The system allows up to 100 percent of rear
axle drive torque to be distributed to either rear wheel, according to available grip.
Not exact matches
This means it follows the Mercedes - AMG E63 in going four - wheel
drive (with the same ability to send all the
torque to the rear
axle for the ultimate in accelerated tyre wear), while its predecessor's twin turbocharged 4.4 - litre V8 has been heavily tweaked to the tune of 592bhp.
This gas engine sends 185 hp and 185 lb - ft of
torque to the front wheels, while the «e-AWD» moniker refers to a small, 35 - hp electric motor in the rear
axle that gives the Trail» ster all - wheel -
drive traction and a system total of 220 hp.
The 5.2 - liter, naturally aspirated gas engine would
drive the Asterion's rear wheels via a seven - speed dual - clutch automatic transmission while a pair of electric motors hooked up to a computer - operated
torque vectoring system on the front
axle would power the hybrid car's front wheels.
The all - wheel -
drive system uses twin electronically controlled clutch packs on each side of the rear
drive unit to manage the front - rear split as well as side - to - side
torque vectoring on the rear
axle.
Although front - wheel
drive will be standard, the 2017 Cadillac XT5 also offers a «twin clutch» all - wheel -
drive system that can route 100 percent of its
torque to the front or rear
axles.
Helping the all - wheel -
drive crossover stay grounded is its advanced driveline management software, which automatically varies the
torque split between the two
axles.
So rather than trying to send much of the 510 lb - ft of
torque to the rear
axle, I concentrated on enjoying the smooth shifts available from the short - throw, six - speed gearbox, which is a great box but, I might offer, no better than the one in the Roush Mustang that we
drove a few months ago.
Quattro all - wheel
drive splits the
torque between the
axles unevenly at 40/60 percent front to rear, but if need be, up to 90 percent can be directed to the front wheels.
In gentle
driving, the rear wheels are disconnected to save fuel, but hard acceleration can force almost 100 percent of engine
torque to the rear
axle.
Like other recent 43 - badged models, the GLC 43 uses a 3 - litre, V6 biturbo petrol engine and
drives all four wheels through Mercedes» 4Matic all - wheel
drive system, with 69 per cent of the
torque directed to the rear
axle.
The new all - wheel -
drive unit uses an electronically controlled twin - clutch system fitted to the rear
axle, which can divert up to 70 percent of available
torque to the rear wheels.
It's available with all - wheel
drive, and for the first time with proper
torque vectoring at the rear
axle.
Meaty steering and powerful, progressive brakes add to the appeal, while the clever four - wheel
drive system sends enough
torque to the rear
axle to allow you to trim your line with throttle.
The Conti GT chassis and suspension designs carry over, as does standard all - wheel
drive, but now the
torque split is 40 percent front, 60 percent rear, versus 50:50 before, and it's possible for 85 percent or more of
torque to be shuffled to either
axle.
As the propshaft is being constantly
driven, as soon as the clutch packs in the rear
axle begin to close they immediately send
torque to the rear wheels.
MSRP (with destination): $ 31,970 PRICE AS TESTED: $ 37,805 ENGINE: 3.6 - liter DOHC V - 6 Horsepower: 285 hp @ 6400 rpm
Torque: 260 lb - ft @ 4800 rpm TRANSMISSION: 5 - speed automatic
DRIVE: Four - wheel WHEELS AND TIRES: 18 - inch aluminum wheels 255 / 70SR -18 Bridgestone Dueler A / T tires FUEL ECONOMY (city / highway / combined): 16/20/18 mpg CURB WEIGHT: 4294 lb CAPACITIES: Doors / Passengers: 4/5 Cargo (rear seats up / down): 46.4 / 86.8 cu ft Legroom (front / rear): 41.0 / 37.2 in Headroom (front / rear): 41.3 / 40.4 in Towing: 2000 lb EXTERIOR / INTERIOR COLOR: Black / Black STANDARD FEATURES: 6 - speed manual transmission Stability and traction control Hill start assist Roll mitigation Part - time four - wheel drive 3.21 rear axle ratio Transfer case and fuel tank skid plates Cruise control 115V auxiliary power outlet Air conditioning 7 - speaker Infinity audio system w / subwoofer Auxiliary audio jack SiriusXM satellite radio w / one - year subscription Tilt steering wheel Temperature gauge and compass Leather - wrapped steering wheel w / audio controls Height - adjustable driver's seat 60 / 40 - split folding rear seats Rear compartment covered storage OPTIONS ON THIS VEHICLE: Altitude Edition - $ 2995 18 - inch painted aluminum wheels Black Jeep grille badge Front and rear bumper body - color appliques Gloss black interior accents Red interior stitching accents Altitude floor mats and hood decal Heated front seats Body - color 3 - piece hardtop Mopar fuel filler door Freedom panel storage bag Rear window washer, wiper, and defroster Connectivity group - $ 385 USB port Electronic vehicle information center UConnect voice control w / Bluetooth 5 - speed automatic transmission - $ 1125 Hill descent control Track - Lok rear limited slip differential - $ 295 UConnect 430N - $ 1035 40 GB hard drive w / 28 available GB SiriusXM travel link w / one - year subscription 6.5 - inch touchscreen display Navigation KEY OPTIONS NOT ON THIS VEHICLE: Dual top group - $ 890 Trailer tow group - $ 295 3.73 rear axle ratio - $ 95 ADDITIONAL SPECS: This is the one of the top - tier Wrangler Unlimited trim levels, only trumped in price by the «Call of Duty: MW3 Edition» Wrangler Unlimited m
DRIVE: Four - wheel WHEELS AND TIRES: 18 - inch aluminum wheels 255 / 70SR -18 Bridgestone Dueler A / T tires FUEL ECONOMY (city / highway / combined): 16/20/18 mpg CURB WEIGHT: 4294 lb CAPACITIES: Doors / Passengers: 4/5 Cargo (rear seats up / down): 46.4 / 86.8 cu ft Legroom (front / rear): 41.0 / 37.2 in Headroom (front / rear): 41.3 / 40.4 in Towing: 2000 lb EXTERIOR / INTERIOR COLOR: Black / Black STANDARD FEATURES: 6 - speed manual transmission Stability and traction control Hill start assist Roll mitigation Part - time four - wheel
drive 3.21 rear axle ratio Transfer case and fuel tank skid plates Cruise control 115V auxiliary power outlet Air conditioning 7 - speaker Infinity audio system w / subwoofer Auxiliary audio jack SiriusXM satellite radio w / one - year subscription Tilt steering wheel Temperature gauge and compass Leather - wrapped steering wheel w / audio controls Height - adjustable driver's seat 60 / 40 - split folding rear seats Rear compartment covered storage OPTIONS ON THIS VEHICLE: Altitude Edition - $ 2995 18 - inch painted aluminum wheels Black Jeep grille badge Front and rear bumper body - color appliques Gloss black interior accents Red interior stitching accents Altitude floor mats and hood decal Heated front seats Body - color 3 - piece hardtop Mopar fuel filler door Freedom panel storage bag Rear window washer, wiper, and defroster Connectivity group - $ 385 USB port Electronic vehicle information center UConnect voice control w / Bluetooth 5 - speed automatic transmission - $ 1125 Hill descent control Track - Lok rear limited slip differential - $ 295 UConnect 430N - $ 1035 40 GB hard drive w / 28 available GB SiriusXM travel link w / one - year subscription 6.5 - inch touchscreen display Navigation KEY OPTIONS NOT ON THIS VEHICLE: Dual top group - $ 890 Trailer tow group - $ 295 3.73 rear axle ratio - $ 95 ADDITIONAL SPECS: This is the one of the top - tier Wrangler Unlimited trim levels, only trumped in price by the «Call of Duty: MW3 Edition» Wrangler Unlimited m
drive 3.21 rear
axle ratio Transfer case and fuel tank skid plates Cruise control 115V auxiliary power outlet Air conditioning 7 - speaker Infinity audio system w / subwoofer Auxiliary audio jack SiriusXM satellite radio w / one - year subscription Tilt steering wheel Temperature gauge and compass Leather - wrapped steering wheel w / audio controls Height - adjustable driver's seat 60 / 40 - split folding rear seats Rear compartment covered storage OPTIONS ON THIS VEHICLE: Altitude Edition - $ 2995 18 - inch painted aluminum wheels Black Jeep grille badge Front and rear bumper body - color appliques Gloss black interior accents Red interior stitching accents Altitude floor mats and hood decal Heated front seats Body - color 3 - piece hardtop Mopar fuel filler door Freedom panel storage bag Rear window washer, wiper, and defroster Connectivity group - $ 385 USB port Electronic vehicle information center UConnect voice control w / Bluetooth 5 - speed automatic transmission - $ 1125 Hill descent control Track - Lok rear limited slip differential - $ 295 UConnect 430N - $ 1035 40 GB hard
drive w / 28 available GB SiriusXM travel link w / one - year subscription 6.5 - inch touchscreen display Navigation KEY OPTIONS NOT ON THIS VEHICLE: Dual top group - $ 890 Trailer tow group - $ 295 3.73 rear axle ratio - $ 95 ADDITIONAL SPECS: This is the one of the top - tier Wrangler Unlimited trim levels, only trumped in price by the «Call of Duty: MW3 Edition» Wrangler Unlimited m
drive w / 28 available GB SiriusXM travel link w / one - year subscription 6.5 - inch touchscreen display Navigation KEY OPTIONS NOT ON THIS VEHICLE: Dual top group - $ 890 Trailer tow group - $ 295 3.73 rear
axle ratio - $ 95 ADDITIONAL SPECS: This is the one of the top - tier Wrangler Unlimited trim levels, only trumped in price by the «Call of Duty: MW3 Edition» Wrangler Unlimited model.
All - wheel
drive remains standard on the 2014 Range Rover Evoque, but the system now can decouple the rear
axle for more fuel - efficient cruising; it also adds
torque vectoring to combat understeer.
Raise your hand if you like the idea of a 280 - hp, turbocharged, all - wheel -
drive wagon with a manual transmission and rear -
axle torque vectoring.
When both of the clutch packs on the rear
axle are open, and no
torque is being sent to either rear wheel, the RS is essentially a front wheel
drive car.
There's four - wheel
drive with a twin - clutch rear diff that offers a proper
torque vectoring system that takes into account throttle position, steering angle and road surface when distributing power across the rear
axle and for the GSi it features a unique set of calibrations.
There's adjustability in the handling, though, with the four - wheel -
drive system sending enough
torque to the rear
axle to subtly alter your line — it never gets anywhere near wayward, but there's enough movement to warrant seeking out the twistier routes home.
Base Price: $ 847,975 Powertrain Engine: 32 - valve DOHC V - 8 / plug - in electric hybrid Displacement: 4.6 liters (280 cu in) Power: 608 hp @ 8700 rpm
Torque: 390 lb - ft @ 6600 rpm Motors: Two permanent - magnet AC synchronous Electric output: 129/156 hp (front / rear
axle) Batteries: 6.8 - kWh lithium - ion Total output: 887 hp Transmission: 7 - speed automatic
Drive: 4 - wheel Chassis Steering: Electrically assisted Front suspension: Control arms, coil springs Rear suspension: Multilink, coil springs Brakes: Vented carbon - ceramic discs Tires: Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 Tire sizes F, R: 265 / 35R -20 (95Y), 325 / 30R -21 (104Y) Measurements L x W x H: 182.8 x 76.4 x 45.9 in Wheelbase: 107.5 in Track F / R: 65.5 / 63.5 in Weight: 3715 lb Weight dist.
The 4Matic setup can fully vary
torque between the
axle, giving the E63 as much tyre - vapourising potential as its rear -
drive predecessor but extra security when
driving conditions aren't conducive to traction.
Drive is sent to all four wheels, of course, but this new RS uses a quattro four - wheel drive system that can send 100 per cent of torque to either axle — although it'll only do so in extreme circumsta
Drive is sent to all four wheels, of course, but this new RS uses a quattro four - wheel
drive system that can send 100 per cent of torque to either axle — although it'll only do so in extreme circumsta
drive system that can send 100 per cent of
torque to either
axle — although it'll only do so in extreme circumstances.
Lift off the throttle, and the all - wheel -
drive system now diverts less
torque to the front
axle, reducing understeer.
Most of the time the M760's all - wheel
drive system is rear
drive - biased, but when required xDrive will reduce the
torque flow to the rear
axle and direct it forward.
Available all - wheel
drive manages
torque split between the front and rear
axles, putting more power to different
axles as needed
Drive is still sent to all four wheels via a seven - speed S tronic dual - clutch transmission, though the latest setup can now send up to 100 per cent of the car's power to the rear wheels alone, in certain situations, with a
torque vectoring effect through the multi-plate clutch on the rear
axle to also divert power to the wheels with the greatest grip.
And despite the four - wheel
drive system being technically capable of sending all
torque to the rear
axle, you'll never actually feel it do so when powering away from a bend.
On front
driven cars, the motor sits about over the front
axles, which means any
torque applied to the frame by the motor would not cause an increase or decrease of «weight» on the front wheels, only on the rear wheels.
(Volkswagen's 4Motion all - wheel
drive normally operates in front - wheel -
drive mode until the system detects slip, at which point the differential can send 100 percent of available engine
torque to the rear
axle.)
We
drove the «All 4» version which, like its Countryman sister, uses a part - time four - wheel
drive system to redistribute
torque to the rear
axle when slip is detected at the front.
The all - wheel
drive system is controlled by a set of electro - hydraulic clutches that vary
torque between both
axles according to both the conditions and driver mode selected.
But it's not plain - old front - wheel
drive, the R uses VW's XDS pseudo LSD that employs the front brakes to try and evenly distribute
torque across the front
axle.
Up to 70 % of
drive torque can be diverted to the rear
axle, and up to 100 % of available
torque at the rear
axle can be sent to each rear wheel, the automaker says.
The four - wheel
drive system can send up to 50 per cent of its
torque to the rear
axle, although it is primarily front - wheel
drive like all Haldex - based systems.
But here's what you can't have on the Audi: a choice of two biturbo dry - sump lubricated engines; Porsche Active Suspension Management (standard on the Turbo) and an optional, height - adjustable air suspension; a rear - biased all - wheel -
drive system that can quickly divert up to 100 percent of
torque to either axle via a multiplate electronic clutch; and available ceramic composite brakes and Porsche Torque Vectoring, the latter distributing rear twist from side to
torque to either
axle via a multiplate electronic clutch; and available ceramic composite brakes and Porsche
Torque Vectoring, the latter distributing rear twist from side to
Torque Vectoring, the latter distributing rear twist from side to side.
The clutch plates in the four - wheel
drive system now have a higher friction coefficient, which ensures even faster and more precise
torque distribution to the front
axle, while the rear
axle still features a
torque vectoring differential.
The AllGrip four - wheel
drive is simple to use (it's switch activated), and can automatically shift
torque between the
axles to minimise wheelspin and maximise
drive.
There's a strong emphasis on rear -
drive dynamics, with just enough
torque sent to the front
axle to enhance corner exit without the muddying effects of excess understeer.
Similar to Tesla's approach, the Generation EQ features a floor - mounted lithium - ion battery paired with an electric motor at each
axle, providing permanent all - wheel
drive, 402 hp, and 516 lb - ft of
torque.
This is made possible by an electromagnetic clutch, which constantly adapts to road conditions and driver behavior, functioning as a rear -
drive car when grip is good, but adding progressively more
torque to the front
axle as needed.
The new 9 - 3 will offer a «through - the - road» hybrid system, with the front - wheel -
drive gasoline - engine powertrain supplemented by electrically
driven rear wheels, which will be able to provide
torque vectoring across the rear
axle to aid cornering.
«In this mode, more
drive torque is directed to the rear
axle, while the amount of permissible rear wheel slip is increased.
The all - wheel -
drive system also features Honda's
torque - vectoring capability, with clutch packs on either side of the rear differential that can open and close to transfer
torque across the rear
axle.
The car still very much feels rear - wheel
drive when it needs to thanks to the active four wheel
drive system diverting
torque to the front
axle as and when it needs it.
All British S63s will be rear -
drive, but in left - hand
drive markets Mercedes is now offering the option of a 4 - Matic four - wheel
drive version, which uses a transfer box at the back of the gearbox to split
torque between
axles.
The four - wheel
drive system is carried over, too, and it now sends fractionally more
torque towards the rear
axle.
Four - wheel -
drive versions will distribute
torque between the
axles via a Haldex clutch.