Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii and James Zachos of the University of California - Santa Cruz determined that the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased by about 70 percent during the PETM.

We know that the number of tropical cyclones is influenced by several factors: the seasonal cycle, the geography, ocean temperatures and the wind structure in the atmosphere.

To make any sense, the net emissions by humans have to be compared with the net uptake by oceans and forests and atmosphere, not with the turnover rate of a cycle, which is an irrelevant comparison.

To achieve such a cycle, BNO (S) must at a minimum warm the surface and atmosphere of the planet by a total of 0.31 °C during 1970 - 99 which would require more than perhaps 20 ZJ during the warming phase, equally divided between the first half and the last half of this 1970 - 99 period.

This is in principle wrong because there are CO2 and CH4 natural cycle mechanisms that determine the concentration of these gases in the atmosphere and these mechanisms might be driven by the sun.

Roger Revelle, one of the pioneering researchers in the study of the human influence on the atmosphere, carbon cycle and climate, gave a prescient lecture on carbon dioxide, climate and the oceans in 1980 that was recorded by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and now surfaces via the Web site Climate Science TV.

Is the rather definitive statement that «The increased activity since 1995 is due to natural fluctuations (and) cycles of hurricane activity driven by the Atlantic Ocean itself along with the atmosphere above it and not enhanced substantially by global warming» at all supportable?

Generally, the carbon cycle is balanced enough such that the amount of carbon put into the atmosphere by all sources is equal to the amount taken out through natural feedback processes.

Just as there is no «33 °C warming by greenhouse gases from the minus 18 °C it would be without them» — when the real blanket which slows heat loss is reinstated — the heavy voluminous fluid ocean atmosphere of real gas, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, and when the Water Cycle is reinstated.

The «warming» of the troposphere as measured by sensible heat is only one very small part of the energy in the overall climate system, and the part with the very lowest thermal inertia and very sensitive to very small changes in ocean to atmosphere sensible and latent heat flux such as we see in the ENSO cycle.

We can only be sure that we are right if someone can explain how such a large influence on the atmosphere can be produced by comparatively small changes in the energy output of the Sun during the solar cycle.

And use simple math: If you add 8 units of any kind per time unit to any reservoir (fountain, lake, atmosphere), and you see that the reservoir increases with 4 units per time unit, no matter how much is cycling through the system in and out, any net addition by all cycles together simply is impossible...

These methods have been significantly improved by fully coupling the hydrologic cycle among land, lake, and atmosphere.94, 95 Without accounting for that cycle of interactions, a study96 concluded that increases in precipitation would be negated by increases in winter evaporation from less ice cover and by increases in summer evaporation and evapotranspiration from warmer air temperatures, under a scenario of continued increases in global emissions (SRES A2 scenario).

«These forests matter to the rest of us on Earth because of how they help regulate climate by keeping carbon in the soil and in the trees and out of the atmosphere,» says Peter Griffith, founding director of NASA's Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Office.

Coby, if the earth is warming as a result of increased periodic solar activity (or some other more complex reason) as suggested by the long term cycles mentioned above measured before man was on earth or industrialized, is it posssible that the observed increases in CO2 in the atmosphere are simply coming from warmer oceans, since liquids can not hold as much gas at a higher temperature than they can at lower temperature?

Foreword by Dr, F, James Rutherford American association for the Advancement of Science «Astronomical Cycle: Scientists believe astronomical cycles touch off changes in the ocean - Atmosphere system that drives the world's climate.

The global surface temperature increase since about 1860 corresponds to a recovery from the Little Ice Age, modulated by natural ocean and atmosphere cycles, without need for additional forcing by greenhouse gases.

This makes the environment self correcting within a different range, and given that CO2 produces net positives which are consistently retained, the environment does not snap back into place the original system by removing the CO2 from the atmosphere and reinstating a homeostatic process to continue the cycle.

The decadal LOD variations (e.g., approx. 4 ms around 1900; Hide et al. 2000) are too large in amplitude to be explained by the atmosphere; the largest atmospheric contributions observed are from the seasonal cycle and El Niño events (approx. 1 ms in amplitude).

We can expect the effect of a couple of low solar cycles to be softened by a proportion of that excess heat returning to space via the atmosphere warming it on the way.

By Amber Bentley (Aged 11) In just 16 pages, this wonderful book covers the structure of the atmosphere, solar radiation, the water cycle, clouds, fronts, convection, air pressure, air masses, the global atmospheric circulation, making weather observations, forecasting, synoptic charts, hurricanes, regional climate, palaeoclimates and anthropogenic climate change.

«The additional burden of CO2 added to the atmosphere by human activities... leads to the current «perturbed» global carbon cycle... These perturbations to the natural carbon cycle are the dominant driver of climate change because of their persistent effect on the atmosphere.»

In the geosciences, the processes by which radiocarbon is produced and cycled through the oceans, atmosphere, and biosphere are broadly understood but there is significant variability in radiocarbon concentrations over space and time.

During that same period, average annual rainfall in New South Wales declined by 3.6 inches (92 millimeters).3 Scientists think the decline in autumn rainfall in southeast Australia since the late 1950s may be partly due to increases in heat - trapping gases in Earth's atmosphere.3, 14 Major bushfires over southeast Australia are linked to the positive phase of an ocean cycle called the «Indian Ocean Dipole» — when sea surface temperatures are warmer than average in the western Indian Ocean, likely in response to global warming.15, 16

I also think that this scenario is precluded by the measurement of the CO2 cycle's Impulse Response Function to extra CO2 added to the atmosphere (as I have argued before).