Sentences with phrase «average sea level -lcb-»

For an annual - and area - average warming exceeding Embedded Image in Greenland and Embedded Image in the global average, the net surface mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet becomes negative, in which case it is likely that the ice sheet would eventually be eliminated, raising global - average sea level by 7 m.

Of course this assumes global average sea level is accurate enough for the task and on a year - to - year basis it probably isn't but on a decade - to - decade basis it probably is.

«Dave Springer says: December 23, 2010 at 6:32 am I think a better measure of energy content is global average sea level.»

This expansion, combined with the melting of land - based ice, has caused global average sea level to rise by roughly 7 - 8 inches since 1900 — a trend that is expected to accelerate over coming decades.

At +20 C, you may have 15 grams of water vapor in a kilogram of air (at average sea level pressure).

I can't begin to imagine what a frank, honest, apolitical climate scientist or physicist would have to say about all the assumptions and statistical legerdemain that goes into coming up with such precise «measurements» of global average sea level.

Because a reduction in mass of 360 Gt / year represents an annual global - average sea level rise of 1 mm, these estimates equate to an increase in global - average sea levels by 0.19 mm / yr.

IPCC: Global average sea level in the last interglacial (Eemian) period (130,000 - 111,000 years ago) was likely 13 to 20 feet (4 to 6 meters) higher than during the 20th century, mainly due to the retreat of polar ice.

During that interglacial period, the study states, global average sea level was up to 30 feet higher than it is now, despite a climate that was just about 1 degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, milder than today.

As Media Matters has noted, the IPCC's 2007 «Synthesis Report» concluded that» [w] arming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level» and that» [m] ost of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely [defined in the report as a» > 90 %» probability] due to the observed increase in anthropogenic [human - caused] GHG [greenhouse gas] concentrations.»

You know, I would have a lot less trouble believing climate scientists could actually measure changes in global average sea level to within a milimeter, if I didn't know how badly they overstate their confidence in «global average temperature» in all its many manifestations, with all its many assumptions, models and WAGs.

--- Atmospheric mass and composition: approx. 510 trillion m ^ 2 (surface area) * 0.1013 MPa (surface pressure) / 9.81 m / s ^ 2 = 5.266 E18 kg = 5.266 million Gt Hartmann, «Global Physical Climatology», p. 8 gives 5.136 million Gt (the difference could be due to actual average surface pressure being lower than average sea level pressure; counteracting that, gravity decreases with height (not much over most of the mass of the atmosphere) and I think global average g may be less than 9.81 (maybe 9.80?)

Based on geological data, global average sea level may have risen at an average rate of about 0.5 mm / yr over the last 6,000 years and at an average rate of 0.1 — 0.2 mm / yr over the last 3,000 years.»

To take the IPCC's average sea level rise of 38.5 cm (which, six years ago, it tipped at 48.5 cm) as a starting point, this would mean, according to some of the world's leading scientists, that Al Gore, who in his movie An Inconvenient Truth dramatically shows what the worlds coastlines would look like were sea levels to rise by 6.1 m, is off by more than a factor of 15 times.

Average sea level pressure is 29.92 inches (1013.23 mb), making this record pressure 7 % higher than normal, which means there was 7 % more atmospheric mass above that point than normal.

These graphs show sea level pressure anomalies or differences from average sea level pressure in the Northern Hemisphere for April, May, June, and July 2016.

Amrit Banstola: The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) stated that — warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from scientific observations of increases in global average temperature, melting of snow and ice, and rising of global average sea level.

Specifically, he believes global average sea level will rise some 15 to 20 feet by 2095.

Since the 1920s, the global average sea level has risen about nine inches, mostly from the thermal expansion of the ocean water.

Melting of ice raises the global average sea level, and reduces the gravitational attraction from the ice, which allows the sea level near the ice to fall while sea level far from the ice rises more than the global average.

Rise of the global average sea level over the time periods of most interest to human economies is controlled primarily by the mass or density of ocean water.

For global average sea level, the main control on water density over these times is ocean temperature, with warming causing thermal expansion by roughly 0.4 m per degree C (Levermann et al., 2013).

In 2007, IPCC notes «Global average sea level rose at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year over 1961 to 2003.

d In all scenarios, the projected global average sea level at 2100 is higher than in the reference period [Working Group I Fourth Assessment 10.6].

Estimates of ice volume in northern hemisphere permafrost range from 1.1 to 3.7 x1013 m3 (Zhang et al., 1999), equivalent to 0.03 to 0.10 m of global - average sea level.

Models agree on the qualitative conclusion that the range of regional variation in sea level change is substantial compared to global average sea level rise.

I've been doing climate database work for a long time and have learned a few shortcut methods that made it at least possible to get an average sea level out of the measurements.

USCG Station Sandy Hook is situated within an East Coast hot spot of rising seas, where natural subsidence, low - lying topography, and changing ocean circulation patterns contribute to above - average sea level rise.

Changes in average sea level over the past 250,000 years based on data from cores removed from the ocean bottom.

Indeed, I was consulting [unintelligible] the other day, who is the world's greatest expert on sea level, and has written several papers on it, and he said he is not expecting it to rise very much more than the eight inches we saw in the last century, and that in itself is only about a fifth of the 4 feet per century which has been the average sea level rise per century over the last 10,000 years, with sea level rising over 400 feet in that time.

44 present sea level (meters) Height above or below Today's sea level present sea level (meters) Height above or below Height above or below present sea level (feet) Figure 20.9 Changes in average sea level over the past 250,000 years based on data from cores removed from the ocean bottom.

As glaciers melted and retreated since the peak of the last glacial period about 18,000 years ago (Figure 4 - 6, p. 89), the earth's average sea level has risen about 125 meters (410 feet).

By 2100, global average sea level rise could be as low as 25 cms, or as high as 123 cms; between 0.2 % and 4.6 % of the world's population could be affected by flooding each year; and losses could be as low as 0.3 % or as high as 9.3 % of global gross domestic product.

(1) there is established scientific concern over warming of the climate system based upon evidence from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level;

Observed changes in (a) global average surface temperature; (b) global average sea level rise from tide gauge (blue) and satellite (red) data and (c) Northern Hemisphere snow cover for March - April.

Over the past century, global average sea level has risen by about 8 inches.

Over the past century, the global average sea level has risen four to eight inches.

9 9 Global mean temperature Global average sea level Northern hemisphere snow cover Observations of recent climate change

The most recent report from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projected a global average sea level rise of between about one to three feet, although that report did not take the new findings on Antarctic ice melt into account.

Global average sea level is expected to continue to rise by at least several inches in the next 15 years and by 1 — 4 feet by 2100.

Both the observations of mass balance and the estimates based on temperature changes (Table 11.4) indicate a reduction of mass of glaciers and ice caps in the recent past, giving a contribution to global - average sea level of 0.2 to 0.4 mm / yr over the last hundred years.

Sea - level projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), by our research group and by others indicate that global average sea level at the end of the century would likely be about 1 - 2.5 feet higher under the Paris path than in 2000.

ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level,» are three disjoint sources of confirmation that give us reliable enough trend information to establish consilience about what we may say after 2005 on HadCRUT4.

Sea level equivalent (SLE)- The change in global average sea level that would occur if a given amount of water or ice were added to or removed from the oceans.

► Eustatic sea - level rise is a change in global average sea level brought about by an increase in the volume of the world ocean.

Salinity changes within the ocean also have a significant impact on the local density and thus local sea level, but have little effect on global average sea level change.

Global average sea level rose at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year over 1961 to 2003.

Fourth Assessment Report (2007): Global average sea level rose at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year over 1961 to 2003.

Global average sea level is projected to rise by 18 to 59 cm by the end of the 21st century (2090 - 2099), depending on the scenario (Table 3).

The global average sea level has already risen by about eight inches since 1901, with up to another two and a half feet of sea level rise possible by 2100, according to the most recent projections from the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.