Sentences with phrase «atmospheric methane on»

For months of weekly press conferences, reporters had been asking about Curiosity's analyses of atmospheric methane on Mars.

Not exact matches

Jim Kasting, an atmospheric chemist at The Pennsylvania State University unaffiliated with the study says its results are «on the right track,» even though «the idea that methane might be a biosignature in an anoxic atmosphere is not exactly new.»

On Earth, atmospheric methane is a prominent sign of life.

From in situ measurements made over a 20 - month period by the Tunable Laser Spectrometer (TLS) of the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite on Curiosity at Gale Crater, we report detection of background levels of atmospheric methane of mean value 0.69 ± 0.25 ppbv at the 95 % confidence interval (CI).

Chizek has run an atmospheric model that calculates how fast processes like solar ultraviolet irradiation will destroy methane on Mars.

«If we want natural gas to be the cleanest fossil fuel source, methane emissions have to be reduced,» says Gabrielle Pétron, an atmospheric scientist at NOAA and at the University of Colorado in Boulder, and first author on the study, currently in press at the Journal of Geophysical Research.

On Earth, microbes have churned out as much as 95 percent of all atmospheric methane, so finding that gas in Mars» air would have been solid circumstantial evidence of life.

On March 19, 2008, astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope announced confirmation of the presence of water and the detection of more methane in the atmosphere of the planet than would be predicted by conventional atmospheric models for «hot Jupiters» (Hubble news release and videos; ESA news release and videos; and Swain et al, 2008 — more below).

Here we present a chronology for the deep part of the core (67.8 - 31.2 ka BP), which is based on stratigraphic matching to annual - layer - counted Greenland ice cores using globally well - mixed atmospheric methane.

The Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) carbon assessment published in 2009 highlighted the disparity in methane emissions estimated by extrapolating data from wetlands, lakes, and coastal waters underlain by permafrost (32 to 112 Tg CH4 yr - 1) and estimates based on spatial and temporal variability of atmospheric methane concentrations (15 to 50 Tg CH4 yr - 1).

The consensus is that several factors are important: atmospheric composition (the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane); changes in the Earth's orbit around the Sun known as Milankovitch cycles (and possibly the Sun's orbit around the galaxy); the motion of tectonic plates resulting in changes in the relative location and amount of continental and oceanic crust on the Earth's surface, which could affect wind and ocean currents; variations in solar output; the orbital dynamics of the Earth - Moon system; and the impact of relatively large meteorites, and volcanism including eruptions of supervolcanoes.

First estimates of ESAS methane emissions indicated the current atmospheric budget, which arises from gradual diffusion and ebullition, was on par with estimates of methane emissions from the entire World Ocean (≈ 8 Tg - CH4).

Stable isotope ratios in atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide provide a window on the sources as well.

As NOAA's Mauna Loa measurement of atmospheric methane concentrations are only currently increasing at a rate of approximately 0.25 % per year (or 12.5 % change in 50 - years); how could anyone be concerned that the change in atmospheric methane burden in 50 - years could be 300 % (as per Isaken et al (2011) case 4XCH4; which would require an additional 0.80 GtCH4 / yr of methane emissions on top of the current rate of methane emissions of 0.54 GtCH4 / yr)?

Dr. Archer has worked on the ongoing mystery of the low atmospheric CO2 concentration during glacial time 20,000 years ago, and on the fate of fossil fuel CO2 on geologic time scales in the future, and its impact on future ice age cycles, ocean methane hydrate decomposition, and coral reefs.

Current methane fluxes recorded in the water column from around these methane hotspots are > 1000x those expected from the observed atmospheric anomolies, so considerable methanotrophic activity could already be activated, making irregularities of microbial consumption potentially even capable of such a release on its own.

Small wonder atmospheric methane can cause such global catastrophe considering its dramatic rise during the last few years, as elucidated by Carana on 5 December 2013 in the figure below.»

We find that the global methane hydrate inventory decreases by approximately 70 % (35 %) under four times (twice) the atmospheric CO2 concentration and is accompanied by significant global oxygen depletion on a timescale of thousands of years.

Using the modtran model on line I get a radiative forcing from 10 * atmospheric methane of 3.4 Watts / m2 (the difference in the instantaneous IR flux out, labeled Iout, between cases with and without 10x methane).

If so, I think we want to include tightly coupled chemical and biological processes, in that case — for example, the chemical fate of atmospheric methane over time, the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 on oceanic acid - base chemistry, and the response of the biological components of the carbon cycle to increased temperatures and a changing hydrologic cycle.

On longer timescales, atmospheric composition and climate have been intertwined for billions of years, especially via methane, which is both a powerful greenhouse gas and is chemically reactive.

The FACT remains, humans & all animals on earth, have NEVER existed with CO2, Methane & other atmospheric gases as HIGH as they are today!.

The second factor is the insulating effect of the atmosphere of which well over 90 % results from atmospheric water in the form of clouds and water vapour with the remaining 10 % due primarily from CO2 and ozone with just a slightly detectable effect from methane and a trivial effect from all the other gases named in tyhe Kyoto Accord that is so small it can't even be detected on measurements of the Earth's radiative spectrum.

I have worked on a wide range of topics pertaining to the global carbon cycle and its relation to global climate, with special focus on ocean sedimentary processes such as CaCO3 dissolution and methane hydrate formation, and their impact on the evolution of atmospheric CO2.

It makes the non-CO2 contributions much clearer: Methane now has a more dominant role via its impact on atmospheric chemistry, and other, more traditional pollutants are included that show clearly the connections between air quality and climate.

«According to the Clathrate Gun Hypothesis (Kennett et al., submitted) episodic atmospheric CH4 emissions resulting from instability of the marine sedimentary methane hydrate (clathrate) reservoir contributed significantly to the distinctive behavior of late Quaternary climate on orbital (Milankovitch) and millennial time scales.

Since a sustainable future based on the continued extraction of coal, oil and gas in the «business - as - usual mode» will not be possible because of both resource depletion and environmental damages (as caused, e.g., by dangerous sea level rise) we urge our societies to -LSB-...] Reduce the concentrations of warming air pollutants (dark soot, methane, lower atmosphere ozone, and hydrofluorocarbons) by as much as 50 % [and] cut the climate forcers that have short atmospheric lifetimes.

Simultaneous observations of atmospheric ethane, compared with the ethane - to - methane ratio in the pipeline gas delivered to the region, demonstrate that natural gas accounted for ∼ 60 — 100 % of methane emissions, depending on season.

The response of atmospheric concentration to a methane release depends on whether the release time scale is shorter or longer than the atmospheric lifetime of methane.

Results suggest that even the observed short - term temperature sensitivity from the Arctic will have little impact on the global atmospheric methane budget.

An instantaneous release, for example, would cause the atmospheric methane concentration to spike immediately, then decay back toward the unperturbed value on a time scale of approximately one decade.

Because the chemistry of the ocean equilibrates with that of the atmosphere (on time scales of decades to centuries), methane oxidized to CO2 in the water column will eventually increase the atmospheric CO2 burden (Archer and Buffett, 2005).

Methane and carbon dioxide on the rise13 May 2016 Satellite readings show that atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide are continuing to increase despite global efforts to reduce emiMethane and carbon dioxide on the rise13 May 2016 Satellite readings show that atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide are continuing to increase despite global efforts to reduce emimethane and carbon dioxide are continuing to increase despite global efforts to reduce emissions.

i.e. warmth exponentially increasing based on myriad feedback loops amplifying velocity, such as dramatic acceleration of declining albedo; increasing methane release from melting permafrost (Siberian sink holes); from dramatic increases of fauna as nature exploits an ever increasing land footprint and atmospheric conditions conducive to exponential growth?

Translating across discipline - specific vocabularies was essential to understanding mismatches in estimates of methane emissions from permafrost based on field measurements and on atmospheric data.

As the New York Times reported, «The environmental group is also working with Steven C. Wofsy, a professor of atmospheric and environmental science at Harvard, and his colleagues to address the daunting technology challenge of creating an infrared spectrometer that can detect methane plumes on the Earth's surface.»

Yes, the original build up of the Australian livestock herd had an impact on global atmospheric methane.

In 2008, research on Antarctic Vostok and EPICA Dome C ice cores revealed that methane clathrates were also present in deep Antarctic ice cores and record a history of atmospheric methane concentrations, dating to 800,000 years ago.

The effect of this increase on the growth rate of atmospheric methane has been masked by a coincident decrease in wetland emissions, but atmospheric methane levels may increase in the near future if wetland emissions return to their mean 1990s levels.

Human impacts on the climate system include increasing concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons and their substitutes, methane, nitrous oxide, etc.), air pollution, increasing concentrations of airborne particles, and land alteration.

On longer timescales, our results show that the decrease in atmospheric methane growth during the 1990s was caused by a decline in anthropogenic emissions.

Increasing reliance on natural gas (methane) to meet global energy demands holds implications for atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

The models heavily relied upon by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) had not projected this multidecadal stasis in «global warming»; nor (until trained ex post facto) the fall in TS from 1940 - 1975; nor 50 years» cooling in Antarctica (Doran et al., 2002) and the Arctic (Soon, 2005); nor the absence of ocean warming since 2003 (Lyman et al., 2006; Gouretski & Koltermann, 2007); nor the onset, duration, or intensity of the Madden - Julian intraseasonal oscillation, the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation in the tropical stratosphere, El Nino / La Nina oscillations, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, or the Pacific Decadal Oscillation that has recently transited from its warming to its cooling phase (oceanic oscillations which, on their own, may account for all of the observed warmings and coolings over the past half - century: Tsoniset al., 2007); nor the magnitude nor duration of multi-century events such as the Mediaeval Warm Period or the Little Ice Age; nor the cessation since 2000 of the previously - observed growth in atmospheric methane concentration (IPCC, 2007); nor the active 2004 hurricane season; nor the inactive subsequent seasons; nor the UK flooding of 2007 (the Met Office had forecast a summer of prolonged droughts only six weeks previously); nor the solar Grand Maximum of the past 70 years, during which the Sun was more active, for longer, than at almost any similar period in the past 11,400 years (Hathaway, 2004; Solankiet al., 2005); nor the consequent surface «global warming» on Mars, Jupiter, Neptune's largest moon, and even distant Pluto; nor the eerily - continuing 2006 solar minimum; nor the consequent, precipitate decline of ~ 0.8 °C in TS from January 2007 to May 2008 that has canceled out almost all of the observed warming of the 20th century.

[39] A 2014 analysis, however, states that although methane's initial impact is about 100 times greater than that of CO2, because of the shorter atmospheric lifetime, after six or seven decades, the impact of the two gases is about equal, and from then on methane's relative role continues to decline.

I propose the following bet on LongBets: 1 point for closest to atmospheric methane concentration, 1 point for closest to CO2 emissions, 1 point for closest to atmospheric CO2 concentration, and 3 points for closest to (satellite - measured) lower tropospheric temperature.

[Side issue: David, are there any satellite products that could shed light on atmospheric methane in the area?]

If you focus on just the past five decades — when modern scientific tools have been available to detect atmospheric methane — there have been fluctuations in methane levels that are harder to explain.

Since 2006, atmospheric levels of methane — a greenhouse gas 86 times more potent than carbon dioxide over a 20 - year period — have steadily been on the rise.

«Anaerobic digestion, the biotic and major source of atmospheric methane releases, works on straw, wasted food, animal bedding, manure... all kinds of organic material... not just the collected byproducts of factory farming.

The juiciest disaster - movie scenario would be a release of enough methane to significantly change the atmospheric concentration, on a time scale that is fast compared with the lifetime of methane.