Sentences with phrase «atmospheric models where»

Re-analysis data are results from atmospheric models where observed data have been fed into the models and used to correct the simulation in order to try to get a best possible description of the real atmosphere.

Not exact matches

KATHARINE HAYHOE is an atmospheric scientist at Texas Tech University, where she studies climate modeling and the regional impacts of global warming.

The research may force a re-examination of the role of acidity in atmospheric chemistry, especially where it affects key processes in climate change models.

For example, in a simulated world where the atmospheric CO2 levels were double today's values — a scenario many scientists believe likely — models predict that Earth will warm by more than 2 °C.

Both models help mission team members plan when and where to look for unusual atmospheric disturbances as Titan summer approaches.

«We used a UK Met Office computer model of atmospheric transport to look back in time, at where the air samples we collected had travelled from.»

To derive the climate projections for this assessment, we employed 20 general circulation models to consider two scenarios of global carbon emissions: one where atmospheric greenhouse gases are stabilized by the end of the century and the other where it grows on its current path (the stabilization [RCP4.5] and business - as - usual [RCP8.5] emission scenarios, respectively).

But wouldn't a closer model be the first order ODE, where the difference between absorbed solar power and lost black body power has to equal the change in temperature with respect to time multiplied by the terrestrial and atmospheric combined heat capacity:

But, to be working in «science» where physics, math modelling, geological sciences, atmospheric sciences are key is truely amazing.

OLR increases in the optically thinner bands would lead to atmospheric warming in general, but this has to be accompanied by OLR decreases somewhere, such as in optically thicker bands (and always in the band where optical thickness was added, assuming positive lapse rates everywhere as is the case in a 1 - dimensional equilibrium model with zero solar heating above the tropopause, or at least not too much solar heating in some distributions), which will tend to cause cooling of upper levels.

The constraining of the atmospheric model affect the predictions where there are no observations because most of the weather elements — except for precipitation — do not change abruptly over short distance (mathematically, we say that they are described by «spatially smooth and slowly changing functions»).

Now consider Figure 4, where I have plotted the A2 model input (black line in Fig. 3), along with the outer bounds of the projected atmospheric CO2 concentrations (outer red lines in Fig. 3).

The only systematic evaluation of carbon models that were interactively coupled to climate models occurred as part of the Coupled Climate - Carbon Cycle Model Intercomparison Project (C4MIP), where Friedlingstein et al. (2006) compared the ability of a suite of models to simulate historical atmospheric CO2 concentration forced by observed emissions.

The basic ingredients are easy to list: — absorption / emission properties (or spectroscopic parameters) of CO2 at atmospheric pressures, i.e. data presently available from HITRAN - database combined with models of line broadening — observed properties of the atmosphere where most important features include clouds and moisture content, but many other factors have some influence — computer model of the transmission of radiation along the lines of MODTRAN or GENLN2

Since 1998 ECMWF has been running a coupled forecasting system where the atmospheric component of the Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) communicates with the wave model (WAM) through exchange of the Charnock parameter which determines the roughness of the sea surface (Janssen, 2004).

This result suggests that current projections of regional climate change may be questionable.This finding is also highly relevant to regional climate modelling studies where lower resolution global atmospheric models are often used as the driving model for high resolution regional models.

The authors use a two - dimensional atmospheric model to simulate the nitrate and ozone changes associated with the A.D. 1908 Tunguska event where a bolide airburst occurred over Siberia, Russia.

Type 2 dynamic downscaling refers to regional weather (or climate) simulations in which the regional model's initial atmospheric conditions are forgotten (i.e., the predictions do not depend on the specific initial conditions), but results still depend on the lateral boundary conditions from a global numerical weather prediction where initial observed atmospheric conditions are not yet forgotten, or are from a global reanalysis.

My research is in Dr. Gudrun Magnusdottir's Modeling Lab, where we are trying to understand the critical relationships between external processes and atmospheric / oceanic circulations on the global climate system.

Now he can try doing it for the atmospheric concentrations used as inputs to the model for the three scenarios, and then (at last) you'll have a sensible basis for evaluating the skill of the model; let the chips fall where they may.

The second part of the dissertation analyzes dust emission in an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM), where realistic simulation is inhibited by the model's coarse resolution compared to the scale of the circulations observed to mobilize dust.

Where is there anything that even begins to approximate the computational difficulty of modeling the vagaries of atmospheric water at its triple point temperature?

Dr. DeLonge has a Ph.D. and M.S. in environmental science from the University of Virginia, where she developed expertise in atmospheric science, hydrology, ecosystem science, and numerical modeling.

Data assimilation systems, which combine information from observations and output from atmospheric models, also are being used to augment traditional observations and, in some instances, to take the place of data where no observations are available.

With the ever increasing divergence of surface temperatures (NASA GISS) from satellite ones (UAH / RSS), and the subsequent divergence of overheated climate models (IPCC CMIP5) to observed reality, it is worth some background on the atmospheric temperature measurement systems used to measure the temperature of the lower troposphere — the exact place where global warming theory is meant to occur and be measured:

It comes from radiative transfer models where atmospheric composition is critical.

Since we can not measure any individual forcing directly in the atmosphere, the models draw upon results of laboratory experiments in passing sunlight through chambers in which atmospheric constituents are artificially varied; such experiments are, however, of limited value when translated into the real atmosphere, where radiative transfers and non-radiative transports (convection and evaporation up, advection along, subsidence and precipitation down), as well as altitudinal and latitudinal asymmetries, greatly complicate the picture.

Answer me this: since the AGW theory predicts an upper atmospheric tropical hot spot, and since the models predict the existence of that upper atmospheric hot spot, kindly tell us where it is to be found.

Among the suite of circulation models examined here, the largest reduction in atmospheric pCO2 of 44 — 88 ppm occurs in a model where reduced overturning rates of both southern and northern sourced deep waters result in a four-fold increase in the Southern Ocean deep water ventilation age.