Fourth Assessment Report (2007): Global
average sea level rose at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year over 1961 to 2003.
Global
average sea level rose at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year over 1961 to 2003.
In 2007, IPCC notes «Global
average sea level rose at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year over 1961 to 2003.
Not exact matches
«
Sea level observations are telling us that during the past 100 years sea level has risen at an average rate of 1.7 millimeters per year,» most of that due to thermal expansion as the top 700 meters of the oceans warms and expan
Sea level observations are telling us that during the past 100 years
sea level has risen at an average rate of 1.7 millimeters per year,» most of that due to thermal expansion as the top 700 meters of the oceans warms and expan
sea level has
risen at an
average rate of 1.7 millimeters per year,» most of that due to thermal expansion as the top 700 meters of the oceans warms and expands.
«When we modeled future shoreline change with the increased rates of
sea level rise (SLR) projected under the IPCC's «business as usual» scenario, we found that increased SLR causes an
average 16 - 20 feet of additional shoreline retreat by 2050, and an
average of nearly 60 feet of additional retreat by 2100,» said Tiffany Anderson, lead author and post-doctoral researcher
at the UH Mānoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology.
Those models will look
at impacts such as regional
average temperature change,
sea -
level rise, ocean acidification, and the sustainability of soils and water as well as the impacts of invasive species on food production and human health.
3 Millimeters explores the Eastern Shore of Maryland, where the
sea level is
rising at twice the global
average - a process without emergency brakes.
«These new results indicate that relative
sea levels in New Zealand have been
rising at an
average rate of 1.6 mm / yr over the last 100 years — a figure that is not only within the error bounds of the original determination, but when corrected for glacial - isostatic effects has a high
level of coherency with other regional and global
sea level rise determinations.
But the global
average rise in
sea level is a chimera of many factors acting differently
at various locations.
As the ice melted, starting around 20 000 years ago,
sea level rose rapidly
at average rates of about 10 mm per year (1 m per century), and with peak rates of the order of 40 mm per year (4 m per century), until about 6000 years ago.»
At the very least, all assessments should consider the consequences of a mean sea - level rise of at least 0.8 m relative to the 1980 — 1999 averag
At the very least, all assessments should consider the consequences of a mean
sea -
level rise of
at least 0.8 m relative to the 1980 — 1999 averag
at least 0.8 m relative to the 1980 — 1999
average.
When local observational data, scientific studies and engineering professionals all agree that current
sea level rise is
at historical
average (albeit showing a statistically insignificant decline) I think we can put off spending on further research until our conditions warrant.
At the height of the last ice age,
sea levels were about 120 metres below present day
levels, and the
average rise of
sea level during the return to our present climate was about 1 metre per one hundred years.
This approximation (very) closely tracks
sea -
level rise from 1880 to 2000 by assuming that the rate
at which height increases is a strict linear function of the temperature with a straight
averaging of the calculated rate for a period from 15 years before to the point in time for which height is being calculated (i.e., the embedding period).
This decade - long satellite altimetry data set shows that since 1993,
sea level has been
rising at a rate of around 3 mm yr — 1, significantly higher than the
average during the previous half century.
Sea levels in the Philippines are
rising at about twice the global
average.
According to Professor Nils - Axel Mörner, who has written more than 600 learned papers in his 50 - year career studying
sea level, global
average sea level may not be
rising at all
at the moment.
Throw in that in some areas
sea level is
rising and in others it is falling, thermostatic expansion, natural
rise / fall of land, and a largely unknown rate of glacier melting and we have to be very cautious
at arriving
at an «
average» figure for any
sea level change.
It found eight of the atolls and almost three - quarters of the islands grew during the study period, lifting Tuvalu's total land area by 2.9 percent, even though
sea levels in the country
rose at twice the global
average.
Climate scientists have been able to close the
sea level «budget» by accounting for the various factors that are causing
average global
sea levels to
rise at the measured rate of about 3.2 millimeters per year since 1992 (when altimeters were launched into space to truly measure global
sea level).
Projected globally
averaged sea -
level rise at the end of the 21st century (2090 to 2099), relative to 1980 to 1999 for the six SRES scenarios, ranges from 0.19 to 0.58 m (Meehl et al., 2007).
If we do nothing to reduce our carbon emissions, scientists project that global
sea level could
rise as much as nearly two feet (59 centimeters) over recent
average levels by the end of this century.14, 15 If, on the other hand, we make significant efforts to reduce heat - trapping emissions,
sea -
level rise between now and the end of the century could be limited to
at most 1.25 feet (38 centimeters).14, 15
It notes that: 80 % of carbon dioxide emissions come from only 19 countries; the amount of carbon dioxide per US$ 1 GDP has dropped by 23 % since 1992, indicating some decoupling of economic growth from resource use; nearly all mountain glaciers around the world are retreating and getting thinner; and
sea levels have been
rising at an
average rate of about 2.5 mm per year since 1992.
The carbon fee would be an insurance policy aimed
at rapidly dropping the emissions blamed with increasing the
average temperature of the world's land and atmosphere, which are linked by scientists to increased melting of glaciers and icecaps and
rising sea levels that pose a direct threat to south Louisiana, he said.
At the onset of the deglaciation, a ~ 500 - year long, glacio - eustatic event may have contributed as much as 10 m to
sea level with an
average rate of about 20 mm / yr... RSL (relative
sea level) records indicate that from ~ 7 to 3 ka, GMSL likely
rose 2 to 3 m to near present - day
levels.
Global
average sea level is expected to continue to
rise by
at least several inches in the next 15 years and by 1 — 4 feet by 2100.
What the report said, according to Koonin, was» The report ominously notes that while global
sea level rose an
average 0.05 inch a year during most of the 20th century, it has
risen at about twice that rate since 1993.»
A better measure, he said, was to look
at the
average rise in
sea levels.
However, Mörner et al. (2004) argued that there had been a 30 cm fall in
sea -
level at the Maldives over the last 50 yrs while Mörner (2004) argued that there had been no global
averaged sea -
level rise over the decade of the 1990s.
At that time storms ride up into a nearby ocean zone, pushing an
average 10 cm or 15 cm
rise in
sea level.
If countries instead abide by the pledges to cut carbon emissions after 2020 that they each made voluntarily ahead of the Paris climate summit, the
average temperature will likely go up by
at least two degrees Celsius, a less - than - catastrophic situation that could «still destroy most coral reefs and glaciers and melt significant parts of the Greenland ice cap, bringing major
rises in
sea levels,» according to The Guardian.
Instead, total annual
average ocean heat content has increased steadily during the hiatus,
at quite a confronting rate given that this metric is closely tied to global
sea -
level rise.
Fluctuations in the mass of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are of considerable societal importance as they impact directly on global
sea levels: since 1901, ice losses from Antarctica and Greenland, alongside the melting of small glaciers and ice caps and thermal expansion of the oceans, have caused global
sea levels to
rise at an
average rate of 1.7 mm / yr.
Over the past decade, Greenland has contributed to
sea level rise at an
average rate of ~ 270 Gt / year, with a peak up to ~ 640 Gt during the extreme year of 2012.
I have been searching for a
sea level rise at the end of the 20th century that would reconcile the 20th century's
average rise rate of 1.8 mm / year with the satellite era
average of about 3mm / year.
There is medium confidence that
at least partial deglaciation of the Greenland ice sheet, and possibly the West Antarctic ice sheet, would occur over a period of time ranging from centuries to millennia for a global
average temperature increase of 1 - 4 °C (relative to 1990 - 2000), causing a contribution to
sea -
level rise of 4 - 6 m or more.
For example, additional evidence of a warming trend can be found in the dramatic decrease in the extent of Arctic
sea ice
at its summer minimum (which occurs in September), decrease in spring snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere, increases in the global
average upper ocean (upper 700 m or 2300 feet) heat content (shown relative to the 1955 — 2006
average), and in
sea -
level rise.
«As Morner points out, Church,, White, and Hunter applied a number of regional «corrections» to the basic tide gauge record and calculated
averages of a large region to arrive
at their conclusion that
sea level was
rising in the Maldives.
The Statement also highlighted that long - term indicators of climate change such as increasing carbon dioxide concentrations,
sea level rise and ocean acidification continue «unabated», with Arctic
sea ice coverage remaining below
average and the previously stable Antarctic
sea ice extent
at or near a record low.
Although the calculations of 18 - year rates of GMSL
rise based on the different reconstruction methods disagree by as much as 2 mm mm yr - 1 before 1950 and on details of the variability (Figure 3.14), all do indicate 18 - year trends that were significantly higher than the 20th century
average at certain times (1920 — 1950, 1990 — present) and lower
at other periods (1910 — 1920, 1955 — 1980), likely related to multidecadal variability.The IPCC AR5 found that it is likely that a
sea level rise rate comparable to that since 1993 occurred between 1920 and 1950.
Hay et al. (2015) find that
average rates of
sea level rise (15 year
averages) circa 1940 were of comparable magnitude to values
at the end of the 20th century.
But since then
sea -
level has
risen there
at 1 1/2 mm / year (approximately equal to the global
average rate):
To take the IPCC's
average sea level rise of 38.5 cm (which, six years ago, it tipped
at 48.5 cm) as a starting point, this would mean, according to some of the world's leading scientists, that Al Gore, who in his movie An Inconvenient Truth dramatically shows what the worlds coastlines would look like were
sea levels to
rise by 6.1 m, is off by more than a factor of 15 times.
Based on geological data, global
average sea level may have
risen at an
average rate of about 0.5 mm / yr over the last 6,000 years and
at an
average rate of 0.1 — 0.2 mm / yr over the last 3,000 years.»
Atmospheric pressure
at sea level rises and falls to some degree as horizontal pressure ridges sweep along but the
average pressure remains the same
at 1 bar.
«The
average rate of
sea level rise at Sagar point is 3.14 mm per year while this figure is 5 mm
at Pakhiraloy point near Sajnekhali in the Sundarbans,» said Pranabesh Sanyal, a teacher in Jadavpur University's department of oceanographic studies and a member of the West Bengal Biodiversity Board.
At 600ppm, global
average temperature
rise could be in the range of 3 - 4Â °C — which means greater
sea level rise than predicted, glaciers melting and constraining water supply throughout large areas of Asia, agriculture being severely stressed in many places, greater storm intensity, reduced biodiversity, the end of coral reefs.
In contrast, global temperature in
at least the past two decades is probably outside the Holocene range (7), as evidenced by the fact that the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are both losing mass rapidly (8, 9) and
sea level has been
rising at a rate [3 m / millennium, (10); updates available
at http://sealevel.colorado.edu/] well above the
average rate during the past several thousand years.
For sixty years, tide gauges have shown that
sea level in the Chesapeake is
rising at twice the global
average rate and faster than elsewhere on the East Coast.
If the rate of
sea level rise over the last 20 years is as high or higher than it ever has been over the last 114 year (and is twice the 20th century
average), then does this not strongly suggest that there has been no recent slowdown
at all in the rate of accumulation of heat by the oceans and cryosphere?