The Sahara off - road experience was kept to a basic dirt trail on the approach to a hilltop site where Jeep had some Rubicons prepared for us to hop into (the turbo - four is excellent for crawling, offering the sort of predictable and smooth power delivery needed to keep everything shiny without worries about
atmospheric loss at altitude).
«Even a weak electric wind could still play a role in water and
atmospheric loss at any planet,» said Alex Glocer of NASA Goddard, a co-author on the paper.
«Even a weak electric wind could still play a role in water and
atmospheric loss at any planet,» said Dr Alex Glocer of NASA Goddard, a co-author on the paper.
Not exact matches
An increasing body of research reveals that these weather events can be linked to
loss of sea ice in the Arctic, said Charles Greene, professor of earth and
atmospheric sciences
at Cornell University, who contributed to the article.
Instead it reveals bumps that could indicate a
loss of OH, according to research presented
at the AGU conference by Alexander Turner, a graduate student in
atmospheric chemistry
at Harvard University.
At Mars, they are thought to be one possible mechanism for driving
atmospheric loss.
«We are beginning to see the links in a chain that begins with solar - driven processes acting on gas in the upper atmosphere and leads to
atmospheric loss,» said Bruce Jakosky, MAVEN principal investigator with the Laboratory for
Atmospheric and Space Physics
at the University of Colorado, Boulder.
With a larger sample, planets
at varying stages of
atmospheric loss will be found that confirm whether or not the majority of close in rocky planets are the burnt embers leftover of gas giants who ventured to close to their host stars.
«I predict that due to the
loss of these
atmospheric whirlpools, the average temperature on Jupiter will change by as much as 10 degrees Celsius, getting warmer near the equator and cooler
at the poles,» says Marcus.
«Controlling black carbon may be the only way of preventing the
loss of the Arctic completely,» said Mark Jacobson, an
atmospheric scientist who researches air pollution and climate change
at Stanford University.
But from an email conversation with Francis, Vavrus, and several other
atmospheric scientists this week, it became clear that there may be more questions than answers
at this point, given the large amount of natural variability that affects winter weather patterns, and the very short observational record of how the atmosphere responded to extreme
losses of sea ice (only five winters of records since 2007).
Scientists usually say Mars must have had a thicker atmosphere in the past that was lost to space; NASA's MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) spacecraft is
at the Red Planet looking
at atmospheric loss.
Director / co-writer Marcin Wrona's final feature (he ended his life
at a recent festival where the film was playing) offers a spooky,
atmospheric rumination on cultural
loss.
The choice of works is very deliberate with the exhibition broken down into seven themes: Beauty, Power and Space, which looks
at each artist's engagement with the sublime, a theme central to English Romantic art but which survived through the modernist movement and is a key feature of Twombly's paintings; Atmosphere, which considers the ways in which the three artists paint land and sea through a filter of
atmospheric conditions; Naught so Sweet as Melancholy, named after a phrase in Robert Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, where the theme of
loss and memorialisation are central concerns; The Seasons which reflects upon the passage of time; Fire and Water where all three artists evince the power of the elements; The Vital Force which brings together works of a sensual or erotic nature; and finally A Floating World where each artist contemplates mortality and external events that impact on their lives.
«I predict that due to the
loss of these
atmospheric whirlpools, the average temperature on Jupiter will change by as much as 10 degrees Celsius, getting warmer near the equator and cooler
at the poles,» says Marcus.
It seems the Warmists bet the farm on a correlation between rising
atmospheric CO2 and rising temperatures in the period 1976 to 1998, and are
at a
loss to explain the lack of correlation since then.
Right and that fundamental is that a doubling of CO2 will increase
atmospheric resistance to heat
loss by about 3.7 Wm - 2 which could produce 0.8 to 1.5 C of warming depending
at the surface or surfaces chosen as references.
While sea ice
loss in 2012 had some
atmospheric conditions supporting
loss at the beginning of summer, the
loss in 2012 probably was the result of thin sea ice initial conditions.
Ultimately, this vicious cycle is playing a major role in the growing
losses of snow and ice from the region, said coauthor Sarah Doherty, an
atmospheric scientist
at the University of Washington in Seattle.
No I don't, I apply the Stern - Volmer equation which indicates that, for vibronically excited CO2 (bending mode)
at atmospheric conditions near the surface, emission will be a very unlikely mode of energy
loss.
Kent Moore, a professor of
atmospheric physics
at the University of Toronto, who published a study in 2016 linking the
loss of sea ice to these warm events in the Arctic, said a number of factors may have contributed to the latest warming episode.
Until or unless the planetary body is
at the same temperature as deep space there will always be energy input
at the bottom of the
atmospheric column (and a temperature gradient) and there will always be heat
loss by radiation (or some other means like boiling off of the atmosphere)
at the top of the column.
The team believes the ancient tropical warming caused large, rapid
atmospheric changes
at the equator, the intensification of the Pacific monsoon, sea - ice
loss in the north Atlantic Ocean and more
atmospheric heat and moisture over Greenland and much of the rest of the Northern Hemisphere.
Energy
loss at altitude is critical for
atmospheric cooling and tropospheric convective circulation.
The fossil record indicates that the past 100 years has seen species extinctions
at 100 — 1,000 times the background rate (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005), and among five drivers of global biodiversity
loss between now and 2100 (climate change, land use change,
atmospheric CO2 increases, nitrogen deposition, and species introductions), land use change — not climate change — is predicted to be the most important (Sala et al. 2000).
This report discusses our current understanding of the mechanisms that link declines in Arctic sea ice cover,
loss of high - latitude snow cover, changes in Arctic - region energy fluxes,
atmospheric circulation patterns, and the occurrence of extreme weather events; possible implications of more severe
loss of summer Arctic sea ice upon weather patterns
at lower latitudes; major gaps in our understanding, and observational and / or modeling efforts that are needed to fill those gaps; and current opportunities and limitations for using Arctic sea ice predictions to assess the risk of temperature / precipitation anomalies and extreme weather events over northern continents.
At the heart of both studies is a deeper concern about the response of the natural world to human - induced change, in the destruction of habitat, the
loss of the plants, birds, insects, mammals, amphibians and reptiles that depend on habitat, and in the steady increase in
atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases, as a consequence of profligate combustion of fossil fuels.
But from an email conversation with Francis, Vavrus, and several other
atmospheric scientists this week, it became clear that there may be more questions than answers
at this point, given the large amount of natural variability that affects winter weather patterns, and the very short observational record of how the atmosphere responded to extreme
losses of sea ice (only five winters of records since 2007).
I did suggest some time ago to Dr Bob Tisdale across
at WUWT that perhaps a difference in the rate of energy
loss during both the warming and cooling phases of ENSO and PDO cycles, because of a change in the
atmospheric albedo, could provide a physical explanation for the correlation they were describing, but the hypothesis was not favoured.
One of the mechanisms discussed
at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (that I linked to) was to do with ice
loss in the Arctic influencing
atmospheric and ocean coupling and reducing thermohaline circulation.
JCH January 22, 2014
at 9:35 am «So Leonard Weinstein, are you in agreement with Peter Minnett that additional
atmospheric CO2 will further slow the
loss of SW warming of the oceans from the skin layer to the atmosphere?»
Following cessation of emissions, removal of
atmospheric carbon dioxide decreases radiative forcing, but is largely compensated by slower
loss of heat to the ocean, so that
atmospheric temperatures do not drop significantly for
at least 1,000 years.
So whilst most of the radiation
losses (over land) within the
atmospheric windows will occur during the period between mid morning and early evening, radiation
at wavelengths around the absorption peaks will be pretty constant during any given 24 hours.