Sentences with phrase «average surface»

It's also worth noting that according to the instrumental temperature record, average surface temperatures for 1982 — 2012 have been about 0.2 °C hotter than the 1970 — 2000 average.

Everyone knows that global warming (as represented by the rise in the earth's average surface temperature) has stopped for nearly two decades now.

Globally, scientists believe that worldwide forest clearing since the 1700s has had a small net cooling effect on global average surface temperature.

The computer model determines how the average surface temperature responds to changing natural factors, such as volcanoes and the sun, and human factors — greenhouse gases, aerosol pollutants, and so on.

The differences between the modeled and observed 30 - year average surface temperatures are listed below the x-axes on each graph.

The scientists» main approach was simple: to look at solar output and cosmic ray intensity over the last 30 - 40 years, and compare those trends with the graph for global average surface temperature.

«Because the solar - thermal energy balance of Earth [at the top of the atmosphere (TOA)-RSB- is maintained by radiative processes only, and because all the global net advective energy transports must equal zero, it follows that the global average surface temperature must be determined in full by the radiative fluxes arising from the patterns of temperature and absorption of radiation.»

According to the BBC, «The panel states that it is 95 percent certain that the «human influence on climate caused more than half the observed increase in global average surface temperatures from 1951 - 2010.»»

As the paper explains, the changes in cloudiness may speed up the change, but the clouds are not likely to affect strongly the ultimate average surface temperature.

Whereas the Earth has an average surface temperature of 14 degrees Celsius, the average temperature of Venus is 460 degrees Celsius.

The ONLY ^ 3 reason RGHE theory even exists is to explain how the average surface (1.5 m above ground) temperature of 288 K / 15 C (K - T balance 289 K / 16 C) minus 255 K / -18 C, the average surface (now ground) temperature w / o an atmosphere (Which is just completely BOGUS!)

One study estimates that there are likely to be places on Earth where unprotected humans without cooling mechanisms, such as air conditioning, would die in less than six hours if global average surface temperature rises by about 12.6 ° F (7 ° C).16 With warming of 19.8 - 21.6 ° F (11 - 12 ° C), this same study projects that regions where approximately half of the world's people now live could become intolerable.7

«It is extremely likely -LCB- 95 % + certainty -RCB- that more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010 was caused by the anthropogenic increase in greenhouse gas concentrations and other anthropogenic forcings together.»

Regardless, claims that «Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth's average surface temperature over the past century» are erroneous and indicative of either ignorance or duplicity on the part of NASA's Earth Observatory, NASA's Climate Consensus page, The Daily Mail, the EPA and many others.

Polar ice and marine records indicate that annual average surface temperatures dropped by 2 - 6 °C in central Greenland (Fig. 1B) and by 1 - 3 °C in the North Atlantic Ocean and Europe.

«Why I Spend So Much Time and Effort on Climate Skepticism New Research Report on the Validity of Global Average Surface Temperature Data and EPA's GHG Endangerment Finding»

Based on the Cohen et al paper it's likely that leaving out the most volatile data series would in the present case result in a time series where warming continues with less plateauing than we see in the existing data on global average surface temperature.

Carbon dioxide is one of the greenhouse gases that enhances radiative forcing and contributes to global warming, causing the average surface temperature of the Earth to rise in response, which the vast majority of climate scientists agree will cause major ** adverse effects **.

Absolute estimates of global average surface temperature are difficult to compile for several reasons.

As I see it there are two separate but related question here — what has happened to the average surface temperature over the last 16 years or so, and what can we conclude from that.

The global average surface temperature has not increased substantially (or statistically significantly) since 1997.

If we are not looking for an indicator for warming but are really interested in the average surface temperature itself then we must naturally include all data points.

The well below freezing surface winter temperatures of Northern high latitudes are such wildly variable almost non-correlated data points which tell almost nothing of the real warming (i.e. increase in heat content of the Earth system) but may affect in an unpredictable way the global average surface temperature.

«claims that «Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth's average surface temperature over the past century» are erroneous and indicative of either ignorance or duplicity on the part of NASA's Earth Observatory, NASA's Climate Consensus page, The Daily Mail, the EPA and many others.»

Petra, The global average surface temperature as calculated by the various groups is an indicator of the warming of the system that includes the oceans, the atmosphere and the uppermost layers of ground.

Although the increase in average surface temperature has stalled over the past 16 years, average temperatures in the deep ocean — where most of the extra heat in the climate system is stored — has continued to rise.

Since the very warm surface temperatures of 1998 which followed the strong 1997 - 98 El NinÌ o, the increase in average surface temperature has slowed relative to the previous decade of rapid temperature increases, with more of the excess heat being stored in the oceans.

The average surface air temperature analysis homepage explains more about the production and reliability of the values presented here.

Global average surface temperature, measured by satellites and direct observations, is considered a key indicator of climate change.

As far as I can see, it has been a common knowledge that average surface temperature is in not an ideal parameter to describe warming of the earth.

We know, for instance, that during the 20th century the Earth's global average surface temperature rose 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit.

There are numerous issues related to the average surface temperature.

-- In the event that the Administrator or the National Academy of Sciences has concluded, in the most recent report submitted under section 705 or 706 respectively, that the United States will not achieve the necessary domestic greenhouse gas emissions reductions, or that global actions will not maintain safe global average surface temperature and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentration thresholds, the President shall, not later than July 1, 2015, and every 4 years thereafter, submit to Congress a plan identifying domestic and international actions that will achieve necessary additional greenhouse gas reductions, including any recommendations for legislative action.

In the context of the rest of the article, this apparently refers to the 16 year plateau (or hiatus) in global average surface temperature anomalies.

Elsewhere in the same article, Koonin wrote, We know, for instance, that during the 20th century the Earth's global average surface temperature rose 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit.

A new study of the temporary slowdown in the global average surface temperature warming trend observed between 1998 and 2013 concludes the phenomenon represented a redistribution of energy within the Earth system, with Earth's ocean absorbing the extra heat.

«(B) global average surface temperature 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius) above the pre-industrial average, or such other temperature thresholds as the Administrator deems appropriate; and

Global average surface temperatures during 2015 to 2019 are...

Global average surface temperatures for each year with their respective uncertainties (width of the curves) from Berkeley Earth.

We knew already that the average surface temperature is only a proxy.

Maps show projected change in average surface air temperature in the later part of this century (2071 - 2099) relative to the later part of the last century (1970 - 1999) under a scenario that assumes substantial reductions in heat trapping gases (B1) and a higher emissions scenario that assumes continued increases in global emissions (A2).

Similarly, see Roger Pielke Sr. posts on «Global Average Surface Temperature» Especially: Climate Science Myths And Misconceptions — Post # 1 On The Global Annual Average Surface Temperature Trend

They clearly have not «proved» skill at predicting in a hindcast mode, changes in climate statistics on the regional scale, and even in terms of the global average surface temperature trend, in recent years they have overstated the positive trend.

Clearly, to use a single value (the global average annual average surface temperature trend) to characterize global warming is a naive approach and is misleading policymakers on the actual complexity of the climate system.

Another problem, as has been mentioned before, is that about 98 % of anthropogenic CO2 should be absorbed by the oceans in order to preserve the 1:50 partitioning ratio of CO2 between air and water at earth's average surface temperature that is governed by Henry's law.

The climate problem, whenever it is well - posed, involves the Global Average Surface Temperature, which includes SST integrated into a sampled GAST (time).

When international delegates meet in Paris next year to negotiate a new global climate agreement, they'll be aiming to keep global average surface temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees Celsius beyond pre-industrial levels.

Temporary slowdown in global average surface temperature warming observed between 1998 and 2013 represented a redistribution of energy within the Earth system, new research shows.

It is not a projection but is defined as the global average surface warming following a doubling of carbon dioxide concentrations.

The change in the heat balance of Earth is in such case much less than the change in the average surface temperature.