Sentences with phrase «average emissions reductions»

With an estimated average emission reduction of 16 % for 2008 - 2012, they are certain to exceed their target quite comfortably.

These 21 nations show an average emissions reduction of 15 percent, but cuts in the industrial share of GDP are just 3 percent.

The average emissions reduction over 36 years is ~ 1.5 % per year.

Not exact matches

An Environmental Defense Fund - commissioned study by consultancy ICF International found that Canada's oil and gas industry could achieve a 45 per cent methane emission reduction at an average cost of $ 2.76 per tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent.

If emission reductions exceed pledges made by countries to date under the Paris Agreement, coral reefs would have another 11 years, on average, to adapt to warming seas before they are hit by annual bleaching.

Published today in the journal Nature Geoscience, the paper concludes that limiting the increase in global average temperatures above pre-industrial levels to 1.5 °C, the goal of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, is not yet geophysically impossible, but likely requires more ambitious emission reductions than those pledged so far.

A U.N. Environment Program report released last week showed that, taken together, the NDCs only account for a third of the necessary emissions reductions needed to keep global average temperatures from heating 2 degrees C above preindustrial levels.

And although companies are pledging to do more than ever to reduce emissions, «disparity [exists] between companies» strategies, targets and the emissions reductions» that climate scientists say will be necessary to limit the rise in average global temperatures to 2 degrees Celsius.

Total annual production emissions, averaged over five years, would equal about 100 grams of carbon dioxide per megajoule — which is 7 percent greater than gasoline emissions and 62 grams above the 60 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions as required by the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act.

«Given that the average capacity of the registered projects and those in the validation pipeline are in the range of 2,000 - 3,000 [megawatts], resulting in a large amount of emission reductions per project activity, extra caution should be given to ensure that the baseline emissions are estimated in a transparent and conservative manner,» the panel says in its recommendation to the Executive Board.

Limiting increases in global average temperatures to a 3.6 F target would require significant reductions in carbon pollution levels and ultimately eliminating net greenhouse gas emissions altogether, the report says.

Even if the average U.K. citizen were to fall in line with dietary guidelines set forth by the World Health Organization (which most do not), the study estimates there would be a 17 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.

If Americans in the highest - impact group shifted their diets to align with the U.S. average — by consuming fewer overall calories and relying less on meat — the one - day greenhouse - gas emissions reduction would be equivalent to eliminating 661 million passenger - vehicle miles, according to the researchers.

As the draft rule stands, EPA asks states to achieve a specific average reduction in their emissions rate for the years 2020 through 2029.

Moderate reductions in emissions of heat - trapping gases — sufficient to stop global emissions growth by 2040 and bring emissions down to half their current levels by the 2070s — can avoid those paralyzing extremes and limit the expected late - century experience of the average American to about 18 dangerously humid days a year.

Reductions in emissions from deforestation, in particular in the Amazon, have made a major contribution to global efforts to control global warming; since 2005 the Amazon has seen its deforestation rate drop 77 % below the historic average.

As auto makers, federal policy makers and environmentalists get ready to craft the next round of U.S. corporate average fuel economy, Tonkin raps an Environmental Protection Agency proposal to improve fuel - economy and carbon - dioxide - emissions reductions equivalent by as much as 62 mpg (3.9 L / 100 km).

In all, the reduction in average CO2 emissions achieved by the BMW Group, as calculated by the German Motor Vehicle Registration Authority, is four times greater than the average figure for all car makers operating in the German market.

Featuring an immediate restart with virtually no engine sound or vibration, the system delivers significant reductions in CO2 emissions during urban driving, and can lower average fuel consumption by up to 3 %, depending on driving conditions.

Average CO2 emissions for both vehicles are 169g / km, a reduction of 26 % and average fuel economy of both cars is 6.4 L / 100 km (15.625 kAverage CO2 emissions for both vehicles are 169g / km, a reduction of 26 % and average fuel economy of both cars is 6.4 L / 100 km (15.625 kaverage fuel economy of both cars is 6.4 L / 100 km (15.625 km / l).

In isolation, it provides an average three per cent reduction in fuel consumption and emissions.

According to figures monitored by European car industry association ACEA, Volvo Car Group delivered an industry - leading reduction of average fleet emissions by 8.4 percent from 2012 to 2013.

In addition, the ARB says this Honda model has lower greenhouse gas emissions than the fleet average standard required by all cars in 2025, the equivalent of a 50 - percent reduction from current required levels.

According to a new lifecycle analysis by a team at Carnegie Mellon University, a battery electric vehicle (BEV) powered with natural gas - based electricity achieves around an average 40 % lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction when compared to a conventional gasoline vehicle.

The reduction in size and weight was implemented to improve fuel economy and emissions as a result of the United States Federal Government passage of Corporate Average Fuel Economy regulations.

(a) To hold the increase in the global average temperature [below 1.5 °C][or][well below 2 °C] above pre-industrial levels by ensuring deep reductions in global greenhouse gas [net] emissions;...

If I understand them, a reduction of 50 - 85 % of CO2 emissions will be required to stabilize at year 2000 levels, which may be expected to produce a global average temperature rise of around 2C.

Future projections show that, for most scenarios assuming no additional GHG emission reduction policies, atmospheric concentrations of GHGs are expected to continue climbing for most if not all of the remainder of this century, with associated increases in average temperature.

Taking account of their historic responsibility, as well as the need to secure climate justice for the world's poorest and most vulnerable communities, developed countries must commit to legally binding and ambitious emission reduction targets consistent with limiting global average surface warming to well below 1.5 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels and long - term stabilization of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations at well below below 350 p.p.m., and that to achieve this the agreement at COP15 U.N.F.C.C.C. should include a goal of peaking global emissions by 2015 with a sharp decline thereafter towards a global reduction of 85 percent by 2050,

Global average surface temperature anomalies, 2000 - 2100, as projected by MAGICC run with the original RCPs as well as with the set of RCPs modified to reflect the EPA 30 % emissions reductions from U.S power plants.

Stern is referring to an eventual target of a global figure of one tonne emissions average per person per year, a reduction of 80 % by developed countries by 2050, and assumes all countries will join in with varying degrees of carbon mitigation (this was before the Copenhagen summit).

Sony's new targets would lead the company to an average annual reduction of operational emissions of 2.1 per cent per annum in the period comprised between 2000 and 2020.

In addition to Sony's operational emission reduction targets, the company is also announcing additional 2020 commitments including a goal to reduce the annual energy use of their products by 30 per cent on average (compared to 2013 levels), a goal to increase the use of renewable energy, a target to reduce logistic - related emissions by 10 per cent, and a program to engage suppliers and contract manufacturers to reduce their GHG emissions.

- Targets add up to an average five per cent emissions reduction compared to 1990 levels over the five - year period 2008 to 2012.

20The modeled trajectory attempts to impose lower carbon reductions in the early compliance years, within the constraints of maintaining the 10 - year average interim emission performance goals, and not require any state to reduce its annual emission performance goal below its final 2030 target in any compliance year.

Accordingly, unless action is taken to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, climate change could cut the projected improvement in food availability by approximately a third by 2050, which in turn would lead to average per - person reductions in food availability of 3.2 %, or 99 kcal, fruit and vegetable intake by 4.0 %, or 14.9 grams per day, and red meat consumption by 0.7 %, or 0.5 grams per day.

Projections for regionally averaged temperature increases by the middle of the century (2046 - 2065) relative to 1979 - 2000 are approximately 3.8 °F for a scenario with substantial emissions reductions (B1) and 4.9 °F with continued growth in global emissions (A2).

On a seasonal basis the ranges between the daily maximum, minimum and average are all listed and the lowest ratio is that the daily minimum temperature range over the year is 77,000 times greater than the temperature difference that would result from the proposed 30 % reduction in emissions.

• Solar generating capacity continues to be rolled out, as costs decline expanding to supply the seasonal maximum of daily average, with pumped hydro to provide daily balancing until superior technologies come on - line, and open - cycle gas turbines shifting to a purely back - up function, with consequent substantial reductions in overall fossil CO2 emissions.

One Planet Living principle Masdar Target ZERO CARBON 100 per cent of energy supplied by renewable energy — Photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, wind, waste to energy and other technologies ZERO WASTE 99 per cent diversion of waste from landfill (includes waste reduction measures, re-use of waste wherever possible, recycling, composting, waste to energy) SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT Zero carbon emissions from transport within the city; implementation of measures to reduce the carbon cost of journeys to the city boundaries (through facilitating and encouraging the use of public transport, vehicle sharing, supporting low emissions vehicle initiatives) SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS Specifying high recycled materials content within building products; tracking and encouraging the reduction of embodied energy within material sand throughout the construction process; specifying the use of sustainable materials such as Forest Stewardship Council certified timber, bamboo and other products SUSTAINABLE FOOD Retail outlets to meet targets for supplying organic food and sustainable and or fair trade products SUSTAINABLE WATER Per capita water consumption to be at least 50 per cent less than the national average; all waste water to be re-used HABITATS AND WILDLIFE All valuable species to be conserved or relocated with positive mitigation targets CULTURE AND HERITAGE Architecture to integrate local values.

In fact, significant emission reductions of 60 % -80 % compared to 1990 will be necessary by 2050 to reach the strategic objective of limiting the global average temperature increase to not more than 2 °C above pre-industrial levels.

By setting clear, «science - based» emissions reduction targets, companies ensure their plans for carbon reduction meet the level of ambition needed to limit the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 °C.

Annual average surface pollutant responses (parts per trillion by volume, pptv) to 30 % reduction in North American industrial and power generation emissions (top, showing sulfate) and Developing Asian domestic fuel burning emissions (bottom, showing black carbon) in the NASA GISS ModelE (left column) and the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model (right column).

' emissions reduction targets, companies ensure their plans for carbon reduction meet the level of ambition needed to limit the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 °C.

This chart uses historical GHG emissions data and the targets and timetables in submitted pre-2020 pledges (for 2020 reductions) and INDCs to estimate the average annual change in emissions (decarbonization rate) from 2020 - 2030.

C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, 12 California, 7, 68, 102, 128, 169 - 170, 187, 196, 232 - 234, 245 California Energy Commission, 232 Cambridge Media Environment Programme (CMEP), 167 - 168 Cambridge University, 102 Cameron, David, 11, 24, 218 Cameroon, 25 Campbell, Philip, 165 Canada, 22, 32, 64, 111, 115, 130, 134, 137, 156 - 157, 166, 169, 177, 211, 222, 224 - 226, 230, 236, 243 Canadian Meteorological and Oceanographic Society (CMOS), 15 Cap - and - trade, 20, 28, 40 - 41, 44, 170, 175 allowances (permits), 41 - 42, 176, 243 Capitalism, 34 - 35, 45 Capps, Lois, 135 Car (see vehicle) Carbon, 98, 130 Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), 192 Carbon Capture and Storage Association, 164 Carbon credits (offsets), 28 - 29, 42 - 43, 45 Carbon Cycle, 80 - 82 Carbon dioxide (CO2), 9, 18, 23, 49 - 51, 53, 55, 66 - 67, 72 - 89, 91, 98 - 99, 110, 112, 115, 118, 128 - 132, 137, 139, 141 - 144, 152, 240 emissions, 12, 18 - 25, 28 - 30, 32 - 33, 36 - 38, 41 - 44, 47, 49, 53, 55, 71 - 72, 74, 77 - 78, 81 - 82, 108 - 109, 115, 132, 139, 169, 186, 199 - 201, 203 - 204, 209 - 211, 214, 217, 219, 224, 230 - 231, 238, 241, 243 - 244 Carbon Dioxide Analysis Center, 19 Carbon Expo, 42 Carbon, footprint, 3, 13, 29, 35, 41, 45, 110, 132 tax, 20, 44, 170 trading, 13, 20, 40, 43, 44, 176, 182 Carbon monoxide (CO), 120 Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC), 44 Carlin, George, 17 Carter, Bob, 63 Carter, Jimmy, 186, 188 Cato Institute, 179 CBS, 141, 146 Center for Disease Control, 174 Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, 62, 139 Centre for Policy Studies, 219 CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research), 96 Chavez, Hugo, 34 Chicago Tribune, 146 China, 29, 32 - 33, 60 - 62, 120, 169, 176, 187 - 188, 211, 216, 225 - 226, 242 - 243 China's National Population and Planning Commission, 33 Chinese Academy of Sciences, 60 Chirac, Jacques, 36 Chlorofluorocarbons, 42 - 43, 50 Choi, Yong - Sang, 88 Christy, John, 105 Churchill, Winston, 214, 220 Chu, Steven, 187 Citibank (Citigroup), 40, 176 Clean Air Act, 85, 128 - 129 Clean Development Mechanism, 42 Climate Action Partnership, 14 Climate alarm, 4, 13, 21, 32, 35, 38, 56, 102 - 103, 115 - 117, 120, 137, 156, 168, 173, 182 Climate Audit, 66 Climate change, adaptation, 39, 110, 112 mitigation, 16, 39, 110 Climate Change and the Failure of Democracy, 34 Climate Change: Picturing the Science, 121 Climate Change Reconsidered, 242 Climate conference, 38 Cancun, 18, 29, 36 - 37, 124 - 125, 242 Copenhagen, 33, 36, 109, 125, 156, 158, 175, 241 - 242 Durban, 13, 36 - 37, 166, 242 - 243 Climategate, 2, 67, 152, 158 - 170, 180, 182, 242 Climate Protection Agreement, 12 Climate Research Unit (CRU), 48, 67, 120, 147, 152 - 153, 158 - 160, 162 - 163, 165 - 167, 169 Climate Science Register, 142 Climatism, definition, 2, 7 Clinton, Bill, 176, 178 Clinton Global Initiative, 176 CLOUD project, 96 Club of Rome, 21, 186 CO2Science, 59, 61 - 62, 66, 131 Coal, 19 - 20, 39 - 41, 80, 126, 128 - 129, 175, 185 - 186, 188 - 190, 192 - 196, 199 - 201, 209, 214, 217, 219, 222, 229 Coase, Ronald, 145 Coca - Cola, 138 Cogley, Graham, 156 Cohen, David, 220 Colorado State University, 117, 181 Columbia University, 7 Columbus, Christopher, 58 Computer models, 16, 51 - 53, 56, 67, 72, 74,77 - 79, 82, 87, 89 - 91, 94, 105, 110 - 111, 120, 124, 138 - 140, 168, 171,173, 181, 238, 240, 246 Conference on the Changing Atmosphere, 15 Consensus, scientific, 12 Copenhagen Business School, 134 Coral, 53 Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 22 - 23 Cosmic Rays, 72, 93 - 99, 180 Credit Suisse, 176 Crow, Cheryl, 30 Crowley, Tom, 167 Cuadrilla Resources, 224 - 225 Curry, Judith, 164, 167 Cycles, natural, 3, 16, 57, 62 - 63, 66 - 69, 72, 80, 99, 103, 138, 238, 240 Milankovich, 62, 67, 80 Cyprus, 134 Czech Republic, 12, 37

Requires the President, if the NAS report finds that emission reduction targets are not on schedule or that global actions will not maintain safe global average surface temperature and atmospheric GHG concentration thresholds, to submit a plan by July 1, 2015, to Congress identifying domestic and international actions that will achieve necessary additional GHG reductions.

Now, the only way that a business recession could cause a temporary rise in average global temperatures is for the reduced industrial activity to result in a reduction in the amount of SO2 aerosol emissions into the troposphere.

Maps show projected change in average surface air temperature in the later part of this century (2071 - 2099) relative to the later part of the last century (1970 - 1999) under a scenario that assumes substantial reductions in heat trapping gases (B1) and a higher emissions scenario that assumes continued increases in global emissions (A2).

This factor, when multiplied times the amount of reduction in tropospheric aerosol emissions, between 1975 and another later year will give the average global temperature for that year (per NASA's J - D land - ocean temperature index values) to within less than a tenth of a degree C. of actuality (when temporary natural variations due to El Nino's, La Nina's, and volcanic eruptions are accounted for).