The degree to which a parent behaves in an anxious manner by either showing fearful or
avoidant behaviours or by communicating threat to the child has been shown empirically, in a number of experimental studies, to impact on subsequent child emotion and behaviour.
Emphasis upon the unconscious: as expressed in dreams, recurrent relationship difficulties,
avoidant behaviours, and deeply - held anxieties — rather than family members talking directly.
Difficulty in understanding what is going on around them may lead to anxiety and
avoidant behaviour.
Not exact matches
Results showed that high fear of emotions and beliefs that emotions are uncontrollable, irrational and damaging are related withs specific
behaviours, such as those involved in
avoidant coping (i.e., behavioural disengagement, denial, substance use and mental disengagement).
Parental modelling of fearful
behaviour and
avoidant strategies is also likely to increase a child's risk of developing later emotional health problems.6 An anxious parent may be more likely to model anxious
behaviour or may provide threat and
avoidant information to their child, increasing the child's risk of anxiety disorder.
Usually, these intervention programs are designed to enhance parental sensitivity, the ability to accurately perceive children's attachment signals, and the ability to respond to these signals in a prompt and appropriate manner.2 The ultimate goal of these interventions is to turn insecure -
avoidant (A) and insecure - resistant (C) attachment relationships into secure (B) child - parent attachment relationships.2 In a few programs, the intervention is not only directed at sensitive parental
behaviour but also at maternal mental attachment representations, as in the STEEP (Steps Toward Effective Enjoyable Parenting) program described by Egeland.
These various contradictory and un-integrated
behaviours are thought to indicate the infant's inability to organize a coherent strategy for eliciting comfort from the caregiver and are differentially associated with increased release of stress hormones.1, 2 Disorganized attachment
behaviours may occur in combination with other insecure
behaviours that are part of an
avoidant or ambivalent attachment strategy.
Attempts at improving caregiver sensitivity have been largely through targeting caregiver representations and / or caregiver
behaviour during interactions with their children.5 However, while caregiver sensitivity is linked to the organized types of attachment (secure,
avoidant, resistant), it may not be as robustly linked to disorganized attachment.6 Thus, attachment - based interventions that target child - caregiver interactions to date may not have focused on the most clinically significant caregiver
behaviours to prevent or reduce disorganized attachment.
The talks will take in a mode model analysis of offending
behaviour, the application of the mode model in externalising
behaviour in adolescents, an understanding of guilt, shame and regret through the lens of the mode model, and attention to the role of
avoidant modes and self - narratives in therapeutic work in forensic settings.
For example, the presence of psychopathology in mothers may decrease their ability to soothe their child following stressor exposure and / or increase the likelihood of punitive,
avoidant or distress reactions, while psychopathology in fathers may compromise their ability to model and encourage brave and autonomous
behaviour when faced with challenging situations [54, 58].
Parent
behaviour - dependent stressors are believed to elicit anxiety due to parental modelling of anxiety, withdrawal and
avoidant coping, child concern for family difficulties, or their impact on the parent — child relationship and / or parenting practices [19].