Sentences with phrase «atmospheric aerosols using»

Alexandrov, M.D., B.E. Carlson, A.A. Lacis, and B. Cairns, 2005: Remote sensing of fine and coarse mode atmospheric aerosols using ground - based sun - photometry.

Not exact matches

Using different instruments, satellites can measure atmospheric aerosol levels, ground elevations, and more.

Albedo modification might also work by using aerosols to seed cloud formation in a lower atmospheric layer called the troposphere.

That's the conclusion of a team of scientists using a new approach to study tiny atmospheric particles called aerosols that can influence climate by absorbing or reflecting sunlight and seeding clouds.

Scientists use data from the SGP to learn about cloud, aerosol, and atmospheric processes, which in turn leads to improvements in models of the Earth's climate.

Measurements from these sensors would be used to derive properties of atmospheric aerosols, clouds, and oceanic constituents.

This diagram shows types, and size distribution in micrometres, of atmospheric particulate matter This animation shows aerosol optical thickness of emitted and transported key tropospheric aerosols from 17 August 2006 to 10 April 2007, from a 10 km resolution GEOS - 5 «nature run» using the GOCART model.

Because small - scale climate features, such as clouds and atmospheric aerosol particles, have a large impact on global climate, it's important to improve the methods used to represent those climate features in the models.

PNNL is using an integrative research approach that draws on our depth and breadth of capabilities in atmospheric chemistry, climate physics, modeling, and measurement to address critical scientific questions related to the role of aerosols in the climate system.

Scientists are using airborne observations of atmospheric trace gases, aerosols, and cloud properties from the North Slopes of Alaska to improve their understanding of global climate, with the goal of reducing the uncertainty in global and regional climate simulations and projections.

This method tries to maximize using pure observations to find the temperature change and the forcing (you might need a model to constrain some of the forcings, but there's a lot of uncertainty about how the surface and atmospheric albedo changed during glacial times... a lot of studies only look at dust and not other aerosols, there is a lot of uncertainty about vegetation change, etc).

There are elements of climate science that can be addressed using these methods, notably in atmospheric chemistry and the physics and chemistry of aerosol and cloud particles.

The important point here is that a small external forcing (orbital for ice - ages, or GHG plus aerosols & land use changes in the modern context) can be strongly amplified by the positive feedback mechanism (the strongest and quickest is atmospheric water vapor - a strong GHG, and has already been observed to increase.

Greenhouse gases are well mixed and have an effect globally, other forcings may be more regional (aerosols, land use) but they can still have far field affects due to the nature of the atmospheric circulation.

Based on NASA's CMIP5 forcing model, year 2012 has a greenhouse forcing of 3.54 Wm2, ozone has 0.45 Wm2, atmospheric aerosols have -0.89 Wm2 combined direct / indirect, and land use has -0.19 Wm2, all based on iRF.

We have performed such experiments for the principal greenhouse gases, clouds, and aerosols using the [Goddard Institute] climate model by systematically inserting, or taking out, each atmospheric constituent one at a time, and recording the corresponding radiative flux change.

Pollutant gas and aerosol emissions levels in the reference scenario were checked for consistency by estimating regional surface particulate and ozone levels using the MOZART atmospheric chemistry model.

However, I am not a «warmista» by any means — we do not know how to properly quantify the albedo of aerosols, including clouds, with their consequent negative feedback effects in any of the climate sensitivity models as yet — and all models in the ensemble used by the «warmistas» are indicating the sensitivities (to atmospheric CO2 increase) are too high, by factors ranging from 2 to 4: which could indicate that climate sensitivity to a doubling of current CO2 concentrations will be of the order of 1 degree C or less outside the equatorial regions (none or very little in the equatorial regions)- i.e. an outcome which will likely be beneficial to all of us.

In turn, these optical depths may be used to derive information about the column abundances of ozone and water vapor, as well as aerosol and other atmospheric constituents.

In particular, I think it would be interesting to use a complex atmospheric chemistry component to allow for spatial variation in the forcing reduction through sulphate aerosols: increase the aerosol optical depth over one source country, for example, and let it disperse over time.

Using water to represent the atmosphere and milk droplets to represent aerosols, students make predictions and conduct investigations to discover how different aerosol concentrations affect atmospheric color and visibility.

We know there are effects from land use change and we know we have added to atmospheric backscatter of solar radiation from particulates (sulfate aerosols, dust from agriculture...) but we are no longer certain of the net sign of anthropogenic temperature change.

Using tools located in EMSL, PNNL scientists analyzed the molecular composition of atmospheric organic aerosols, or OA.

The term Earth System Model is a little ambiguous with some people reserving that for models that include a carbon cycle, and others (including me) using it more generally to denote models with more interactive components than used in more standard (AR4 - style) GCMs (i.e. atmospheric chemistry, aerosols, ice sheets, dynamic vegetation etc.).

Zhanqing Li, lead author of a paper published in Nature Geoscience and University of Maryland atmospheric scientist, says, «Using a 10 - year dataset of atmospheric measurements, we have uncovered the long - term, net impact of aerosols on cloud height and thickness and the resulting changes in precipitation frequency and intensity.»

The highly toxic materials being used in the ongoing atmospheric aerosol spraying programs all settle down through the air column, this makes geoengineering a form of biological warfare as well.

Compute the surface radiative forcing and its amplification by the atmospheric warming in a manner following Myhre and Stordal 1997, using gridded global fields of of the input variables obtained from observations (e.g. the ECMWF reanalysis, ISCCP clouds, satellite ozone, some sort of aerosol optical depth from satellite.