Sentences with phrase «auditory cortex»

A quantitative reduction in speech tracking as observed in the fMRI data could be a consequence of the failure of slow speech modulations to engage theta - range activity in auditory cortex during speech stimulation (Ghitza, 2012; Peelle et al., 2013).

In addition to the asymmetry of auditory cortex activation for the processing of the original music, we showed that BOLD signals were modulated by alterations of the musical stimuli.

The group interaction was not significant in the right temporal cortex [F (1,22) = 0.872; p = 0.361] where controls showed no theta - gamma dependency (Figure 2C, right), in line with the specificity of left auditory cortex for speech processing (Gross et al., 2013).

«Reorganization of brain outputs in deaf cats: Increased connections from auditory cortex to superior colliculus may support enhanced information process after hearing loss.»

In the current study, researchers found to their surprise that most of the nerve cells in auditory cortex neurons that stimulate brain activity (excitatory) had signaled less (had «weaker» activity) when the mice expected and got a reward.

As both the theta - and gamma - informed MRI models showed significant effects in left auditory cortex during movie viewing, we assessed gamma and theta oscillations engagement during movie viewing (rest vs. movie) in each group in this region.

Emotional sounds, such as crying and laughter also had a similar pattern of activity, with an area near the primary auditory cortex lighting up in dogs and humans.

The team also found an association between the delayed development of the nonprimary auditory cortex in infancy and language delays in the children at age 2, suggesting that disruptions to this part of the brain as a result of premature birth may contribute to the speech and language problems often seen later in life in preemies, Monson said.

Insight into the way the human auditory cortex manages multisensory effects could lead to better understanding of conditions that involve a deficit in audition, such as dyslexia.

Thus, the right - lateralized auditory cortex activation was attributable to the specific features of the (mainly consonant and structured) original music and was not simply an unspecific response that could have been elicited by any sound in general.

The team found that approximately five percent of the neurons in the higher auditory cortex reacted to the tutor song and that this could be indicative of where the early auditory memory is located in the brain.

Importantly, a significant difference in the right auditory cortex activity was observed when directly comparing original music vs. altered music, that is, two conditions in which musical stimuli were presented (Fig. 4).

Recording the electrical activity of neurons directly from the surface of the brain, the scientists found that for a simple task, such as repeating a word presented visually or aurally, the visual and auditory cortexes reacted first to perceive the word.

In particular, in the BOLD signal changes in response to the altered music (compared to the original music) were smaller in the right primary and secondary auditory cortex (Fig. 2 and Fig. 4), but larger in left - hemispheric superior temporal and inferior - frontal cortices (Fig. 2B).

Each type of implied sound created a unique pattern of brain activity in the «early auditory cortices» — regions thought to be devoted to the initial processing of sounds.

A new study published in PLOS Computational Biology investigates how temporal acoustic patterns can be represented by neural activity within auditory cortex, a major hub within the brain for the perception of sound.

Auditory cortex uses neural excitation and inhibition to encode temporal patterns in a sound, like the rhythm produced from a melody.

In Lahav's studies, NICU infants who heard recordings of their mothers» singing, reading stories, and talking softly, along with their heartbeats, gained more weight and increased the size of their brain's auditory cortex compared to infants who listened mostly to the white noise of the fan inside their incubators.

Froemke, who is also a faculty scholar at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, says the team next plans to assess how the hormones noradrenaline and dopamine affect auditory cortex neurons under different situations.

Babies exposed to their mothers» voices had significantly thicker auditory cortices than those in the control group, the researchers report online today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

They received white noise through their earplugs and were able to view the activity in their primary auditory cortex as a bar on a screen.

Cochlear implants stimulate activity - dependent CREB pathway in the deaf auditory cortex: implications for molecular plasticity induced by neural prosthetic devices.

The mammalian auditory cortex (AC) is essential for computing the source and decoding the information contained in sound.

We observed a negative relationship in controls in left auditory cortex [r (13) = -0.58, p = 0.037, Figure 2C, left], confirming a functional dependency between theta and gamma under physiological conditions, compatible with gamma activity being down - regulated by theta activity.

Theta activity in left auditory cortex fails to track speech modulations, and to down - regulate gamma oscillations in the group with autism.

In ASD, the left auditory cortex showed reduced syllable tracking -LRB--63, -13, 7 MNI coordinates, left Heschl's gyrus p = 0.016 FWE corrected; p = 0.156 uncorrected in right Heschl's gyrus, 62, -22, 7 MNI coordinates).

Finally, we assessed how the oscillatory spectral profiles and theta - gamma relationship observed at rest in left auditory cortex related to effects in the distributed language network during the movie.

Disruption of primary auditory cortex by synchronous auditory inputs during a critical period.

Norepinephrine is necessary for experience - dependent plasticity in the developing mouse auditory cortex.

Maintenance of enriched environment - induced changes of auditory spatial sensitivity and expression of GABAA, NMDA, and AMPA receptor subunits in rat auditory cortex.

On the other hand, the supplementary somatosensory area (S2), surrounding auditory cortex and portions of the posterior insula show reduced consistency across subjects.

About half of the whole auditory cortex lit up in dogs when listening to these noises, compared with 3 % of the same area in humans.

ASD participants showed a deficit in speech envelope tracking, as assessed by the BOLD signal, in a region of auditory cortex that overlapped with the region showing a global response deficit to the movie (Figures 1C, D).

«It shows how very strongly attuned the human auditory cortex is to vocal sounds,» Andics says.

«This allows us to search for what parts of the brain are generally activated by auditory stimuli,» he says, «and to separate an auditory field — for example [the] primary auditory cortex from higher auditory fields.»

Dennis Barbour, MD, PhD, associate professor of biomedical engineering in the School of Engineering & Applied Science who studies neurophysiology, found in an animal model that auditory cortex neurons may be encoding sounds differently than previously thought.

To confirm their prediction and learn more about where the memory of the tutor song is stored, the researchers looked at the response of neurons in the higher auditory cortex - which is a part of the specialized neural circuit - to the sound of the tutor song.

In particular, the presence of lyrics was found to shift the processing of musical features towards the right auditory cortex, which suggests a left - hemispheric dominance in the processing of the lyrics.

Note that, unlike the effect in left auditory cortex, the effect in the right posterior superior temporal sulcus is not explained by differences in EEG - BOLD correlations.

The simultaneous EEG and fMRI recordings allowed us to explore how theta power fluctuations driven by the movie correlate with local synaptic activity in auditory cortex, as indexed by the BOLD signal (Magri et al., 2012; see Materials and Methods).

If we had you hooked up to an fMRI machine we would see that your auditory cortex is active, as you're listening, as well as Wernicke's area of the brain where words are processed,» she explains.

Although the specific weighting of genetic and experiential factors in shaping early sensitivity to consonance and dissonance remains to be specified, our results indicate sensitivity of the auditory cortex to consonance and dissonance already at birth.

When newborns perceived stimuli that contained manipulations of the acoustic structure (i.e., with regard to dissonance) and manipulation of the music - syntactic structure (i.e., with regard to the shift of tonal key), we observed rather symmetrical activity of the primary auditory cortices (Fig. 4).

The thinking goes that most cases of chronic tinnitus result from changes in the signals sent from the ear to neurons in the brain's auditory cortex.

Specialized sensory neurons in the inner ear, called hair cells, are responsible for the detection of sounds, and this information is transmitted to the auditory cortex via several intermediate structures.

She and her colleagues focused on the neuronal activity in the trapezoid body, a structure located in the brainstem that forms part of the pathway that eventually leads to the auditory cortex.

They identified the regions of the auditory cortex that contribute to AAD and found that the system decoded the attention of the listener and amplified the voice he or she wanted to listen to, using only the mixed audio.

The researchers found evidence for a «voice area» in the auditory cortex of these macaques: a discrete region of the anterior temporal lobe in which activity was greater for macaque vocalizations than for other sound categories.

After noting these patterns in a several of the volunteers, the researchers were able to predict which type of video other volunteers had watched, just from the activity in the auditory cortices (Nature Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1038 / nn.2533).