The attachment figures — parent and therapist — are responsible for the initiation of repair, not the child.
Studies examining transfer of attachment among youth identified that parents are the primary
attachment figures but were later in the course of shifting attachment related functions to their peers that included best friends and romantic partners.
Furthermore, positive links between anxious attachment and crying have been established (Laan, van Assen, & Vingerhoets, 2012), and anxiously - attached individuals are similar to individuals high on maladaptive dependency in that they are guided in their behavior by the unfulfilled desire for
attachment figures to pay «adequate» attention to them and provide them with reliable protection (Mikulincer & Shaver, 2003).
He suggested that the confidence in the availability of
attachment figures is built from infancy through adolescence.
When removed from
the attachment figures, the innate attachment system evokes mental and behavioral approach to the caregiver.
Item content of the instrument was suggested by attachment theory's formulations concerning the nature of feelings toward
attachment figures.
Dyadic Developmental Psychotherapy facilitates safety and new learning through the relationship that the abused and neglected child has with his therapist and actively works to replicate the characteristics of this relationship with one or more of the child's
attachment figures in his daily life.
The preservation of the family secure base, proving there are no extremes in parental abuse, drugs, or alcohol, set a great example to the children and continues to provide in their primary relationships,
attachment figures and environments.
The attachment framework can be applied to various
attachment figures in an individual's life [20], [21], [22], [23], [24].
The present studies build on this framework that nations are socially constituted entities that are comprised as symbolic
attachment figures.
The present research seeks to ameliorate this uncertainty through positing that the body metaphor stems from nations being conceptualised as
attachment figures.
Activation of the attachment system in adulthood: threat - related primes increase the accessibility of mental representations of
attachment figures.
[jounal] Mikulincer, M. / 2002 / Activation of the attachment system in adulthood: Threat - related primes increase the accessibility of mental representations of
attachment figures / Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83 (4): 881 ~ 895
Intrigued by this difference, Hughes and Becker - Weidman developed a specialized form of parenting that met the unique needs of the children who had suffered at the hands of their early
attachment figures.
A keystone of the present research and nation attachment is the personification of nations as
attachment figures, parallel to family, and specifically, to parents.
Primes of nations as
attachment figures, including imagery that personify nations as symbolic caregivers, can be employed to investigate several avenues, including the effect on the acculturation orientations of both heritage and mainstream samples, endorsement of multicultural ideology, and patriotic and nationalistic attitudes.
These attachment figures are actively engaged and the caregiving behaviors that will facilitate secure attachment in the child in their care are actively supported and developed.
Brain development in infancy is «experience - dependent;» the baby's brain, specifically the limbic system, relies on sensitive and attuned care from
attachment figures for healthy growth and functioning.
Hazan and Shaver moved romantic love and adult relationships into a whole new place where partners can be, and are, significant
attachment figures.
This hyperactivation is initiated by the individual's confusion about the viability of seeking proximity when they need help from
their attachment figures, and are impacted extensively by their internal working models.
Both the narcissistic and borderline personalities have an experience of tremendous core - self inadequacy and both believe that this core - self inadequacy will result in their being rejected and abandoned by others, principally by
attachment figures.
The categories of attachment styles are now described through a two - dimensional model (Brennan et al., 1998), according to which attachment security corresponds to low avoidance and anxiety scores, reliable social interactions with
attachment figures, and positive views of the self and others.
The infant's brain is an «open loop system;» it relies on attuned and nurturing input from
attachment figures for healthy development.
When we can not expect the primary
attachment figures in our lives to be dependable, available, or responsive, we may become insecure in our relationships and even avoidant of others.
«No variables, it is held, have more far - reaching effects on personality development than have a child's experiences within his family: for, starting during the first months of his relations with his mother figure, and extending through the years of childhood and adolescence in his relations with both parents, he builds up working models of how
attachment figures are likely to behave towards him in any of a variety of situations; and on those models are based all his expectations, and therefore all his plans for the rest of his life.»
Note: Disinhibited attachment is where children don't discriminate between people they choose as
attachment figures.
Childhood abuse necessitates self - alienation: we must disown that humiliating «bad child» and work harder to be the «good child» acceptable to
our attachment figures.
Similarly, children without
attachment figures endure great stress to the point of dysfunction and perhaps, eventually death.
Their husbands / wives / partners / closest friends... first call was to
attachment figures.
Although Bowlby did not rule out the possibility of other
attachment figures for a child, he did believe that there should be a primary bond which was much more important than any other (usually the mother).
According to Bowlby (1988), in psychotherapy, the therapist «provides conditions in which his patient can explore his representational models of himself and
his attachment figures with a view to reappraising and restructuring them» (p. 138).
These core beliefs become the lens through which children (and later adults) view themselves and others, especially authority and
attachment figures.
You're each other's primary
attachment figures.
According to Bowlby (1980), an individual who has experienced a secure attachment «is likely to possess a representational model of
attachment figures (s) as being available, responsive, and helpful» (Bowlby, 1980, p. 242).
Many are also harmed by
their attachment figures.
They push away
attachment figures to get what they desire.
In therapy, issues around separation, loss, abandonment, protection and proximity of
attachment figures, coupled with concomitant rage, fear, anxiety, and depression are expressed and experienced by most dealing with the break up of a marriage relationship.
My training will include how to determine severity of attachment problems, the psychological health of
attachment figures, and family dynamics that affect RAD.
They look for acceptance and regard from anyone other than their primary
attachment figures.
Primary
attachment figures are too threatening to children with attachment disorder because of the closeness of those relationships.
They often get stiff when their primary
attachment figures hug them or they avoid the situation altogether.
No matter the quality of the parent - child relationship, parents remain the primary
attachment figures in their children's lives.
It serves as an internal working model, or set of expectations about the availability of
attachment figures, the likelihood of receiving support from them during times of stress, and the interaction with those figures.
Pet dogs as
attachment figures.
In contrast, children rely mainly on few
attachment figures and often lack the coping skills that adults have refined.
The interpersonal schema is initially based on interactions with
attachment figures such as parents, permitting the individual to predict interactions in a way that increases the probability of maintaining relatedness with these figures.
Modelling healthy relationships helps children to build a network of secure
attachment figures, which all contributes to developing mental wellbeing.
Young children in stressful situations: The supporting role of
attachment figures and unfamiliar caregivers
I totally agree that difficulties with self regulation can arise from a lack of adult
attachment figures.
In fact, memories of
attachment figures who have died can be just as powerful a source of comfort as were those same
attachment figures when they were still alive.