April 2018 saw very dry conditions, indicated by much below average relative humidity and soil moisture, and below
average precipitation in south and central Argentina, in Australia, in Mexico and southwestern USA, and in eastern China.
April was the first month for over a year with above
average precipitation in this region, somewhat relieving the generally dry situation.
Both suggest above -
average precipitation in California.
A positive NAO index, which leads to Atlantic depressions following a northerly course over Europe, bringing mild and rainy winters — is accompanied with higher air pressure over southern Europe — and clearly below
average precipitation in Spain.
E.g., getting half a year's
average precipitation in a week, in an area 1/10 of the prediction cell size..
The winter season brought much below
average precipitation in most of the European region.
Anomalies in annual
average precipitation in mm per day in three experiments: (a) wNA, (b) Amazon, (c) wNA + Amazon.
Previous climate models have shown that there didn't appear to be much change in annual
average precipitation in California or changes were unknown, even under aggressive warming scenarios.
Above -
average precipitation in California and other parts of the West doesn't necessarily mean there will be fewer wildfires this season — the Golden State has already seen more than twice as many acres burned as it did last year.
Total
average precipitation in the Craters of the Moon area is between 15 — 20 inches (380 — 510 mm) per year.
Not exact matches
Expected La Niña... Potential impacts
in the United States include an enhanced chance for below -
average precipitation across much of the South, while above -
average precipitation is favored for the northern Plains.
Since it's
in a polar desert where the
average temperature is minus 3.46 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 19.7 degrees Celsius),
precipitation can't explain the cascade, gushing through the Arctic permafrost at nearly 137 gallons per second.
The properties of the climate system include not just familiar concepts of
averages of temperature,
precipitation, and so on but also the state of the ocean and the cryosphere (sea ice, the great ice sheets
in Greenland and Antarctica, glaciers, snow, frozen ground, and ice on lakes and rivers).
In some tropical and subtropical regions it is more common to speak of the rainy (or wet, or monsoon) season versus the dry season, as the amount of
precipitation may vary more dramatically than the
average temperature.
To produce visualizations that show temperature and
precipitation changes similar to those included
in the IPCC report, the NASA Center for Climate Simulation calculated
average temperature and
precipitation changes from models that ran the four different emissions scenarios.
The changes shown
in these maps compare an
average of the model projections to the
average temperature and
precipitation benchmarks observed from 1971 - 2000.
In France, even with a drier than average June, total summer (June - August) precipitation was more than 140 percent of average, marking one of the 10 wettest summers since national records began in 195
In France, even with a drier than
average June, total summer (June - August)
precipitation was more than 140 percent of
average, marking one of the 10 wettest summers since national records began
in 195
in 1959.
Because the models predict little
average precipitation increase nationwide over this period, the product of CAPE and
precipitation gives about a 12 percent rise
in cloud - to - ground lightning strikes per degree
in the contiguous U.S., or a roughly 50 percent increase by 2100 if Earth sees the expected 4 - degree Celsius increase (7 degrees Fahrenheit)
in temperature.
In this region, the average temperature has risen 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) in the last 50 years and the average precipitation has risen by 2.1 inches per year over the past 25 year
In this region, the
average temperature has risen 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit)
in the last 50 years and the average precipitation has risen by 2.1 inches per year over the past 25 year
in the last 50 years and the
average precipitation has risen by 2.1 inches per year over the past 25 years.
With an
average annual
precipitation of more than 10 meters
in some locales, slopes sport temperate rainforests and shrubby ecosystems that trap soil before it can wash away to the seas, where its ability to scrub CO2 from the air would cease.
Although the rising
average global surface temperature is an indicator of the degree of disruption that we have imposed on the global climate system, what's actually happening involves changes
in circulation patterns, changes
in precipitation patterns, and changes
in extremes.
For example, westerly wind and air temperature can cause a 7 - ounce change
in average chick weights, as compared to 3.5 - ounce change caused by wind speed and
precipitation.
In Germany, where the rains fell over a shorter period, they examined the one - day maximum
precipitation for the hardest hit region, while for France, where rains were longer - lasting and more widespread, they looked at the three - day
averaged precipitation for the Seine and Loire river valleys.
The August CONUS
precipitation total was slightly below
average and ranked
in the driest third of the historical record.
The end of summer
in the Southern Hemisphere was a dry one for Australia, with February receiving just 49 percent of
average monthly
precipitation, marking the country's 11th driest February on record.
Below -
average autumn
precipitation was observed
in the West and Northeast.
The
average width of a tree ring is a function of many variables including the tree species, tree age, stored carbohydrates
in the tree, nutrients
in the soil, and climatic factors including sunlight,
precipitation, temperature, wind speed, humidity, and even carbon dioxide availability
in the atmosphere.
Nationally, the components that measure extremes
in warm maximum and minimum temperature and one - day
precipitation totals were much above
average.
The Alaska winter
precipitation total was 7.85 inches, 0.30 inch below
average, and ranked near the median value
in the 1925 - 2015 record.
During May 5th — 31st, the Huanan region
in the northeast received rainfall 150 percent of its
average precipitation, the most
in nearly 40 years.
For example, below -
average winter
precipitation can lead to smaller mountain snowpack volumes, which tend to result
in shorter duration spring runoff (Hamlet and Lettenmaier 1999; Stewart et al. 2004; Moore et al. 2007; Whitfield 2013).
Below -
average precipitation was observed
in the Northwest, Great Lakes, and Southeast.
Above -
average precipitation fell across eastern parts of the state, but below -
average precipitation across western and central parts of the state resulted
in drought expanding during the season.
Regionally, CEI was much above
average in the West and Northwest, due to elevated components of warm maximum and minimum temperatures, spatial extent of drought and days with
precipitation.
Although long - term (60 + months)
precipitation deficits persisted
in some locations, some reservoirs returned to above -
average levels after being record and near - record low for the past several years.
Above -
average precipitation was observed
in the Southern Plains and Lower Mississippi Valley.
Above -
average precipitation was observed across the central U.S. with six states
in the Central and Southern Plains and Lower Mississippi Valley being wetter than
average.
In contrast, La Niña episodes typically result in below - average temperatures, above - average precipitation, and above - average snowpac
In contrast, La Niña episodes typically result
in below - average temperatures, above - average precipitation, and above - average snowpac
in below -
average temperatures, above -
average precipitation, and above -
average snowpack.
In contrast, France received less than 90 percent of its average precipitation total for 2015, making this one of the 10 driest years for the country in the past half centur
In contrast, France received less than 90 percent of its
average precipitation total for 2015, making this one of the 10 driest years for the country
in the past half centur
in the past half century.
This annual report places the temperature and
precipitation averages into historical perspective, while summarizing the notable events that occurred
in 2015.
Why It Matters: On
average, atmospheric rivers hit the western United States only a few times each winter, but they transport significant amounts of moisture that converges
in the mountains producing heavy
precipitation.
Elements that contributed to the above -
average seasonal USCE were warm maximum and minimum temperatures, particularly
in the West, and one - day
precipitation totals.
In Montana, El Niño winters receive roughly 70 - 90 % of normal
precipitation, and both winter and summer are warmer than
average (Figures 2 - 5 and 2 - 6)(NWSb undated; Higgins et al. 2007).
Average winter
precipitation has decreased by 0.9 inches (2.3 cm), which can mostly be attributed to natural variability and an increase
in El Niño events, especially
in the western and central parts of the state.
ACPI assumes a 1 percent annual increase
in the rate of greenhouse gas concentrations through the year 2100, for little change
in precipitation and an
average temperature increase of 1.5 to 2 degrees centigrade at least through the middle of 21st century.
Despite no historical changes
in average annual
precipitation between 1950 and 2015, there have been changes
in average seasonal
precipitation over the same period.
The majority of models suggest a slight increase
in total
average annual
precipitation across the state, largely occurring
in spring, particularly
in the northwest.
Although WUE was positively correlated with CUE, NPP, and LAI,
average baseline WUE was highest
in grassland systems, which also had lower rates of mean annual NPP,
precipitation, and LAI.
Rising CO2 levels have been linked to the globe's
average temperature rise as well as a host of other changes to the climate system including sea level rise, shifts
in precipitation, ocean acidification, and an increase
in extreme heat.
The
average amount of
precipitation for the year
in Anacapa Island is 11.5» (292.1 mm).