Sentences with phrase «atmospheric transport modelling»

And because the comb measurements can be averaged over the entire path length rather than relying on a few spot measurements, the comb method is better matched to the scale of atmospheric transport models.

Here we assess the capability of ground - based observations and a high - resolution (1.3 km) mesoscale atmospheric transport model to determine a change in greenhouse gas emissions over time from a metropolitan region.

To determine the magnitude of European emissions from the lead pollution levels measured in the Greenland ice, the team used state - of - the - art atmospheric transport model simulations.

AER scientists contributed atmospheric transport modeling and research expertise to the new study by Harvard University, which is «the first of its kind to quantify methane emissions from natural gas leaks in an urban area».

Badgley J. E., S. Jeong, X. Cui, S. Newman, J. Zhang, C. Priest, M. Campos - Pineda, A. E. Andrews, L. Bianco, M. Lloyd, N. Lareau, C. Clements and M. L. Fischer (February 2017): Assessment of an atmospheric transport model for annual inverse estimates of California greenhouse gas emissions.

Not exact matches

«Using a numerical climate model we found that sulfate reductions over Europe between 1980 and 2005 could explain a significant fraction of the amplified warming in the Arctic region during that period due to changes in long - range transport, atmospheric winds and ocean currents.

Using 19 climate models, a team of researchers led by Professor Minghua Zhang of the School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at Stony Brook University, discovered persistent dry and warm biases of simulated climate over the region of the Southern Great Plain in the central U.S. that was caused by poor modeling of atmospheric convective systems — the vertical transport of heat and moisture in the atmosphere.

«We used a UK Met Office computer model of atmospheric transport to look back in time, at where the air samples we collected had travelled from.»

This diagram shows types, and size distribution in micrometres, of atmospheric particulate matter This animation shows aerosol optical thickness of emitted and transported key tropospheric aerosols from 17 August 2006 to 10 April 2007, from a 10 km resolution GEOS - 5 «nature run» using the GOCART model.

The second is the Model for OZone and Related chemical Tracers, or MOZART, a three - dimensional atmospheric chemical transport mModel for OZone and Related chemical Tracers, or MOZART, a three - dimensional atmospheric chemical transport modelmodel.

Transport and lifetime of atmospheric particles simulated by a quasi-global process model indicates how these particles impact the regional US western states

Atmospheric scientists measure the amount of CH4 gas in the atmosphere and use these data, along with models of atmospheric transport, to estimate the amount of CH4 released at Earth's surface.

Here we apply a «state of the art» atmospheric chemistry transport model to show that large emissions of CH4 would likely have an unexpectedly large impact on the chemical compositioof the atmosphere and on radiative forcing (RF).

The (apparent) slower rate of projected model warming for a higher absolute temperature may be related to other factors like cloud amount and geographical distribution at higher absolute humidity, or increases in convective transport (due to more atmospheric instability) at higher absolute humidity.

An atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a simple mixed layer ocean was forced with altered implied ocean heat transports during a period of increasing trace gases.

This product primarily exploits high - quality measurements of air samples collected at tens of sites around the world by various laboratories (119 sites for CO2, 30 sites for CH4 and 127 sites for N2O), in combination with a numerical model of atmospheric tracer transport (Chevallier et al. 2010, Bergamaschi et al. 2013, Thompson et al. 2014).

Syllabus: Lecture 1: Introduction to Global Atmospheric Modelling Lecture 2: Types of Atmospheric and Climate Models Lecture 3: Energy Balance Models Lecture 4: 1D Radiative - Convective Models Lecture 5: General Circulation Models (GCMs) Lecture 6: Atmospheric Radiation Budget Lecture 7: Dynamics of the Atmosphere Lecture 8: Parametrizations of Subgrid - Scale Physical Processes Lecture 9: Chemistry of the Atmosphere Lecture 10: Basic Methods of Solving Model Equations Lecture 11: Coupled Chemistry - Climate Models (CCMs) Lecture 12: Applications of CCMs: Recent developments of atmospheric dynamics and chemistry Lecture 13: Applications of CCMs: Future Polar Ozone Lecture 14: Applications of CCMs: Impact of Transport Emissions Lecture 15: Towards an Earth System Model

Atmospheric scientists measure the amount of CH4 gas in the atmosphere and use these data, along with models of atmospheric transport, to estimate the amount of CH4 released at Earth's surface.

We will interpret recently completed measurements of 35 chemical - proxies in the ice - core and relate these to similar studies in other Arctic ice cores, such as by using real - world contaminant transport to validate atmospheric circulation models and chemical - signature sourcing.

The identified atmospheric feedbacks including changes in planetary albedo, in water vapour distribution and in meridional latent heat transport are all poorly represented in zonal energy balance model as the one used in [7] whereas they appear to be of primary importance when focusing on ancient greenhouse climates.

The purpose is to evaluate model ability to get the seasons right, ocean and atmospheric transport right, hydrology and water vapor right, and so on.

Zhang and Delworth and Zhang et al. showed by using models that, as the northward surface heat transport by the AMOC is increased, the global atmospheric heat transport decreases in compensation (and vice versa), providing a multidecadal component to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO).

In conclusion, the present atmospheric measurement network, current information on air - sea fluxes and current understanding of vertical atmospheric transport are not sufficient to allow full use of the potential of inverse modelling techniques to infer geographically detailed source - sink distributions of anthropogenic CO2.

Simpson began with a gray - body calculation, Simpson (1928a); very soon after he reported that this paper was worthless, for the spectral variation must be taken into account, Simpson (1928b); 2 - dimensional model (mapping ten degree squares of latitude and longitude): Simpson (1929a); a pioneer in pointing to latitudinal transport of heat by atmospheric eddies was Defant (1921); for other early energy budget climate models taking latitude into account, not covered here, see Kutzbach (1996), pp. 354 - 59.

However, the availability of non-radiative means for vertical transport of energy, including small - scale convection and large - scale atmospheric motions, must be accounted for, as is done in our atmospheric general circulation model.

The basic results of this climate model analysis are that: (1) it is increase in atmospheric CO2 (and the other minor non-condensing greenhouse gases) that control the greenhouse warming of the climate system; (2) water vapor and clouds are feedback effects that magnify the strength of the greenhouse effect due to the non-condensing greenhouse gases by about a factor of three; (3) the large heat capacity of the ocean and the rate of heat transport into the ocean sets the time scale for the climate system to approach energy balance equilibrium.

Here we quantify the processes that controlled variations in methane emissions between 1984 and 2003 using an inversion model of atmospheric transport and chemistry.

In the lower PBL, the main energy transport takes place through small - scale turbulence with short time scales which may not be well represented by monthly mean values from the atmospheric model used for the reanalysis.

The Carnegie team will use global atmospheric models, partly enabled by the Carnegie Institution's new high - performance computing cluster, to simulate how short - lived pollutants from different sectors and different countries get transported through the atmosphere and the distribution and strength of their climate and air quality effects.

Since we can not measure any individual forcing directly in the atmosphere, the models draw upon results of laboratory experiments in passing sunlight through chambers in which atmospheric constituents are artificially varied; such experiments are, however, of limited value when translated into the real atmosphere, where radiative transfers and non-radiative transports (convection and evaporation up, advection along, subsidence and precipitation down), as well as altitudinal and latitudinal asymmetries, greatly complicate the picture.

In HadSM3, a motionless 50 m slab ocean is coupled to the atmospheric model and ocean heat transport is diagnosed for each member.

Demonstrated understanding of the concepts involved with atmospheric transport, dispersion models and air quality studies.