The solid blue line indicates 2012; the dashed green line shows 2007; and the thick solid gray line indicates
average extent from 1979 to 2000.
The solid blue line indicates 2013; the dashed green line shows 2012; and the thick solid gray line indicates the new NSIDC baseline
average extent from 1981 to 2010.
The solid light blue line indicates 2008; the dashed green line shows 2007; and the solid gray line indicates
average extent from 1979 to 2000.
The solid gray line indicates
average extent from 1979 to 2000.
Last year also saw a new record for highest
average extent from April to September.
The solid blue line indicates 2013; the dashed green line shows 2012; and the solid gray line indicates
average extent from 1979 to 2000.
Not exact matches
Therefore, whether current households suffer
from inter-generational inequity depends on whether one believes that the
average size of houses is a free individual choice or, at least to some
extent, is being imposed by the construction industry and society more generally.
We have much better — and more conclusive — evidence for climate change
from more boring sources like global temperature
averages, or the
extent of global sea ice, or thousands of years» worth of C02 levels stored frozen in ice cores.
Nonetheless, it is clear
from the national accounts that demand growth remained faster than
average during 2004 but that, to a large
extent, this was met by rising imports and declining inventories rather than by commensurate growth in output.
He, like walcott used to (and to some
extent still does), benefits
from this excessive hype, where his good games seem to be remembered a lot longer than his poor or
average games.
Extent to which constituencies» population per TD ratios vary
from state
average for different seat number options (and likelihood of boundary changes being made to these — as highlighted in yellow / blue)
Apart
from Goring, Hitler and to a certain
extent Goebbels, most Nazis lacked both intellect and talent and it's extremely worrying how such a bunch of
average miss - fits acqauired so muchg power through sheer thuggery
Satellites show the
extent of Arctic sea ice on Sept. 16, 2012 as compared to the
average minimum
from the past 30 years (yellow line).
Though slightly larger than last year, the minimum sea ice
extent 2017 is
average for the past ten years and far below the numbers
from 1979 to 2006.
In fact, the
average September Arctic sea ice
extent is down almost 1 million square miles
from where it was about 30 years ago.
The gray - shaded region shows two standard deviations
from the
average daily sea ice
extent.
According to data
from NOAA analyzed by the Rutgers Global Snow Lab, the Northern Hemisphere snow cover
extent during April was 890,000 square miles below the 1981 — 2010
average.
The team combined field surveys with airborne mapping and high - resolution satellite monitoring to show that the geographic
extent of mining has increased 400 %
from 1999 to 2012 and that the
average annual rate of forest loss has tripled since the Great Recession of 2008.
The
average Arctic sea ice
extent for November 2016 was 750,000 square miles (17.7 percent) below the 1981 — 2010
average, according to analysis by the National Snow and Ice Data Center using data
from NOAA and NASA.
The
average Arctic sea ice
extent for October 2016 was 980,000 square miles (28.5 percent) below the 1981 — 2010
average, according to analysis by the National Snow and Ice Data Center using data
from NOAA and NASA.
The
average Arctic sea ice
extent for December was 4.67 million square miles, according to analysis by the National Snow and Ice Data Center based on data
from NOAA and NASA.
To the
extent that one believes that states that expected to gain the most
from accountability policies adopted them prior to NCLB, one might view the results we present as an underestimate of the
average effect of school accountability.
Figure 9 shows the
extent to which Democrats, on
average, differ
from Republicans on a given issue.
Despite this, the findings gathered
from the country reports indicate that on
average, dedicated subjects, and to some
extent both academic and non-academic «carrier» subjects, are allocated less time in school timetables than subjects such as language, mathematics and science.
Of course, some children
from impoverished backgrounds will outperform typical children
from literate and secure backgrounds, but on
average, the
extent to which children come to school prepared to take advantage of what school has to offer is a more important predictor than what even the best school can do.
Unlike correlation, which is a measure of timing, dispersion is a measure of magnitude — specifically, of the
extent to which the return of the
average stock differs
from the market
average.
Surely you can not simply take an
average of the past few years as stated in your valuation given some not - so - minor changes such as the BNSF acquisition, changes in earnings stream due to large investments in GS, GE, etc, etc... To the
extent that you base your valuation on reported EPS at all (bad idea as noted above), shouldn't you have a forward looking approach rather than just extrapolating
from the past?
Because the 2008 low was so far below the September
average, the negative trend in September
extent has been pulled downward,
from — 10.7 % per decade to — 11.7 % per decade (Figure 3).
It is closely connected to metrics related to return times (i.e. if areal
extent of extremely hot anomalies in any one summer increases by a factor of 10, then the return time at an
average location goes
from 1 in 330 years to 1 in 33 years).
In other words, the reading for May 2008 is compared to the ice
extent from May 2007 and also to the
average, for the month of May,
from 1979 - 2000.
The Sep
average extent data
from NSIDC for 1979 - 2011 has a maximum in 1996.
There can / will be local and regional, latitudinal, diurnal and seasonal, and internal variability - related deviations to the pattern (in temperature and in optical properties (LW and SW)
from components (water vapor, clouds, snow, etc.) that vary with weather and climate), but the global
average effect is at least somewhat constrained by the global
average vertical distribution of solar heating, which requires the equilibrium net convective + LW fluxes, in the global
average, to be sizable and upward at all levels
from the surface to TOA, thus tending to limit the
extent and magnitude of inversions.)
(if there is scattering and absorption, then the intensity at some location will be a weighted
average of the Planck function over some volume that may to some
extent surround the location; if there is only scattering, then the intensity will be a weighted
average of the Planck function at the emitting surfaces (surface, space) depending on how much is scattered
from where.)
The orange line shows the
average sea - ice
extent on that date based on measurements taken
from 1981 to 2010
The monthly
average is then calculated
from the September daily
extents.
Randles, 4.3 + / -1.1, Statistical This method attempts to predict the residual
from a Gompertz fit of NSIDC
average September
Extent by linear regression using the residual
from a Gompertz fit of Cryosphere Today area at 31May.
Based on this hypothesis the PIOMAS April
average volume is calculated
from PIOMAS gridded data and the relationship between April volume and September
extent is used as a predictor.
Figure 4: Seasonal and annual (with a 12 - month running
average) northern hemisphere snow cover
extent (data
from Rutgers University Global Snow Lab)
(Right)
Extents and thicknesses of the Greenland Ice Sheet and western Canadian and Iceland glaciers at their minimum
extent during the last interglacial, shown as a multi-model
average from three ice models.
Nevertheless, to the
extent that such an effect exists for Tmax, most cities that have grown over the last few years will be above their
averages just
from the increasing UHI component.
It is also clear
from their graph that the 2013
extent was virtually identical to the
average in both regions (Fig. 1).
Both these measures put 2011 as the second lowest on record and this year's ice
extent was 938,000 square miles below the
average from the period 1979 to 2000.
The mean
extent of the ice has been decreasing since 1980
from the
average winter value of 15,600,000 km2 (6,023,200 sq mi) at a rate of 3 % per decade.
Look at Tamino's graph of
average annual
extent for the period
from @ 1995 - 1995, or 1990 - 2000.
Using
average rates of decline based on data
from 1979 - 2000 gives a minimum
extent to be significantly lower than the 5.5 million square kilometers earlier forecasted by Stroeve et al..
The Rutgers University Global Snow Lab has daily, weekly and monthly data for snow
extent as well as data for the monthly departure
from average.
The
average Arctic sea ice
extent for December was 4.67 million square miles, according to analysis by the National Snow and Ice Data Center based on data
from NOAA and NASA.
Figure 1: This image compares the
average sea ice
extent for September 2007 to September 2005; the magenta line indicates the long - term median
from 1979 to 2000.
According to data
from NOAA analyzed by the Rutgers Global Snow Lab, the Northern Hemisphere snow cover
extent during December was 17.5 million square miles, which is 550,000 square miles above the 1981 — 2010
average.
From October 1 to 15, ice
extent increased only 378,000 square kilometers (146,000 square miles), less than a third of the 1981 to 2010
average gain for that period.