They worked out how these proportions would change if
the average planetary temperatures reach 2 °C above the «normal» of the pre-industrial world, and they found that human - induced global warming could already be responsible for 18 % of extremes of rain or snow, and 75 % of heatwaves worldwide.
Average planetary temperatures increased by a «net» of 0.7 degrees C (1.3 F) between 1900 and 2000, as atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continued to rise — but not in a straight line: they rose 1900 - 1940, cooled 1940 - 1975 and warmed 1975 - 1995.
Over the past 16 years, while CO2 levels continued to increase «dramatically,»
average planetary temperatures did not budge.
See the attached paper that shows there is a significant correlation of
average planetary temperature and the solar index - ak.
The last glacial maximum peaked 20,000 years ago at about 8 - 9C lower
average planetary temperature than today.
Not exact matches
But for
planetary scientists, Jupiter's most distinctive mystery may be what's called the «energy crisis» of its upper atmosphere: how do
temperatures average about as warm as Earth's even though the enormous planet is more than fives times further away from the sun?
For a long time now climatologists have been tracking the global
average air
temperature as a measure of
planetary climate variability and trends, even though this metric reflects just a tiny fraction of Earth's net energy or heat content.
Researcher Wang Mou from the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences outlined a
planetary carbon budget in which adding 2,771 gigatons (a gigaton equals one billion tons) of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere above the level in 1900 would still keep the
average global
temperature below the 2 degree Celsius threshold.
Reading more about
planetary temperatures, I find the Universe Today has a page quoting «The
average temperature on Earth is 7.2 °C.».
Since there is no appreciable long - term trend in
planetary temperature, it may be concluded that this budget is essentially zero on a global long - term
average.
One of these, reported in Earth and
Planetary Science Letters, coincided with a spell between the Ice Ages, more than 115,000 years ago, when the Earth's
average atmospheric
temperatures rose by about 4 °C hotter than the 20th - century
average.
Now I did use the word «
averages over the
planetary surface», but these obviously weighted
averages - the effective
temperature is weighted by the fourth power of itself, and the effective emissivity is weighted by the forth power of local
temperature.
Then they settled down to calculate the likelihood that a proportion of past heatwaves or floods could be linked to a measured
average rise in
planetary temperatures so far of 0.85 °C.
But some stays in the atmosphere to raise
planetary temperatures to increasingly alarming levels − with carbon dioxide ratios having tipped 400 parts per million, and global
average temperatures on
average having already risen by 1 °C.
While calculations indicate that global
average temperatures should be rising predictably, the
planetary thermometers tell a different story.
Australian scientists have warned that
planetary average temperatures could breach the internationally agreed target barrier of a 1.5 °C riseas early as 2026.
If the 195 nations that signed a climate accord in Paris in 2015 actually honour their collective vow to contain
planetary average warming to about 1.5 °C above historic
averages, there will still be record - breaking
temperatures and more intense extremes of wet and dry — but over a smaller proportion of the globe, according to a new study.