Sentences with phrase «atomic vibrations»

In Raman scattering, an optical method for probing atomic vibrations, a material scatters monochromatic light from a laser.

Scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University have made the first direct measurements, and by far the most precise ones, of how electrons move in sync with atomic vibrations rippling through an exotic material, as if they were dancing to the same beat.

While atomic vibrations, or phonons, typically can not transport heat across distances larger than a few atoms, the team found that the atoms» summed electromagnetic force can create a «bridge» for phonons to cross.

But could this coupling of atomic vibrations and collaborative electron behavior also take place in iron selenide alone, without a boost from a substrate?

Shen's team made a thicker, atomically uniform iron selenide film and hit it with infrared laser light to excite its 5 - trillion - times - a-second atomic vibrations — like gently tapping a bell with a little hammer, SLAC staff scientist and co-author Patrick Kirchmann said.

The team then measured the material's atomic vibrations and electron behavior in two separate experiments.

The team used SLAC's LCLS to measure atomic vibrations and ARPES to measure the energy and momentum of electrons in a material called iron selenide.

In a 2014 paper in Nature, they concluded that atomic vibrations in the STO travel up into the iron selenide and give electrons the additional energy they need to pair up and carry electricity with zero loss at higher temperatures than they would on their own.

«We were able to make a «movie,» using the equivalent of two cameras to record the atomic vibrations and electron movements, and show that they wiggle at the same time, like two standing waves superimposed on each other,» said co-author Shuolong Yang, a postdoctoral researcher at Cornell University.

It turns out unusual atomic vibrations help prevent «heat leaks,» maximizing the conversion into electricity.

«We performed the first comprehensive measurements of atomic vibrations in this important new thermoelectric material,» said senior author Olivier Delaire in ORNL's Materials Science and Technology Division.

The frequency of atomic vibrations determines the length of one second — information that is beamed up to GPS satellites, which stream the data to ground receivers all over the world, synchronizing cellular and cable networks, power grids, and other distributed systems.

The ORNL researchers observed atomic vibrations that underpin heat flow — called phonons — and tried to understand their origins in terms of electronic structure and chemistry.

In a recent Rapid Communication in Physical Review B, researchers from the Max Born Institute in Berlin (Germany), the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology in Dübendorf (Switzerland), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (USA) apply a novel method of optical pump — soft x-ray probe spectroscopy for generating coherent atomic vibrations in small LiBH4 crystals, and reading them out via changes of x-ray absorption.

This novel experimental scheme is highly sensitive and allows for the first time to kick off and detect extremely small amplitudes of atomic vibrations.

Henry's successes in capturing the atomic vibrations of glass was due to the development of a new way of studying the dynamics of phonons, which he'd created with with Wei Lv, a doctoral student in his lab, Known as Green - Kubo Modal Analysis (GKMA), the new method uses molecular dynamics simulations to more accurately calculate the contributions different modes of vibration make to the heat conduction.

Here, the scientists used the new HERMES instrument to measure the temperature of semiconducting hexagonal boron nitride by directly observing the atomic vibrations that correspond to heat in the material.

By modelling the atomic vibration of individual atoms in such clusters realistically, external atoms on the surface of the structure can be «seen'to vibrate more than internal atoms.

This new development paves the way for a new field of dynamical study in the position dependence of atomic vibration in small particles, and is also likely to benefit the catalytical study of particles.Richard Aveyard, Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of Physics at York, said: «Our work highlights the valuable contribution that computational simulations can have in the field of electron microscopy: the more details we can put into our simulations, the more details we can extract from experiments.»

The experimenter needs only to know the energy and intensity of an atomic vibration in a material — both of which are measured during the experiment.

As a material gets hotter, the frequency of the atomic vibration gets higher.

Not exact matches

In an ordinary superconductor, electrons, which carry a spin of 1/2, pair up and flow uninhibited with the help of vibrations in the atomic structure.

In the classic definition, heat consists of vibrations in the atomic lattices of materials.

Atomic clocks use precisely tuned electromagnetic waves to track the vibrations of atoms.

Like its desk - size cousins, the new atomic clock works by counting the vibrations of cesium atoms.

And unlike atoms, molecules can store energy within the vibrations of atomic bonds and rotations, or spinning, of their entire structure.

The international standard for time is set by atomic clocks — room - sized apparatuses that keep time by measuring the natural vibration of atoms in a vacuum.

Through their extremely accurate measurements this team has unravelled the details of neutron oscillations in the atomic nucleus and determined how many neutrons on the surface, or «skin», of the nucleus participate in unique vibrations known as pygmy resonances.

Measurements carried out using the AGATA spectrometer has unravelled the details of neutron oscillations in the atomic nucleus and determined how many neutrons on the surface, or «skin», of the nucleus participate in unique vibrations known as pygmy resonances.

The scattering patterns were entered into a computer model that translated them into measurements of the vibrations of the atoms in the material — in other words, the temperature of the material at the atomic level.

But vibrations in the atomic...

In principle, odorant isotopomers provide a possible test of shape vs. vibration mechanisms: replacing, for example, hydrogen with deuterium in an odorant leaves the ground - state conformation of the molecule unaltered while doubling atomic mass and so altering the frequency of all its vibrational modes to a greater or lesser extent [11].

The new theory claims that it is the vibrations of the molecules at the atomic level that «creates» smell.