Sentences with phrase «attacked by immune cells»

In order to help identify them as targets that should be attacked by the immune cells, antibodies bind to these foreign cells.

In the brain, a synapse (orange) is seen being wrapped around and attacked by immune cells called microglia (green), leading to synapse loss.

Not exact matches

This is the group of genes which act as the immune system markers on cells, protecting them from being attacked by the system's anti-bodies.

* CD4 cells are a component of the immune system attacked by HIV.

«These attacks have grown in magnitude and they include attacks on security services, we have incidents where military officers have been lynched by mobs, we have instances where these vigilante groups calling themselves variously; Invisible forces, Delta forces, etc. invade police stations, break into cells and release suspects because they claim the NPP members are immune to any form of arrest in other words, they are living above the law because they happen to be members of a party living in power», he said.

An immune response, triggered by foreign neural stem cells, could actually help attack tumors, says Evan Snyder, a stem cell biologist at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute in San Diego, California, and one of the early pioneers of the idea of using stem cells to attack tumors.

In the present study, the researchers have discovered a reason for reduced fertility in people with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1), which increases the risk of developing autoimmune disease (caused by the immune system attacking and damaging healthy cells) and which is often used as a model for autoimmune disease in general.

Previously, Derek Danahy of the University of Iowa and colleagues showed that sepsis disrupts the immune system by reducing the amount and function of memory T cells that circulate throughout the body, recognizing and attacking specific bacteria, viruses, or cancer cells.

But during pregnancy, the fetus is protected from the mother's immune system by the placenta, which has specialized cells — called trophoblasts — that can burrow into the mother's body without exciting an attack by the immune system.

Pembrolizumab, which is marketed under the brand name Keytruda, works by turning off the immune system's brakes, allowing its T cells to recognize and attack cancer cells.

Blood from people affected by the 2014 Zika outbreak in French Polynesia provides the first evidence that the virus can make the immune system attack nerve cells

CRH, in turn, triggered production of the cell surface protein FasL; trophoblasts expressing FasL then form a protective shield of sorts around the embryo by forcing any attacking immune cells to self - destruct.

There was another intriguing connection: Acinetobacter are molecular mimics of proteins found in myelin, the nerve cell coating that the immune system attacks in MS.. That suggests the bacteria might trigger immune attacks that hit myelin, too, as when soldiers who inadvertently resemble the enemy get hit by friendly fire.

Researchers at Penn State have combined the two approaches by taking biodegradable polymer nanoparticles encapsulated with cancer - fighting drugs and incorporating them into immune cells to create a smart, targeted system to attack cancers of specific types.

According to Dr. Cripe, the study suggests that some patients could respond to therapy even if their tumors aren't very infectable by the virus, provided their immune systems were stimulated by the viral therapy to attack the tumor cells.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by immune cells that activate a cascade of chemicals in the brain, attacking and degrading the insulation that keeps neuronal signals moving.

The known FPRs include two immune system receptors that detect chemicals given off by pathogens in the blood, helping immune cells track down and attack foreign bodies.

Quintana - Murci and colleagues used RNA - sequencing to characterize the way that immune cells, known as primary monocytes, derived from 200 people of self - reported African or European ancestry would respond to attack by a bacteria or a virus.

The capsule protects the donator's cells against attacks of the immune system but, passes the hormones by semi-permeable walls into the body of the receiver.

The class of medications that he conceived, known as immune checkpoint inhibitors, works counterintuitively: By turning off one of the immune system's built - in safeguards, the inhibitors allow T cells — the system's foot soldiers — to attack tumors more effectively.

The protein sits on the surface of T cells and helps dampen the activity of the cells after an immune response, but tumors have found ways to hide from T cell attack by flipping on the PD - 1 switch themselves.

T cells help protect the body from parasites by traveling to the site of infection and recruiting other immune cells to mount an attack.

Islet autoimmunity, detected by antibodies that appear when the immune system attacks the islet cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, is a precursor to type 1 diabetes.

Healthy skin is protected against microbial attack by different kinds of immune cell, including T cells.

Hepatitis researchers have long thought that immune cells sent by the body to attack virus - infected cells in the liver cause the acute liver injury associated with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and other hepatitis viruses.

But if the immune system is indeed attacking the corneal protein identified by the Cantor group, the discovery could «in principle allow us to disrupt or arrest this component» of the attack, says M. Reza Dana, an ophthalmologist and ocular immunologist at Harvard Medical School, perhaps by inactivating the specific set of immune cells responsible for it.

Allison pioneered immune checkpoint blockade, an approach that treats the immune system, rather than the tumor directly, by blocking molecules on T cells that shut those attack cells down, protecting tumors from immune response.

Mammals are known to fend off viruses with a system based on interferons, signaling proteins made by immune cells that amplify the body's attack on invaders.

A new optogenetic technology developed by scientists at the University of Massachusetts Medical School and Texas A&M Health Science Center Institute of Biosciences & Technology, called optogenetic immunomodulation, is capable of turning on immune cells to attack melanoma tumors in mice.

In a 2011 study, they showed that CBD helps treat MS - like symptoms in mice by preventing immune cells in their bodies from transforming and attacking the insulating covers of nerve cells in the spinal cord.

A potential solution to this problem is to reprogram other cell types into functional beta - like cells, which can produce insulin but are distinct from beta cells and therefore are not recognized or attacked by the immune system.

Autoimmune disorders result from reactions by the body's immune system which in turn attack and destroy healthy cells.

Graft - versus - host disease is a condition in which the patient's immune system is attacked by the donor stem cells.

HIV is also able to evade attack by hiding inside a person's immune cells.

Tumors escape from the fighter T - cells that would otherwise attack them, by tricking the immune system and making an environment ripe for tumor growth.

Researchers have found that pregnancy - related stress hormones shield the fetus by causing attacking immune system cells, or T cells, to self - destruct.

Researchers need to identify cells — possibly adult stem cells from the patient — that can reconstruct lung tissue without provoking attack by the immune system, the problem that plagues current transplant recipients.

Estes, who works with virologist Jeffrey Lifson, has also developed a DNAscope to visualize this HIV DNA — called the provirus — which becomes integrated into human cells and can persist for decades without being attacked by the immune system or antiretroviral (ARV) drugs.

«However, the initial mechanism by which the immune system identifies the monobenzone - exposed pigmented cells as dangerous, before attacking them, has been unclear so far,» reports Prof. Dr. Veit Hornung, who recently moved from the University of Bonn to the Ludwig - Maximilians - Universität in Munich.

Once donor blood cells mix with recipient immune cells, they blunt the immune attack by a process called negative selection, says Strober, who has spent 30 years developing the regimen.

Dr. Siqueira said she and her colleagues are now investigating whether the problem was the result of an auto - immune disorder sparked by one of the viruses that caused the immune system to attack nerve cells, similar to what occurs in Zika patients who develop Guillain - Barré Syndrome.

* In type 1 diabetes, the insulin - producing cells in the Langerhans islets of the pancreas are destroyed because they are attacked by the body's immune system (formation of islet autoantibodies against structures of the beta cells).

Unlike foreign intruders such as bacteria, tumor cells are the patient's own and hence are less viciously attacked by the immune system.

Some scientists suspect that immune cells activated by the foreign organ but lacking the CD154 signal die soon after a transplant, although it's not clear why new generations of immune cells wouldn't recognize and attack the tissue.

Certain molecules on tumors can serve as targets for attack by cells of the immune system.

In T1D, beta cells are mistakenly attacked by the body's own immune system, and much prior research has focused on ways to prevent this autoimmune response.

In a first for gene therapy, researchers have successfully treated cancer patients by genetically modifying their immune cells to attack tumors.

Previous attempts to get round this problem have included coating insulin - producing cells in a seaweed derivative prior to transplant to keep them from being attacked by the recipient's immune system.

When the immune system nonetheless attacks self - cells, that error has typically been attributed to a signaling problem, either a misspelled sign placed on the cell's doorknob or a misreading by T and B cells on the hunt.

As part of the body's normal, healthy immune response to infection, the barrier formed by blood vessel cells temporarily loosens, allowing white blood cells to exit the bloodstream and attack the invading bacteria or virus, Rehman said.