Sentences with phrase «atmospheric nucleation»

See here and here for a review of atmospheric nucleation processes.

Figure 2: Measurements of an atmospheric nucleation and growth event in the Lower Fraser Valley, Canada.

«Because the primary source of ions in the global troposphere is galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), their role in atmospheric nucleation is of considerable interest as a possible physical mechanism for climate variability caused by the Sun.»

Cloud condensation nuclei production associated with atmospheric nucleation: a synthesis based on existing literature and new results.

As Rasmus also mentioned, ions play a role in atmospheric nucleation, but this role is not as important as some make it out to be.

Not exact matches

Even as the importance of biological ice nucleation was being recognized by agricultural scientists, it still wasn't embraced by atmospheric scientists, who stuck by the traditional view that soot, or sea salt, or some as - yet - unidentified mineral in dust was seeding ice in clouds.

The team started by looking at the formation of the very small particles — a process called aerosol nucleation — by mimicking atmospheric conditions inside an ultraclean steel «cloud chamber», which Kirkby says is the cleanest ever created.

A paper discussing the difficulty of getting from nm sized nucleation mode to a size that can generate cloud particles is: Erupe, M. E., et al. (2010), Correlation of aerosol nucleation rate with sulfuric acid and ammonia in Kent, Ohio: An atmospheric observation, J. Geophys.

«Ion - induced nucleation [cosmic ray action] will manifest itself as a steady production of new particles [molecular clusters] that is difficult to isolate in atmospheric observations because of other sources of variability but is nevertheless taking place and could be quite large when averaged globally over the troposphere [the lower atmosphere].»

Further, there can be no legitimate discussion about climate engineering without addressing the completely engineered cool - downs via atmospheric manipulation and patented chemical ice nucleation processes.

The variability of atmospheric ionization rates due to GCR changes can be considered relatively well quantified (Bazilevskaya et al., 2008), whereas resulting changes in aerosol nucleation rates are very poorly known (Enghoff and Svensmark, 2008; Kazil et al., 2008).

28 29 7.4.5.2 Physical Mechanisms Linking Cosmic Rays to Cloudiness 30 31 The most widely studied mechanism proposed to explain the possible link between GCR and cloudiness is 32 the «ion - aerosol clear air» mechanism, in which atmospheric ions produced by GCR facilitate aerosol 33 nucleation and growth ultimately impacting CCN concentrations and cloud properties (Carslaw et al., 2002; 34 Usoskin and Kovaltsov, 2008).

The most widely studied mechanism proposed to explain the possible link between GCR and cloudiness is the «ion - aerosol clear air» mechanism, in which atmospheric ions produced by GCR facilitate aerosol nucleation and growth ultimately impacting CCN concentrations and cloud properties (Carslaw et al., 2002; http://www.sciencemag.org/content/298/5599/1732.abstract

Microphysical theories regarding CR - cloud links via ion - mediated nucleation are well developed, and several studies have attempted to incorporate these effects within atmospheric models to estimate the magnitude of potential affects to aerosols and clouds.

It has been hypothesized that galactic cosmic rays (GCR) create atmospheric ions which facilitates aerosol nucleation and new particle formation with a further impact on the cloud formation (Kazil et al., 2012; Pierce and Adams, 2009).

In the article «Global atmospheric particle formation from CERN CLOUD measurements,» sciencemag.org, 49 authors concluded «Atmospheric aerosol nucleation has been studied for over 20 years, but the difficulty of performing laboratory nucleation - rate measurements close to atmospheric conditions means that global model simulations have not been directly based on experimental data.....

Recently it was suggested that the formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is connected with the existence of thermodynamically stable 1 - to 2 - nm clusters, formed in the atmosphere by some nucleation mechanism.

Heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols: a review of results from laboratory experiments / C. Hoose & O. Mohler Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research — Atmospheric Aerosol Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany / Published: 29 October 2012 Abstract: A small subset of the atmospheric aerosol population has the ability to induce ice formation at conditions under which ice would not form without them (heteroge - neous ice nucleation).

Model calculations suggest that almost half of the global cloud condensation nuclei in the atmospheric boundary layer may originate from the nucleation of aerosols from trace condensable vapours4, although the sensitivity of the number of cloud condensation nuclei to changes of nucleation rate may be small5, 6.

However, even with the large enhancements in rate due to ammonia and ions, atmospheric concentrations of ammonia and sulphuric acid are insufficient to account for observed boundary - layer nucleation.

Even with the large enhancements in rate caused by ammonia and ions, they conclude that atmospheric concentrations of ammonia and sulphuric acid are insufficient to account for observed boundary layer nucleation.

A substantial source of cloud condensation nuclei in the atmospheric boundary layer is thought to originate from the nucleation of trace sulphuric acid vapour.

The weather makers are desperately trying to engineer winter with unimaginably extensive atmospheric manipulation / geoengineering processes (which includes chemical and / or biological ice nucleation agents as a primary element).