The front axle of the new BMW 3 Series Touring is based on the front
axle design of the new BMW 3 Series Sedan, which allows the optimal coupling of driving dynamics and ride comfort.
Not exact matches
For example, the Model S electric car
designed by Tesla Motors, a company owned by serial entrepreneur Elon Musk, is powered by thousands
of small lithium - ion batteries arrayed between the car's
axles.
The Easy - Load Livestock Transporter is
designed so that the bed
of the trailer lowers down to the ground by pivoting the
axle.
The Scalable Product Architecture (SPA) platform the S90 and V90 share with the XC90 also contributes one
of the key external
design features: a long dash - to -
axle distance, which gives the pair
of Volvos the proportions
of rear - wheel - drive cars despite their front - / all - wheel - drive drivetrains.
FC stands for «Forward Control,» and as the name (and appearance) implies, it used the aforementioned cab - over drivetrain layout, a
design that places the cab on top
of the front
axle.
Thanks to the flat - floor
design of the tall - roof SUV, there is plenty
of space between the
axles to slide in flat battery packs, Tesla - style.
Designed in homage to the 250 GTO
of the early 60's, the three vents over the rear wheel arch were actually functional, pulling air out
of the rear wheel arches and reducing lift over the rear
axle.
The Conti GT chassis and suspension
designs carry over, as does standard all - wheel drive, but now the torque split is 40 percent front, 60 percent rear, versus 50:50 before, and it's possible for 85 percent or more
of torque to be shuffled to either
axle.
Suspension systems — beam
axles to independent suspension — Workshop / History
of the post-war RM Rileys / 1906 AFC Grand Prix — Part one / Bob Chamberlin set out to
design and build his own car in 1938, Australia's sole prototype / The Turner Diaries — entries Armstrong - Siddeley 1954 - 1955 / Dr Silberrad's Oldsmobile — a remarkable history / Thompson's Tricar
An innovative rear suspension configuration
designed specifically for the 928, the Weissach
Axle helps eliminate lift - off oversteer, which plagued contemporary 911s, in part by using an additional set
of trailering arm pivots in a modified semi-trailing arm setup.
There's a host
of technology said to improve the driving experience, too; steering knuckles and various
axle components are constructed from aluminium, reducing unsprung masses, and there's a speed - sensitive power steering system
designed to boost both high - speed stability and agility, as well as make parking easier.
Of course, loaded with extras like rear -
axle steering, the handsome 21 - inch 911 Turbo
Design wheels, advanced adaptive cruise control, and Night Vision Assist that uses a thermal - imagining camera, the price tag surpasses $ 200,000.
More dynamic tweaks come in the form
of a new rear
axle, electro mechanical power steering and PDCC (Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control), a new system
designed to reduce body roll and hence up cornering speeds.
Porthole in - frame
design, with
axle shafts passing through the frame rails, provides a lower step - in height and a lower center
of gravity
Frame
design that locates the rear
axle shafts through the frame rails to allow for a lower step - in height and center
of gravity.
Designed to work in conjunction with the traction control system, the limited - slip differential gives the Raptor a much - needed locker - like capability to the front
axle, without any
of the binding or bad habits associated with a front locker.
Further unmistakable hallmarks
of the vehicle include its proportions,
design and the mixed tyres with different dimensions at the front and rear
axle, enhancing the look and functionality.
However, the attachment points between the
axle and chassis made up an unusual configuration that, in essence, consists
of two Watt's linkages at either end
of the
axle: A lower control arm attaches the
axle to the bottom
of the vehicle, while an upper link attaches at the top but faces towards the rear, unlike a typical 4 - link
design with both lower and upper links facing forward.
The potential inherent in the rear
axle design — based on the race - derived principle
of the rear
axle subframe being bolted to the body — and the even more precisely calculated elastokinematics for the front
axle are exploited to the full in the models featuring the Competition Package, with the aim
of enhancing driving precision.
This,
of course, is greatly dependent on parameters such as the car's power output, chassis rigidity, suspension
design and dimensioning, torque distribution between
axles and is mostly noticed on cars with a power output in excess
of 200Bhp.
Many automotive journalists fancy themselves
design experts, often examining a new car's looks almost to the point
of absurdity, from the quality
of the paint finish to the dash - to -
axle ratio, and when we find something we don't like, it's blacklisted for eternity.
In automotive
design, an M4, or Mid-engine, Four - wheel - drive layout places the internal combustion engine in the middle
of the vehicle, between both
axles and drives all four road wheels.
of torque (10 percent increase), with better fuel economy and increased refinement 6,000 - mile maintenance schedule for all gasoline engines Improved steering linkage for 4x4 models Trailer Sway Control added to available Electronic Stability Program (ESP) Tire Pressure Monitoring (TPM) system available 2007 MODEL YEAR YES ® Essentials Stain resistant, odor resistant, anti-static seat fabric incorporated into vehicles with cloth seats Power accessory delay E85 compatible 4.7 - liter V - 8 engine (Flexible Fuel Vehicle — FFV) Optional Electronic Stability Program (ESP) Optional remote start One - touch, three - blink lane change feature 2006 MODEL YEAR Multi-displacement System (MDS) on 5.7 - liter engine is a fully functioning cylinder deactivation system on a pickup truck (first for segment) and enables fuel economy improvements
of up to 20 percent Variable Line Pressure (VLP) feature on four - speed automatic transmission (mated with 3.7 - liter V - 6 engine) results in improved fuel economy and smoother shifts Front -
axle disconnect system (standard on 4x4 models) minimizes energy consumption and improves fuel economy NV244 full - time electric transfer case standard on all 4x4 models delivers 45/55 front / rear torque split when four - wheel drive is activated Optional all - wheel - drive electronic transfer case «Tow / haul» feature provides crisper shifts and reduces gear searching when towing Re-engineered hydroformed, fully boxed frame with increased torsional rigidity and bending stiffness for enhanced ride and handling capability and reduced transfer
of noise Reduced drag brake calipers contributing to enhanced aerodynamics Coil - over shock, double wishbone front suspension on 4x4 models Specifically tuned monotube shock absorbers Re-tuned springs, jounce bumpers and suspension bushings for enhanced driving dynamics Re-engineered body mount
design results in quieter cabin experience and more comfortable ride Re-engineered engine and transmission mounts for enhanced ride and handling characteristics
This unique look is completed by 17 - inch lightweight alloy wheel rims in a special
design, a tricolour badge on the rear and a sporty red adhesive stripe which draws attention to the classic body side, the low centre
of gravity and the seating position, tilted back towards the rear
axle, providing a shapely silhouette with the proportions
of a thoroughbred sports car.
2 speed front wipers + intermittent wipe, Black side skirts, Body coloured bumpers, Centre exhaust twin tailpipe, Door sill guards with logo, Electric windows + one touch open / close + door seal protection function, Electrically adjustable and heated door mirrors, Front lip spoiler, Green tinted heat insulating glass, Headlight washers, Heated rear window, Heated windscreen washers, LED daytime running lights, Rear diffuser, Tinted LED tail lights, Titanium coloured air intake trim, Titanium sports exhaust, Welcome home function, Windscreen with grey top tint, 12V socket in front passenger footwell, 2 in - dash cupholders above glove compartment, Air quality sensor, Air recirculation system, Alcantara centre console main storage compartment, Alcantara door handle, Alcantara door panel armrest, Alcantara roof lining, Alcantara seat centre panels, Centre console storage, Driver / passenger electric backrest adjustment, Footwell illumination, Front head restraints, Glovebox illumination, Ignition Lock illumination, Illumination
of luggage compartment, Interior orientation lighting, Leather clothes hooks on B pillar, Leather door panels, LED reading lights, Lockable glovebox, Manual height / reach adjust steering wheel, Pollen / active carbon filters, Rear
axle steering with sports setup, Sport
design steering wheel, Steering wheel gearshift paddles, Storage compartments in doors, Sunvisors with illuminated vanity mirrors
The Watt's Linkage is
designed to minimise lateral movement
of the rear
axle, which in turn gives the car better dynamics and stability.
The standard - cut (low pinion)
design is the strongest
design for rear -
axle applications, and it is available with the 5x5 JK lug pattern to allow a broad field
of wheel choices.
This upgrade
of the GT3 in its
design and contours serves above all to optimise the car's aerodynamics: The modifications increase downforce both on the front and rear
axle, ensu - ring more than twice as much downforce overall as on the former GT3.
Black Leather Interior, Seat Centre Strips In Black, 6 - Speed GT Sports Manual Transmission, Automatically Dimming Mirrors With Integrated Rain Sensor, BOSE Surround Sound - System, Bi-Xenon Main Headlights Including Porsche Dynamic Light System (PDLS), Carbon Interior Package (With Leather Interior), Chrono Package And Preparation For Lap Trigger, Cruise Control, Deletion
Of Model Designation, Digital Radio, Front Axle Lift System, Fuel Filler Cap With Aluminium Look Finish, Headlight Cleaning System Covers Painted, Home Link (Programmable Garage Door Opener), Light Design Package, Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake (PCCB), Reversing Camera, Seat Heating, Silver Grey Seat Belts, Smoking Package, Sports Bucket Seats, Steering Wheel Rim And Gear Selector In Smooth - Finish Leather Black, Storage Net In Passenger Foot Well, Sun Visors In Alcantara, Touring Package With Exterior In Black Wheels Painted In Satin Platinum (Complete), Brake pad wear indicator warning light,Electro - mechanical PAS, Instrument cluster with high - resolution 4.6 - inch TFT colour display, On board computer, Titanium rev counter, Connect Plus with Apple CarPlay, wireless internet access, Carfinder, Remote Vehicle Status and Remote Services, 2 speed front wipers + intermittent wipe, Body coloured bumpers, Centre exhaust twin tailpipe, Door sill guards with logo, Electric windows + one touch open / close + door seal protection function, Electrically adjustable and heated door mirrors, Front lip spoiler, Green tinted heat insulating glass, Headlight washers, Heated rear window, Heated windscreen washers, LED daytime running lights, Rear diffuser, Sports exhaust system, Tinted LED tail lights, Titanium coloured air intake trim, Welcome home function, Windscreen with grey top tint, 12 V socket in front passenger footwell, 2 in - dash cupholders above glove compartment, Air quality sensor, Air recirculation system, Alcantara centre console main storage compartment, Alcantara door panel armrest, Alcantara roof lining, Alcantara seat centre panels, Centre console storage, Driver / passenger electric backrest adjustment, Dual zone automatic climate control, Footwell illumination, Front head restraints, Glovebox illumination, Ignition Lock illumination, Illumination of luggage compartment, Interior orientation lighting, Isofix child seat preparation, Leather clothes hooks on B pillar, LED reading lights, Lockable glovebox, Manual height / reach adjust steering wheel, Pollen / active carbon filters, Split folding rear seats, Sport design steering wheel, Steering wheel gearshift paddles, Storage compartments in doors, Sunvisors with illuminated vanity mirrors, 3 point inertia reel seatbelts, ABS, ASR + ABD, Driver / Front Passenger airbags, Electronic parking brake, Front head airbags, Front passenger airbag deactivation, Front seat thorax airbags, Front seatbelt pretensioners with force limiters, Height adjustable front seatbelts, Motor Slip Regulation - Engine Drag Torque Control, POSIP, Red brake calipers, Side window airbags, Tyre pressure monitoring system, Alarm system with interior radar surveillance,Anti - theft wheel bolts, Porsche vehicle tracking system (VTS), Remote control central locking, Transponder engine immobiliser, Dynamic engine mounts, PASM with lowered sports suspension, Porsche stability management (PSM), Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus), Brushed aluminium interior trim, 20» GT3 alloy Wheel, Sealing compound and compressor k
Of Model Designation, Digital Radio, Front
Axle Lift System, Fuel Filler Cap With Aluminium Look Finish, Headlight Cleaning System Covers Painted, Home Link (Programmable Garage Door Opener), Light
Design Package, Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake (PCCB), Reversing Camera, Seat Heating, Silver Grey Seat Belts, Smoking Package, Sports Bucket Seats, Steering Wheel Rim And Gear Selector In Smooth - Finish Leather Black, Storage Net In Passenger Foot Well, Sun Visors In Alcantara, Touring Package With Exterior In Black Wheels Painted In Satin Platinum (Complete), Brake pad wear indicator warning light,Electro - mechanical PAS, Instrument cluster with high - resolution 4.6 - inch TFT colour display, On board computer, Titanium rev counter, Connect Plus with Apple CarPlay, wireless internet access, Carfinder, Remote Vehicle Status and Remote Services, 2 speed front wipers + intermittent wipe, Body coloured bumpers, Centre exhaust twin tailpipe, Door sill guards with logo, Electric windows + one touch open / close + door seal protection function, Electrically adjustable and heated door mirrors, Front lip spoiler, Green tinted heat insulating glass, Headlight washers, Heated rear window, Heated windscreen washers, LED daytime running lights, Rear diffuser, Sports exhaust system, Tinted LED tail lights, Titanium coloured air intake trim, Welcome home function, Windscreen with grey top tint, 12 V socket in front passenger footwell, 2 in - dash cupholders above glove compartment, Air quality sensor, Air recirculation system, Alcantara centre console main storage compartment, Alcantara door panel armrest, Alcantara roof lining, Alcantara seat centre panels, Centre console storage, Driver / passenger electric backrest adjustment, Dual zone automatic climate control, Footwell illumination, Front head restraints, Glovebox illumination, Ignition Lock illumination, Illumination of luggage compartment, Interior orientation lighting, Isofix child seat preparation, Leather clothes hooks on B pillar, LED reading lights, Lockable glovebox, Manual height / reach adjust steering wheel, Pollen / active carbon filters, Split folding rear seats, Sport design steering wheel, Steering wheel gearshift paddles, Storage compartments in doors, Sunvisors with illuminated vanity mirrors, 3 point inertia reel seatbelts, ABS, ASR + ABD, Driver / Front Passenger airbags, Electronic parking brake, Front head airbags, Front passenger airbag deactivation, Front seat thorax airbags, Front seatbelt pretensioners with force limiters, Height adjustable front seatbelts, Motor Slip Regulation - Engine Drag Torque Control, POSIP, Red brake calipers, Side window airbags, Tyre pressure monitoring system, Alarm system with interior radar surveillance,Anti - theft wheel bolts, Porsche vehicle tracking system (VTS), Remote control central locking, Transponder engine immobiliser, Dynamic engine mounts, PASM with lowered sports suspension, Porsche stability management (PSM), Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus), Brushed aluminium interior trim, 20» GT3 alloy Wheel, Sealing compound and compress
Design Package, Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake (PCCB), Reversing Camera, Seat Heating, Silver Grey Seat Belts, Smoking Package, Sports Bucket Seats, Steering Wheel Rim And Gear Selector In Smooth - Finish Leather Black, Storage Net In Passenger Foot Well, Sun Visors In Alcantara, Touring Package With Exterior In Black Wheels Painted In Satin Platinum (Complete), Brake pad wear indicator warning light,Electro - mechanical PAS, Instrument cluster with high - resolution 4.6 - inch TFT colour display, On board computer, Titanium rev counter, Connect Plus with Apple CarPlay, wireless internet access, Carfinder, Remote Vehicle Status and Remote Services, 2 speed front wipers + intermittent wipe, Body coloured bumpers, Centre exhaust twin tailpipe, Door sill guards with logo, Electric windows + one touch open / close + door seal protection function, Electrically adjustable and heated door mirrors, Front lip spoiler, Green tinted heat insulating glass, Headlight washers, Heated rear window, Heated windscreen washers, LED daytime running lights, Rear diffuser, Sports exhaust system, Tinted LED tail lights, Titanium coloured air intake trim, Welcome home function, Windscreen with grey top tint, 12 V socket in front passenger footwell, 2 in - dash cupholders above glove compartment, Air quality sensor, Air recirculation system, Alcantara centre console main storage compartment, Alcantara door panel armrest, Alcantara roof lining, Alcantara seat centre panels, Centre console storage, Driver / passenger electric backrest adjustment, Dual zone automatic climate control, Footwell illumination, Front head restraints, Glovebox illumination, Ignition Lock illumination, Illumination
of luggage compartment, Interior orientation lighting, Isofix child seat preparation, Leather clothes hooks on B pillar, LED reading lights, Lockable glovebox, Manual height / reach adjust steering wheel, Pollen / active carbon filters, Split folding rear seats, Sport design steering wheel, Steering wheel gearshift paddles, Storage compartments in doors, Sunvisors with illuminated vanity mirrors, 3 point inertia reel seatbelts, ABS, ASR + ABD, Driver / Front Passenger airbags, Electronic parking brake, Front head airbags, Front passenger airbag deactivation, Front seat thorax airbags, Front seatbelt pretensioners with force limiters, Height adjustable front seatbelts, Motor Slip Regulation - Engine Drag Torque Control, POSIP, Red brake calipers, Side window airbags, Tyre pressure monitoring system, Alarm system with interior radar surveillance,Anti - theft wheel bolts, Porsche vehicle tracking system (VTS), Remote control central locking, Transponder engine immobiliser, Dynamic engine mounts, PASM with lowered sports suspension, Porsche stability management (PSM), Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus), Brushed aluminium interior trim, 20» GT3 alloy Wheel, Sealing compound and compressor k
of luggage compartment, Interior orientation lighting, Isofix child seat preparation, Leather clothes hooks on B pillar, LED reading lights, Lockable glovebox, Manual height / reach adjust steering wheel, Pollen / active carbon filters, Split folding rear seats, Sport
design steering wheel, Steering wheel gearshift paddles, Storage compartments in doors, Sunvisors with illuminated vanity mirrors, 3 point inertia reel seatbelts, ABS, ASR + ABD, Driver / Front Passenger airbags, Electronic parking brake, Front head airbags, Front passenger airbag deactivation, Front seat thorax airbags, Front seatbelt pretensioners with force limiters, Height adjustable front seatbelts, Motor Slip Regulation - Engine Drag Torque Control, POSIP, Red brake calipers, Side window airbags, Tyre pressure monitoring system, Alarm system with interior radar surveillance,Anti - theft wheel bolts, Porsche vehicle tracking system (VTS), Remote control central locking, Transponder engine immobiliser, Dynamic engine mounts, PASM with lowered sports suspension, Porsche stability management (PSM), Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus), Brushed aluminium interior trim, 20» GT3 alloy Wheel, Sealing compound and compress
design steering wheel, Steering wheel gearshift paddles, Storage compartments in doors, Sunvisors with illuminated vanity mirrors, 3 point inertia reel seatbelts, ABS, ASR + ABD, Driver / Front Passenger airbags, Electronic parking brake, Front head airbags, Front passenger airbag deactivation, Front seat thorax airbags, Front seatbelt pretensioners with force limiters, Height adjustable front seatbelts, Motor Slip Regulation - Engine Drag Torque Control, POSIP, Red brake calipers, Side window airbags, Tyre pressure monitoring system, Alarm system with interior radar surveillance,Anti - theft wheel bolts, Porsche vehicle tracking system (VTS), Remote control central locking, Transponder engine immobiliser, Dynamic engine mounts, PASM with lowered sports suspension, Porsche stability management (PSM), Porsche Torque Vectoring Plus (PTV Plus), Brushed aluminium interior trim, 20» GT3 alloy Wheel, Sealing compound and compressor kit
In the past few years, however, the trend pointed into the opposite direction: Increased demands for driving dynamics, safety, and comfort made car chassis constructions more and more complex and heavier — more structural components, new
axle designs, integration
of active suspension components.
Due to the separation
of functions, the multilink rear suspension allows for a targeted
design of chassis - specific characteristics and thus clearly stands out from the twist - beam rear
axle.
The small Servolectric is
designed for steering
axle loads
of up to 1,000 kilograms.
The pivot bearings
of the front
axle, the progressive steering, the RS ‑ specific sport suspension and optional Audi magnetic ride adaptive damper control are
designed specifically for the RS.
A rear carbon fiber diffuser extends forward
of the rear
axle, and includes six removable strake extensions,
designed to rub against the track surface for increased straight - line stability and optimized downforce.
Automatically dimming mirrors with integrated rain sensor, BOSE Surround Sound - System, Centre console trim Carbon, Electric slide / tilt glass sunroof, Front
axle lift system, Fuel filler cap with Aluminium look finish, GTS interior package, Heated multifunction steering wheel, ISOFIX child seat mounting points on front passenger seat, Instrument dials in silver, LED main headlights in black including Porsche Dynamic Light System Plus (PDLS Plus), Light
design package, ParkAssist (front and rear), Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake (PCCB), Porsche Doppelkupplung (PDK), Porsche Dynamic Chassis Control (PDCC) including PASM sports suspension (20 mm lower), Privacy glass (rear side windows and rear window), Rear -
axle steering, Smoking package, SportDesign package, Sports seat Plus backrests in leather, Sun visors in Alcantara, Porsche Centre Leeds offer bespoke services including:, tailor made videos and vehicle delivery, We can also collect you from local transport links such as Leeds train station or Leeds Bradford Airport., We offer tailored finance packages and our team
of buyers are on hand to offer the best price for your part exchange from any manufacturer., Have a question?
It's even more comfortable on smaller wheels, as larger alloys do cause some harsher jolts from the rear
axle over more severe bumps, but that's not too much
of a surprise given that the Disco has been
designed to carry seven people and luggage.
The SLS AMG GT3 was
designed entirely by Mercedes» high performance AMG division and features modified body with a race - grade aerodynamics package and additional vanes on the front corners which can be adjusted depending on the downforce
of the
axle.
The high - end chassis technology in the new BMW i8 Coupe and BMW i8 Roadster is based on a double - wishbone front
axle and a five - link rear
axle, the aluminum components
of which have been engineered for optimum weight and rigidity using specific
design techniques and production processes.
The robustness
of the vehicle architecture and the added width
of the rear cabin to accommodate a two - seat bench are reinforced from behind by the full - width combination lamp
design above a clearly separate rear
axle structure which incorporates the electric motor drive system.
The N Power Sense
Axle design has been geometrically optimised for precise steering response, direct feedback, and an increased sense
of linearity
of response in all scenarios.
Consider the Nissan GT - R or Audi R8 if you appreciate truly advanced
design and engineering, or the familiar handling characteristics that come when an engine is placed in front
of the rear
axle.
Critical Knowledge: All - new
design for 2009Larger in nearly every dimensionHigh - strength steel used in manufacturingExclusive new turbocharged 4 - cylinder engineStandard quattro all - wheel drive (AWD) Engine sits behind front
axle for better weight distributionAudi Dynamic Steering improves steering feelHigh level
of standard safety featuresNew electromechanically operated tailgateAvailable in Fall 2008IntroductionIntroduced in 1998, Audi's popular A4 Avant (station wagon) model traces its lineage back to the Audi 80 Avant, a model first launched in 1966.
Both the front and rear
axle are five - link
designs, replacing the double wishbone
axles of the previous model.
And the rear has also been optimised by the MANSORY specialists in terms
of design and aerodynamics: The diffuser built into the new apron stabilises the car at high speeds and in conjunction with the beautiful rear spoiler, generates additional downforce on the rear
axle.
Critical Knowledge: 2.0 - liter, turbodiesel hybrid powertrainElectric Rear
Axle Drive (ERAD) Modern interpretation
of traditional Land Rover
design elementsUse
of lightweight, recycled polycarbonate materials
This new G - Class model promises to be one
of the most capable SUVs ever
designed, with a variety
of unique off - roading features such as portal
axles, three locking differentials and 18 inches
of ground clearance.
On my brand new Nissan, I had to replace an
Axle, the rubber silicone cover on my driver side window because
of a Wind Tab poor
design, my fuel pump twice, an exterior trim twice and my Air
The superior
design of the five - link coil system functionally resists unwanted
axle rotation.
Mercedes countered the reservations with a particularly robust
design of all
axle components, which should reach in terms
of durability, the level
of the existing rigid
axle.
The electric motor
of the BMW Concept Active Tourer is
designed as a fully - fledged power unit and acts on the rear
axle, if necessary powering the car on its own.