This image illustrates how cold December was compared to
the average of temperatures recorded in December between 2000 and 2008.
The corresponding
averaging of the temperature record to the same resolution of the proxy was graphically shown by David Middleton at WUWT in: Simple Test of Marcott et al., 2013 Posted on March 11, 2013, especially his Fig showing 140 year averaging.
The numbers are
an average of temperature records from the three main global surface data sets kept at the U.K.'s Hadley Center, at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), as well as at NASA.
Not exact matches
During the first third
of the year, from January through April, the
average temperature for the contiguous United States was 4 degrees Fahrenheit above the 20th - century
average, making this period the second warmest on
record, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The
average temperature was 57.1 degrees F, up from the old
record, in 1998, which landed an
average of 54.3 degrees F. «We had our fourth warmest winter (2011/2012) on
record, our warmest spring, a very hot summer with the hottest month on
record for the nation (July 2012), and a warmer than
average autumn,» Jake Crouch, a scientist at the National Climatic Data Center, told NBC News.
Scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has
records of average temperatures around the globe dating back to the late 1800s, and they're saying that July 2015 had the highest
average temperatures ever
recorded.
It was a «roller - coaster ride»
of a growing year that ended with a long, likely below -
average - sized harvest punctuated by
record September
temperatures and October wildfires...
Last week Gavin Schmidt, head
of NASA's Goddard Institute
of Space Studies, estimated that the
average global
temperature in 2016 could range from about 1.1 °C above preindustrial to only slightly below 1.5 °C, based on GISS's
temperature record and its definition
of pre-industrial (other
records and definitions vary).
Modern researchers have combined the fragmentary, overlapping
records they left behind into a series
of annual
temperatures averaged over the region, which stretches from England's south coast 175 miles north to Manchester.
IPCC estimates, using the best and longest
record available, show that the difference between the 1986 - 2005 global
average temperature value used in most
of the Panel's projections, and pre-industrial global
average temperature, is 0.61 °C (0.55 - 0.67).
The main drivers
of El Niño conditions, ocean
temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific, were as high as 3 °C above the
average, making this event one
of the three most intense El Niños on
record.
Comparisons
of climate
records from just a half - century ago show that
temperatures here have risen, on
average, 21/2 to 3 degrees Celsius.
The statewide
average temperature for the first six months
of 2014 was 1.1 degree F warmer than it has been for the past 120 years
of records
The
record exemplifies a
temperature pattern that has held across the country for much
of the year, with above -
average temperatures in the West and below
average in the East.
What's more, there are several long - term
records of global annual
average surface
temperatures.
From the end
of February until their final hours as they froze to death huddled in a tent, Scott's team endured steady
temperatures nearly 20 degrees below those
recorded on
average days in the 1990s, the researchers report.
Land and Ocean Combined: The combined
average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces for August 2014 was the
record highest for the month, at 61.45 °F (16.35 °C), or 1.35 °F (0.75 °C) above the 20th century
average of 60.1 °F (15.6 °C).
Land Only: The global land
temperature was the fifth highest on
record for June - August, at 1.64 °F (0.91 °C) above the 20th century
average of 56.9 °F (13.8 °C).
Ocean Only: The August global sea surface
temperature was 1.17 °F (0.65 °C) above the 20th century
average of 61.4 °F (16.4 °C), the highest on
record for August.
Ocean Only: The June - August global sea surface
temperature was 1.13 °F (0.63 °C), above the 20th century
average of 61.5 °F (16.4 °C), the highest for June - August on
record.
Land Only: The August global land
temperature was the second highest for August on
record, behind only 1998, at 1.78 °F (0.99 °C) above the 20th century
average of 56.9 °F (13.8 °C), with a margin
of error
of + / - 0.43 °F (0.24 °C).
If 2014 maintains this
temperature departure from
average for the remainder
of the year, it will be the warmest year on
record.
The last decade has been one
of the warmest on
record for the polar region, with 2007 summer
temperatures having risen 9 degrees Fahrenheit above
average in some areas.
«The new
record high calendar year
temperature averaged across Australia is remarkable because it occurred not in an El Niño year, but a normal year,» David Karoly, a climate scientist from the School
of Earth Sciences, University
of Melbourne, said in an emailed statement.
According to NOAA, the global
average ocean
temperature for the first half
of the year is 1.42 °F (0.79 °C) above the 20th century
average, the largest such departure in 137 years
of records.
Last year was the third hottest on
record in the United States, with an
average temperature of 54.6 degrees Fahrenheit — 2.6 F above
average.
«The long - term baseline
temperature is about three tens
of a degree (C) warmer than it was when the big El Niño
of 1997 - 1998 began, and that event set the one - month
record with an
average global
temperature that was 0.66 C (almost 1.2 degrees F) warmer than normal in April 1998.»
January through August
of 1998 are all in the 14 warmest months in the satellite
record, and that El Niño started when global
temperatures were somewhat chilled; the global
average temperature in May 1997 was 0.14 C (about 0.25 degrees F) cooler than the long - term seasonal norm for May.
So the report notes that the current «pause» in new global
average temperature records since 1998 — a year that saw the second strongest El Nino on
record and shattered warming
records — does not reflect the long - term trend and may be explained by the oceans absorbing the majority
of the extra heat trapped by greenhouse gases as well as the cooling contributions
of volcanic eruptions.
Ruiz, who contributed to the report, noted that an analysis
of weather
records at one páramo research station showed increases in minimum
temperatures were almost twice that
of lower elevations, while increases in maximum
temperatures jumped to nearly three times the
average at lower elevations.
That's the finding
of a new study published on Thursday in Science, which uses updated information about how
temperature is
recorded, particularly at sea, to take a second look at the global
average temperature.
The June 2013 globally -
averaged temperature across ocean surfaces was the 10th highest in the 134 - year period
of record, at 0.48 °C (0.86 °F) above the 20th century
average.
Then argue for immediate overwhelming action since when
of course the higher
temperatures will naturally happen that will then naturally
average out the entire relevant
temperature record to the long - term middle - range amounts predicted by the consensus
of the world's best climate science, well, it'll be pretty bad.
The Southern Hemisphere
temperature was 0.56 °C (1.01 °F) above
average, the fourth highest on
record for this part
of the world.
The
average global sea surface
temperature tied with 2010 as the second highest for January — August in the 135 - year period
of record, behind 1998, while the
average land surface
temperature was the fifth highest.
With
records dating back to 1880, the global
temperature across the world's land and ocean surfaces for August 2014 was 0.75 °C (1.35 °F) higher than the 20th century
average of 15.6 °C (60.1 °F).
Warmest October
of record at #Barrow,
average temperature 30.1 F. Every Oct since 2001 has been significantly above long term
average #akwx pic.twitter.com / POtOshzzQZ
Outside
of the contiguous U.S., Alaska has continued to see stunningly high
temperatures: For the year - to - date, the state's
average temperature is running 6.7 °F (3.7 °C) above normal and 2.5 °F (1.4 °C) above the previous
record of 1926.
Granted, while the globally
averaged annual
temperatures for the years since the
record warm year
of 1998 have not exceeded the 1998
record, the global
temperatures since 1998 have remained high, ranking as the second, third and fourth warmest years
of the last 125 years (and quit possibly the last 2,000 + years).
A number
of recent studies indicate that effects
of urbanisation and land use change on the land - based
temperature record are negligible (0.006 ºC per decade) as far as hemispheric - and continental - scale
averages are concerned because the very real but local effects are avoided or accounted for in the data sets used.
Much
of central and northern Alaska had much above
average temperatures during 2015, while the Aleutians and parts
of southern Alaska, including the panhandle were
record warm, The 2014/15 winter
temperature across Alaska was 11.6 °F, 8.0 °F above
average.
The annually -
averaged temperature for ocean surfaces around the world was 0.74 °C (1.33 °F) higher than the 20th century
average, easily breaking the previous
record of 2014 by 0.11 °C (0.20 °F).
The global land
temperature for 2015 was 1.33 °C (2.39 °F) above the 20th century
average, surpassing the previous
records of 2007 and 2010 by 0.25 °C (0.45 °F).
Extreme heat is one
of the hallmarks
of global warming; as the
average temperature of the planet rises,
record heat becomes much more likely than
record cold.
In a key region
of the tropical Pacific, the November
average sea surface
temperature beat out
records from 1983 and 1997, according to the European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts.
March was the 12th warmest on
record for the contiguous U.S. with above
average temperatures across the western half
of the nation and Southeast.
Following its warmest year on
record in 2013 and third warmest in 2014, 2015 remained warm in Australia, with the country experiencing its fifth highest nationally -
averaged annual
temperature in the 106 - year period
of record, with a mean
temperature 0.83 °C (1.49 °F) higher than the 1961 — 1990
average, according to the Bureau
of Meteorology.
While the lows being hit each day or week that winter weren't outside
of what had been experienced in the historical
record, the persistence
of that cold across the season, with day after day
of below -
average temperatures, was notable.
By the end
of the year, that pattern had flipped, with
record and near -
record temperatures across most
of the East and near - to below -
average temperatures for much
of the West, associated with much needed above
average precipitation across the region.
In the West and Southeast, twenty - eight states, including Alaska, had an
average temperature that was much above
average, or falling in the warmest third
of the historical
record.