There are plenty, but for a conservative example see IPCC Synthesis Report 2007 Table 5.1 which says to stay within 2 - 2.4 degrees global
average temperature increase above pre-industrial (Copenhagen upper «low risk» target) and 425 - 490ppm CO2 - equivalent concentration at stabilisation, the required change in global CO2 emissions in 2050 (percent of 2000 emissions) is decline between 85 to 50 percent.
(ppm) Year of Peak Emissions Percent Change in global emissions Global
average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using «best estimate» climate sensitivity CO 2 concentration at stabilization (2010 = 388 ppm) CO 2 - eq.
Not exact matches
WHEREAS, in furtherance of the united effort to address the effects of climate change, in 2010 the 16th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCC met in Cancun, Mexico and recognized that deep cuts in global greenhouse gas emissions were required, with a goal of reducing global greenhouse gas emissions so as to hold the
increase in global
average temperature below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels;
WHEREAS, in furtherance of the united effort to address the effects of climate change, in 2015 the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCC met in Paris, France and entered into a historic agreement in which 195 nations, including the United States, were signatories and agreed to determine their own target contribution to mitigate climate change by holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, among other terms (the «Paris Agreement»);
«This Agreement, in enhancing the implementation of the [2015 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change], including its objective, aims to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty, including by: (a) Holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change; (b)
Increasing the ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change and foster climate resilience and low greenhouse gas emissions development, in a manner that does not threaten food production; and (c) Making finance flows consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate - resilient development.
On Dec. 12, 2015, the 21st Conference of the Parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change approved the Paris Agreement committing 195 nations of the world to «holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2 °C
above preindustrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C.»
Published today in the journal Nature Geoscience, the paper concludes that limiting the
increase in global
average temperatures above pre-industrial levels to 1.5 °C, the goal of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, is not yet geophysically impossible, but likely requires more ambitious emission reductions than those pledged so far.
The Paris Agreement sets the goal of holding the
increase in the global
average mean
temperature to well below 2 °C
above preindustrial levels but calls for efforts to limit that
increase to 1.5 °C.
Temperature increases close to or
above the
average.61 degrees F rise were seen in some of the world's most popular waters, including Lake Tahoe (+.97 F by hand, +1.28 by satellite), the Dead Sea (+1.13 F), two reservoirs serving New York City, Seattle's Lake Washington (+.49 F), and the Great Lakes Huron (+1.53 F by hand, +.79 by satellite), Michigan (+.76 F by hand, +.36 by satellite), Ontario (+.59 F) and Superior (+2.09 F by hand measurement, +1.44 F by satellite).
All told, the consortium estimates that current policies around the globe translate into a 3.6 °C
increase in
average temperatures by 2100, compared with preindustrial levels, well
above the 2 °C threshold often noted by scientists, or the 1.5 °C goal set out in Paris.
By 2080, the
average temperature in Uganda, for example, will rise to 29 degree Celsius (an
increase of 4.3 degrees
above the current
average), according to a report by U.K. Department for International Development and LTS International.
NASA researchers found that countries in the Northern Hemisphere had an
average temperature increase of 0.93 C, and latitudes around 60 degrees north or
above had an
average temperature increase of 1.8 C, according to Gavin Schmidt, director of GISS and principal investigator for the GISS Model E Earth System Model.
«(A) describe
increased risks to natural systems and society that would result from an
increase in global
average temperature 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius)
above the pre-industrial
average or an
increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations
above 450 parts per million carbon dioxide equivalent; and
Even so, the IPCC estimates
above indicate: 1) Total Net Atmospheric Carbon Emissions to 2100 will amount to ~ 2050 PgC (or more) on current Trends, 2) A BAU projected estimate would push CO2 to ~ 952 ppm by 2100 (or more), and 3) Global
average temperature increase / anomaly would be as high as ~ 6.8 C by 2100
The main aim of the Paris Agreement is to keep a global
average temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius and to drive efforts to limit the
temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels.
Two decades after the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, most governments have agreed that limiting the
increase in the
average surface
temperature of the Earth to 2 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels would represent a tolerable amount of global warming.
Heat stroke is a severe
increase in body
temperature above the
average range that the body is unable to handle.
His full quote says: ``... to hold the
increase in global
average temperature below 2 oC
above pre-industrial levels.»
Now, admittedly, the
temperature increases in the last two decades were greater than any previous, taking the decadal
averages above 10 degrees for the first time.
«During November 2011 - January 2012, there is an
increased chance of
above -
average temperatures across the south - central U.S. with the odds favoring below -
average temperatures over the north - central U.S.. Also,
above -
average precipitation is favored across the northern tier of states, excluding New England, and drier - than -
average conditions are more probable across the southern tier of the U.S. (see 3 - month seasonal outlook released on 20 October 2011).»
This is the difference between countries» pledged commitments to reduce emissions of heat - trapping greenhouse gases after 2020 and scientifically calculated trajectories giving good odds of keeping global warming below the threshold for danger countries pledged to try to avoid in climate talks in 2010 (to «hold the
increase in global
average temperature below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels»).
Aware of the broad scientific view that the
increase in global
average temperature above pre-industrial levels ought not to exceed 2 degrees C, we support an aspirational global goal of reducing global emissions by 50 percent by 2050, with developed countries reducing emissions by at least 80 percent by 2050, and recognizing the critical importance of development, including poverty eradication, in developing countries.
The draft states: «We recognise the scientific view that the
increase in global
average temperature above pre-industrial levels ought not to exceed two degrees centigrade.»
(a) To hold the
increase in the global
average temperature [below 1.5 °C][or][well below 2 °C]
above pre-industrial levels by ensuring deep reductions in global greenhouse gas [net] emissions;...
Is there a discernible point, maybe in a model, that includes reduced albedo in the summer, that might show an acceleration of melting
above the
average temperature increase curve for the region so that ocean warmth has an
increasing role over atmospheric??
Jim Hansen, et al, did a great study showing that
average summer
temperatures that are 3 standard deviations («3 - sigma»)
above the 1951 - 1980 baseline have
increased over 100X since the baseline period.
In the landmark Paris Climate Agreement, the world's nations have committed to «holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels».
Each color shade represents an
increase of 2 - 3 degrees
above average temperatures.
Present estimates are that limiting the
increase in global
average surface
temperature to no more than 2 — 2.5 °C
above its 1750 value of approximately 15 °C will be required to avoid the most catastrophic, but certainly not all, consequences of climate change.
But even if this new trend continues, «it is not yet at a rate that would meet the long - term
temperature goal of the Paris Agreement of holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 3.6 °F (2 °C)
above preindustrial levels.»
The Paris Agreement1 «aims to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change... by: Holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2oC
above pre-industrial levels...»
The COP, by decision 1 / CP.17, noted with grave concern the significant gap between the aggregate effect of Parties» mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with having a likely chance of holding the
increase in global
average temperature below 2 °C or 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels.
At the current rate of progression, the
increase in Earth's long - term
average temperature will reach 1.5 °C (2.7 °F)
above the 1850 - 1900
average by 2040 and 2 °C (3.6 °F) will be reached around 2065.
The Met Office had previously estimated the most likely global
temperature increase to be 0.54 C
above the 1971 - 2000
average during the period 2012 to 2016.
In fact, significant emission reductions of 60 % -80 % compared to 1990 will be necessary by 2050 to reach the strategic objective of limiting the global
average temperature increase to not more than 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels.
The reason I am persisting with this is that I think there has been no plateau in Global warming over the last 10 years, as every year has been
above average thus the average of the population is increasing, meaning Annual Global Average Temperature has been incr
average thus the
average of the population is increasing, meaning Annual Global Average Temperature has been incr
average of the population is
increasing, meaning Annual Global
Average Temperature has been incr
Average Temperature has been
increasing.
This included the long - term goal of limiting the maximum global
average temperature increase to no more than 2 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels, subject to a review in 2015.
For
increases in global
average temperature of less than 1 to 3 °C
above 1980 - 1999 levels, some impacts are projected to produce market benefits in some places and sectors while, at the same time, imposing costs in other places and sectors.
(Extreme heat in the range of 30 to 40 degrees F
above average temperatures [17 to 22 C] near Arctic Ocean shores greatly
increases Arctic wildfire risk.
IPCC AR4 calculated a 2.4 C
temperature increase (
above 1980 - 1999
average) for this case, or around 2.1 C
above today's
temperature.
The Commonwealth declaration avoided setting a numerical limit to global
temperature rise, saying only, «We stress our common conviction that urgent and substantial action to reduce global emissions is needed and have a range of views as to whether
average global
temperature increase should be constrained to below 1.5 degrees or to no more than 2 degrees Celsius
above pre-industrial levels.»
Substantial scientific evidence indicates that an
increase in the global
average temperature of more than 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (°F)(or 2 degrees Celsius [°C]-RRB-
above pre-industrial levels poses severe risks to natural systems and to human health and well - being.
[Hold] the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change
At the heart of the Paris Agreement is the «long - term goal» committing almost 200 countries to keep the global
average temperature increase to «well below 2 °C»
above pre-industrial levels.
The Paris Agreement achieved at COP21 aims to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change namely by «holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C
above pre-industrial levels, recognizing that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate change.»
Likely, but not for certain, and there is ongoing debate that an
increase of even 1.5 degrees
above the global,
average, preindustrial
temperature would be too risky to chance.
«(A) describe
increased risks to natural systems and society that would result from an
increase in global
average temperature 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius)
above the pre-industrial
average or an
increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations
above 450 parts per million carbon dioxide equivalent; and
The 2015 Paris Agreement includes a two - headed
temperature goal: «holding the
increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2 °C
above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the
temperature increase to 1.5 °C.
Friends of the Earth welcomes the EU's official objective to keep the global
average temperature increase below 2 C,
above which impacts are expected to become catastrophic.
Reaffirming the unwavering commitment of parties to keep global
average temperature increase well below 2 degrees C
above pre-industrial levels and the continuum approach between mitigation, adaptation, loss & damage and finance that is required to ensure equity before 2020.