Sentences with phrase «averaged over the global ocean»

«Global mean time series of surface - and satellite - observed low - level and total cloud cover exhibit very large discrepancies, however, implying that artifacts exist in one or both data sets... The surface - observed low - level cloud cover time series averaged over the global ocean appears suspicious because it reports a very large 5 % - sky - cover increase between 1952 and 1997.

... Averaged over the global ocean surface, the mean rate of sea level change due to GIA is independently estimated from models at -0.3 mm / yr (Peltier, 2001, 2002, 2009; Peltier & Luthcke, 2009).

«Global mean time series of surface - and satellite - observed low - level and total cloud cover exhibit very large discrepancies, however, implying that artifacts exist in one or both data sets... The surface - observed low - level cloud cover time series averaged over the global ocean appears suspicious because it reports a very large 5 % - sky - cover increase between 1952 and 1997.

Not exact matches

Land and Ocean Combined: The combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces for August 2014 was the record highest for the month, at 61.45 °F (16.35 °C), or 1.35 °F (0.75 °C) above the 20th century average of 60.1 °F (15.6Ocean Combined: The combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces for August 2014 was the record highest for the month, at 61.45 °F (16.35 °C), or 1.35 °F (0.75 °C) above the 20th century average of 60.1 °F (15.6ocean surfaces for August 2014 was the record highest for the month, at 61.45 °F (16.35 °C), or 1.35 °F (0.75 °C) above the 20th century average of 60.1 °F (15.6 °C).

The global average temperature over land and ocean surfaces for January to October 2014 was the highest on record, according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

This map shows a global three - day average of wind speeds over the world's oceans.

The average amount of heat absorbed and trapped in the upper ocean over the past year was also higher than ever seen before, according to Deke Arndt, chief of the global monitoring branch of NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information.

Global mean temperatures averaged over land and ocean surfaces, from three different estimates, each of which has been independently adjusted for various homogeneity issues, are consistent within uncertainty estimates over the period 1901 to 2005 and show similar rates of increase in recent decades.

Temperature changes relative to the corresponding average for 1901 - 1950 (°C) from decade to decade from 1906 to 2005 over the Earth's continents, as well as the entire globe, global land area and the global ocean (lower graphs).

Cooling sea - surface temperatures over the tropical Pacific Ocean — part of a natural warm and cold cycle — may explain why global average temperatures have stabilized in recent years, even as greenhouse gas emissions have been warming the planet.

Since the CMIP5 models used by the IPCC on average adequately reproduce observed global warming in the last two and a half decades of the 20th century without any contribution from multidecadal ocean variability, it follows that those models (whose mean TCR is slightly over 1.8 °C) must be substantially too sensitive.

«The combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces tied with 2010 as the highest on record for April, at 58.09 °F (14.47 °C) or 1.39 °F (0.77 °C) above the 20th century average.»

C is not constant for the dT» / dt equation to apply because heat penetrates through different parts of the climate system (different depths of the ocean in particular) over different time scales (also, if T» is supposed to be at some reference location or the global average at some vertical level, T» at other locations will vary; C will have to be an effective C value, the heat per unit change in the T» at the location (s) where T» occurs)

Here the adjustment is determined by (1) calculating the collocated ship - buoy SST difference over the global ocean from 1982 - 2012, (2) calculating the global areal weighted average of ship - buoy SST difference, (3) applying a 12 - month running filter to the global averaged ship - buoy SST difference, and (4) evaluating the mean difference and its STD of ship - buoy SSTs based on the data from 1990 to 2012 (the data are noisy before 1990 due to sparse buoy observations).

The HadCRUT4 dataset, compiled from many thousands of temperature measurements taken across the globe, from all continents and all oceans, is used to estimate global temperature, shows that 2017 was 0.99 ± 0.1 °C above pre-industrial levels, taken as the average over the period 1850 - 1900, and 0.38 ± 0.1 °C above the 1981 - 2010 average.

Clearly the rate at which TOA imbalance diffuses into and through the global ocean is key to how much and how quickly global average surface temperature will rise over any given span of time.

OHC may be one of the best measures of the top of atmosphere imbalance available - averaged over long time periods, global, representing (for the full depth of the oceans) ~ 93 % of the energy changes.

Global warming Increase in average global temperatures of the atmosphere and oceans over the past 100 Global warming Increase in average global temperatures of the atmosphere and oceans over the past 100 global temperatures of the atmosphere and oceans over the past 100 years.

The combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces for April 2016 was 1.98 °F above the 20th century average — the highest temperature departure for April since global records began in 1880.

Over the long - term, melting of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet could yield as much as 10 to 14 feet of global average sea level rise, with local sea level rise varying considerably depending on land elevation trends, ocean currents and other factors.

Large and Yeager (2012) examined global ocean average net heat flux variability using the CORE data set over 1984 — 2006 and concluded that natural variability, rather than long - term climate change, dominates heat flux changes over this relatively short, recent period.

Although global warming appears to have taken a breather over the past decade and a half, the leveling off of average global temperatures is likely just a temporary phenomenon that is due to other climate influences from the sun's radiance level to natural temperature oscillations in the Pacific ocean.

While the warming of average global surface temperatures has slowed (though not nearly as much as previously believed), the overall amount of heat accumulated by the global climate has not, with over 90 percent being absorbed by the oceans.

Given ocean surface is over twice land surface and some of the land some of the time is quite wet this drags down the average that CO2 warming can acheive on a global basis.

Christy is correct to note that the model average warming trend (0.23 °C / decade for 1978 - 2011) is a bit higher than observations (0.17 °C / decade over the same timeframe), but that is because over the past decade virtually every natural influence on global temperatures has acted in the cooling direction (i.e. an extended solar minimum, rising aerosols emissions, and increased heat storage in the deep oceans).

During that same period, average annual rainfall in New South Wales declined by 3.6 inches (92 millimeters).3 Scientists think the decline in autumn rainfall in southeast Australia since the late 1950s may be partly due to increases in heat - trapping gases in Earth's atmosphere.3, 14 Major bushfires over southeast Australia are linked to the positive phase of an ocean cycle called the «Indian Ocean Dipole» — when sea surface temperatures are warmer than average in the western Indian Ocean, likely in response to global warming.1ocean cycle called the «Indian Ocean Dipole» — when sea surface temperatures are warmer than average in the western Indian Ocean, likely in response to global warming.1Ocean Dipole» — when sea surface temperatures are warmer than average in the western Indian Ocean, likely in response to global warming.1Ocean, likely in response to global warming.15, 16

The fact this is seemingly not fully recognized — or here integrated — by Curry goes to the same reason Curry does not recognize why the so called «pause» is a fiction, why the «slowing» of the «rate» of increase in average ambient global land and ocean surface air temperatures over a shorter term period from the larger spike beyond the longer term mean of the 90s is also meaningless in terms of the basic issue, and why the average ambient increase in global air temperatures over such a short term is by far the least important empirical indicia of the issue.

However, over long time periods, the variation of the global average temperature with CO2 concentration depends on various factors such as the placement of the continents on Earth, the functionality of ocean currents, the past history of the climate, the orientation of the Earth's orbit relative to the Sun, the luminosity of the Sun, the presence of aerosols in the atmosphere, volcanic action, land clearing, biological evolution, etc..

I'm very convinced that the physical process of global warming is continuing, which appears as a statistically significant increase of the global surface and tropospheric temperature anomaly over a time scale of about 20 years and longer and also as trends in other climate variables (e.g., global ocean heat content increase, Arctic and Antarctic ice decrease, mountain glacier decrease on average and others), and I don't see any scientific evidence according to which this trend has been broken, recently.

«The combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces for July 2015 was the highest for July in the 136 - year period of record, at 0.81 °C (1.46 °F) above the 20th century average of 15.8 °C (60.4 °F), surpassing the previous record set in 1998 by 0.08 °C (0.14 °F).»

The CO2 doubling response from CM2.6, over 70 - 80 years, shows that upper - ocean (0 - 300 m) temperature in the Northwest Atlantic Shelf warms at a rate nearly twice as fast as the coarser models and nearly three times faster than the global average.

Iron is normally present in our oceans, however over the last century we have seen a significant decline in phytoplankton biomass, an average of 1 % of the global median per year.

(2) the «Sea Surface» temperatures, which are averaged over the global ice - free oceans (60N to 60S), from the AMSR - E instrument on Aqua.

(1) there is established scientific concern over warming of the climate system based upon evidence from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level;

Over the oceans as well as on land, the average global temperature for the 12 - month period that began last December was 14.65 ˚C.

Otherwise the CO2 levels of the great Southern Ocean (SO) below 30S would not be capable of maintaining a relatively constant CO2 level some 0.480 ± 0.065 % below the global average over 27 years!!!

«The combined average temperature over global land and ocean surfaces for August 2014 was record high for the month, at 0.75 C (1.35 F) above the 20th century average of 15.6 C (60.1 F) topping the previous record set in 1998».

This is because oceans occupy about 70 percent of the global surface and their warming and cooling averaged over long intervals dominates the record.

Until climatologists can properly make models that reflect the entire global history and take into account plate position and how high the plates ride, oceanic levels due to this and the position of oceans, overall insolation, overall daylength and its effects on average global temperature and factor in known carbon dioxide levels over that time period, then they will be unable to give any correlation between current carbon dioxide levels and global temperature.

Global temperatures usually are described in terms of the surface air temperature anomaly, the deviation of the temperature at each site from a mean of many years that is averaged over the whole world, both land and oceans.

For global average sea level, the main control on water density over these times is ocean temperature, with warming causing thermal expansion by roughly 0.4 m per degree C (Levermann et al., 2013).

http://illconsidered.blogspot.com/2006/04/historically-co2-never-causes.html 100 years of shift does not factor into the larger scale phenomena http://illconsidered.blogspot.com/2006/01/one-hundred-years-is-not-enough.html Until climatologists can properly make models that reflect the entire global history and take into account plate position and how high the plates ride, oceanic levels due to this and the position of oceans, overall insolation, overall daylength and its effects on average global temperature and factor in known carbon dioxide levels over that time period, then they will be unable to give any correlation between current carbon dioxide levels and global temperature.

Rise of the global average sea level over the time periods of most interest to human economies is controlled primarily by the mass or density of ocean water.

Spencer and Braswell used a very simple climate model to simulate the global temperature variations averaged over the top 2000 meters of the global ocean during the period 1955 - 2011.

I would love to see a link to the study that temporal / spatial coverage over the global ocean was adequate for global average temperature.

The ARGO network has remedied the inadequacy of the ocean measurements to some extent, but they still only measure down to 2000 metres - whereas the the global oceans are over twice that depth on average.

There has not been shown to be a density variation of significance that correlates with average temperature variation (e.g, the recent high average temperature came from a small very hot area over the ocean and a small northern area, and more normal to even colder temperatures everywhere else, not global temperatures being warmer), and Solar activity has been shown to correlate very well with much of the long term (thousands of years time scale) global temperature trend.

For the real earth, with a significant heat capacity and significant atmospheric and ocean transport, the one summary number that has meaning is the average of T ^ 4 over the surface of the earth... That is what is going to go into determination of the global surface radiative balance.

NOAA: «The globally averaged temperature over land and ocean surfaces for September 2017 was the fourth highest for the month of September in the NOAA global temperature dataset record, which dates back 138 years to 1880.

The combined global average temperature over the land and ocean surfaces for November 2017 was 0.75 °C (1.35 °F) above the 20th century average of 12.9 °C (55.2 °F).