Since then, research into attachment theory has been greatly expanded and, because of the social and cognitive mechanisms which are activated during development,
attachment styles tend to be quite stable.
Children with avoidant
attachment styles tend to avoid parents and caregivers.
Adults with anxious
attachment styles tend to tune in to minor fluctuations in their partner's moods and expect rejection or abandonment (particularly during conflict).
Avoidant Style «A person with an avoidant
attachment style tends to show restricted emotions especially softer emotions like sadness or loneliness.
Not exact matches
Even parents who practice
attachment -
style parenting occasionally need a safe place to place baby when
tending to a hot stove, traveling, or visiting child - free friends.
Without conscious intervention, though,
attachment styles do
tend to get passed through the generations, and Bowlby observed that becoming a parent particularly activates a parent's childhood
attachment style.
With the majority of the population (approximately 59 %) exhibiting secure
attachment, this
style of connection
tends to result in satisfactory relationships (Mickelson, Kessler & Shaver, 1997).
The final
style is called «disorganized
attachment,» in which a child is upset when separated from his or her caregiver and may freeze, rock back and forth, or even hit himself when reunited; children whose caregivers experienced severe trauma and became depressed around the time of the child's birth
tend to be most likely to have this type of
attachment.
This was a very useful book for someone like me who
tends to have an avoidant
attachment style due to my mother's serious mental illness.
For example, Vicary and Fraley1 found that people with an anxious
attachment style (colloquially described as «needy» or «clingy»)
tend to react pretty negatively to jealousy - inducing situations such as the one described above.
Overall and McNulty point out that people high in
attachment anxiety
tend to rely on this communication
style, because it assuages their insecurities about the relationship, at least for a while.
He also
tends to have an avoidant
attachment style, which means that he feels uncomfortable with too much closeness.
Jones suggested that
attachment styles between mother and offspring may play a role in the expression of the
tend - and - befriend response — much like the personality research mentioned earlier, this seems like a promising area of research but one that has not yet been explored.
People
tend to base their parenting
style on the internal working model so
attachment type
tends to be passed on through generations of a family.
Research on
attachment styles indicates that dismissing people
tend to prefer their own autonomy — oftentimes at the expense of their close relationships.
Previous research on
attachment styles indicates that fearful people
tend to have a lot of difficulty in their relationships.
Research on
attachment styles indicates that secure people
tend to have relatively enduring and satisfying relationships.
Attachment styles learned in childhood
tend to endure throughout life.
Likewise, partners categorized as having a dismissive
attachment orientation
tend to have lower levels of intimacy than their secure counterparts, because this
attachment style is marked by avoidance of intimacy in the relationship (Pistole, 1989).
These results reveal that participants
tended to choose adventure options consistent with their own
attachment styles, further indicating that control participants engaged with the virtual partner as they might in their everyday life.
Men generally
tend to have an avoidant
attachment style while women are more likely to have an anxious
style.
It turns out that relational habits and
attachment styles form in our families of origin, and they
tend to perpetuate in future relationships if unchecked.
The impact of specific life events, such as parental divorce, on
attachment orientations in adulthood are important to consider as those who experience this
tend to be less securely attached, report greater relationship problems and are more likely to have an avoidant - fearful
attachment style [60].
An individual with this
style of
attachment tends to become enmeshed with others which can scare people away.
The ASQ includes five scales: (1) ASQ - F1, «Confidence in relationships»; higher scores in this subscale indicate a secure
attachment (e.g., «I find it relatively easy to get close to other people»); (2) ASQ - F2, «Need for approval» denotes both worried and fearful aspects of
attachment, characterized by an individual's need for others» approval and acceptance (e.g., «It's important for me to avoid doing things that others won't like»); (3) ASQ - F3: the subjects» anxious behavior in searching for others, motivated by the necessity to fulfill dependency needs, is depicted by the subscale «Preoccupation with relationships»; it represents a central topic in the conceptualization of anxious / ambivalent
attachment (e.g., «It's very important for me to have a close relationship»); (4) ASQ - F4, «Discomfort with closeness» reflects an avoidant
attachment (e.g., «I prefer to keep to myself»), and (5) ASQ - F5 «Relationships as secondary» is typical of a dismissive
style, in which subjects
tend to emphasize achievements and independence, in order to protect themselves against hurt and vulnerability (e.g., «To ask for help is to admit that you're a failure»).