Sentences with phrase «atmospheric concentrations at»

Nor are the commitments that have been made even remotely consistent with stabilizing atmospheric concentrations at anywhere close to 2 degrees Celsius, much less 1.5.

As we have seen above, to stabilize atmospheric concentrations at levels that will avoid dangerous climate change the entire world will need to peak its emissions in the next few years followed by emissions reductions at hard to imagine rates over the next 30 years.

and, (d) Whether those causing climate change have obligations to act now because if the world waits to act until all uncertainties are resolved it will likely be too late to prevent catastrophic impacts to others and to stabilize greenhouse gas atmospheric concentrations at safe levels?

Stabilizing atmospheric concentrations at levels that will avoid dangerous climate change requires immediate action.

Given the growing urgency of the need to rapidly reduce global greenhouse gas emissions and the hard - to - imagine magnitude of global emissions reductions needed to stabilize atmospheric concentrations at reasonably safe levels, the failure of many engaged in climate change controversies to see the practical significance of understanding climate change as an ethical problem must be seen as a huge human tragedy.

No national policy on climate change is ethically acceptable unless it, in combination with fair levels of greenhouse gas emissions from other countries, leads to stabilizing greenhouse gas atmospheric concentrations at levels that prevent harm to those around the world who are most vulnerable to climate change.

This is true because most mainstream scientists have concluded that the world must reduce total global emissions by at the very least 60 to 80 percent below existing levels to stabilize GHG atmospheric concentrations at minimally safe atmospheric GHG concentrations and the United States is a huge emitter both in historical terms and in comparison to current emissions levels of other high emitting nations.

The stars and labels indicate atmospheric concentrations at year 2000.

This would be helpful in calculating the atmospheric concentration at which CO2 would cease to increase if emissions were naturally (or forcibly) capped at X % higher levels than today.

Some analysts calculate that to keep carbon emissions at today's rate (ie to keep the rate of increase in atmospheric concentration at today's rate) will cost one to two percent of GNP.

Not exact matches

At the present time, the concentration is about 390 ppm, 0.039 percent of all atmospheric molecules and less than 1 percent of that in our breath.

At a Feb. 7 hearing of Juliana, et al v. United States of America, et al — a case a group of kids, young adults and environmentalists brought in 2015 against the U.S. government — Frank Volpe said he didn't know whether carbon dioxide levels had reached 400 parts per million, a measurement of atmospheric concentration.

«While concentrations measured in Antarctic ice cores are very low, the records show that atmospheric concentrations and deposition rates increased approximately six-fold in the late 1880s, coincident with the start of mining at Broken Hill in southern Australia and smelting at nearby Port Pirie.»

Even though the information of the exact species present in the monitored area and pollen release patterns of the individual species are far from complete, Peel and his colleagues conclude that the best way to explain the three concentration patterns is to look at the succession of different grass species with different diurnal flowering patterns which dominate the atmospheric pollen loads as the season progresses.

In 1958, Scripps Institution climatologist Charles Keeling began making precise measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations at Mauna Loa Observatory.

Moreover, these measurements were made at concentrations of sulfuric acid and dimethylamine corresponding to atmospheric levels (less than 1 molecule of sulfuric acid per 1 x 1013 molecules of air).

James McCarthy, professor of biological oceanography at Harvard, says this summer's record heat and dryness could have occurred with lower atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations — but it would have been highly unlikely.

«Which of those is correct at this stage is unknown, but the droughts being driven by atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations is in line with some of these global circulation models,» Lewis said.

To get a global look at methane concentrations before, during, and after the plateau, the team amassed atmospheric methane concentration data from measuring stations from Canada to China to Australia, spanning a period from 1984 through 2015.

Since 1956, when the monitoring of atmospheric CO2 concentrations began at Mauna Loa Observatory (MLO), many more stations have been added to measure the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and how it varies seasonally and geographically.

«We then combined and analyzed the data for each intersection to create high - resolution maps of pollutant concentrations along the blocks,» said Choi, an assistant professor of environmental atmospheric sciences at South Korea's Pusan National University.

A proposal we had co-authored with Chet Spicer (Battelle, Columbus, Ohio) to directly measure gaseous halogen concentrations by using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry in the early arctic spring was gratuitously funded at the eleventh hour, and Finlayson - Pitts asked me to participate in the field work despite the fact that I had no previous experience in field research.

The inset map is a computer model of Asian mercury emissions across the Pacific Ocean at an altitude of 20,000 feet in April 2004, while atmospheric chemist Dan Jaffe was picking up significant mercury readings on Mount Bachelor (the highest concentrations are in red).

Already, atmospheric concentrations of just CO2 have reached 400 ppm at times and all greenhouse gases put together are now at 430 ppm.

To verify emissions from the San Juan and Four Corners coal - fired power plants, the Los Alamos team deployed ground - based solar spectrometers and point sensors to measure atmospheric concentrations of gases at a site close to these power plants.

The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, a critical greenhouse gas, is higher than it has been for at least 650,000 years.

On May 9, instruments atop Hawaii's Mauna Loa volcano pegged the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2)-- the gas that contributes most to global warming — at slightly above 400 parts per million (ppm).

Even if Lackner was able to deploy his millions of artificial trees employing this resin, it would take decades at least to restore pre-industrial atmospheric concentrations of CO2.

At the end of these glaciations, considerable rise in marine arsenic concentrations concurred with rapid demise of atmospheric oxygen.

At the same time, even if California meets its ambitious target, it may not make a huge dent in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases causing climate change.

Patrick Crill, an American biogeochemist at Stockholm University, says ice core data from the past 800,000 years, covering about eight glacial and interglacial cycles, show atmospheric methane concentrations between 350 and 800 parts per billion in glacial and interglacial periods, respectively.

«Changes in ocean conditions that affect fish stocks, such as temperature and oxygen concentration, are strongly related to atmospheric warming and carbon emissions,» said author Thomas Frölicher, principal investigator at the Nippon Foundation - Nereus Program and senior scientist at ETH Zürich.

Cutting - edge techniques enabled the researchers to detect the presence of gases even at part - per - trillion levels, one million times less concentrated than atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

Just last month, the World Meteorological Organization reported that atmospheric CO2 concentrations are still rising at an unprecedented pace, despite the plateau in emissions over the last few years (Climatewire, Oct. 31).

But this also means that targets such as stabilizing atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 450 parts per million (nearly double preindustrial levels) to avoid more than a 3.6 degree F (2 degree C) temperature rise are nearly impossible as well.

«Global climate change involves not just a warming planet, but also increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations and changes in rainfall,» said lead author Lauren Smith - Ramesh, a postdoctoral fellow at NIMBioS.

«In the sense of reducing atmospheric CO2 concentrations, it is actually a good thing that these old trees are kicking into life again,» says Jinbao Li of the Tree Ring Lab at Columbia University in Palisades, New York.

While ECS is the equilibrium global mean temperature change that eventually results from atmospheric CO2 doubling, the smaller TCR refers to the global mean temperature change that is realised at the time of CO2 doubling under an idealised scenario in which CO2 concentrations increase by 1 % yr — 1 (Cubasch et al., 2001; see also Section 8.6.2.1).

Previous recipients of the prize include the godfather of climate modelling, Syukuro Manabe, from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Norway's former Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, and Charles Keeling from the University of California at San Diego who gave his name to the famous Keeling curve of atmospheric CO2 concentration measurements.

In one sentence: Scientists at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory determined that high concentrations of nitrogen oxides influence the creation of the brown haze that hangs over the world's megacities, providing new insights that can create higher accuracy climate and atmospheric models.

If we manage to stabilize CO2 levels at 450 ppmv (the atmospheric CO2 concentration as of 2010 is about 390 ppmv), according to the best estimate, we have a probability of less than 50 % of meeting the 2 °C target.

It was at that time that atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations stopped following the periodic pattern of the Milankovitch cycles.

For example, changes in Earth's atmospheric composition (especially the concentrations of greenhouse gases) may alter the climate, while climate change itself can change the atmospheric composition (for example by changing the rate at which weathering removes CO2).

Current atmospheric CO2 concentrations are probably the highest that Earth has experienced over at least the past three - million years.

One recent study examining the Palaeocene — Eocene Thermal Maximum (about 55 million years ago), during which the planet warmed 5 - 9 °C, found that «At accepted values for the climate sensitivity to a doubling of the atmospheric CO2 concentration, this rise in CO2 can explain only between 1 and 3.5 °C of the warming inferred from proxy records» (Zeebe 2009).

If we pin atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration to right about 300 to 320 ppm, we are looking at 20 - 30 thousand years of stable climate, with huge fresh water reserves, and we are only about half way into a global mass extinction.

For the first time, the atmospheric CO2 concentration at Mauna Loa stayed above the symbolic milestone of 400ppm for the full year in 2016, including September's seasonal low.

A new NASA study provides space - based evidence that Earth's tropical regions were the cause of the largest annual increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration seen in at least 2,000 years.

The Pallas research infrastructure has been extensively instrumented for modern and versatile monitoring of the environment since the start of continuous monitoring of atmospheric sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations at Sammaltunturi in September 1991, and with the setup of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) station in 1994.

As the word «accumulated» implies, atmospheric CO2 concentration at any point in time is the result of * past emissions *, and since we don't have a time machine or a magic wand to change the past, people in the real world have to deal with * future emissions *.