Sentences with phrase «axon fiber»

Planum temporale asymmetries correlate with corpus callosum axon fiber density in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

Right now all therapy for glaucoma is directed at lowering eye pressure, but the idea that we could develop therapies and test them in people that really target the retinal ganglion cells and the axon fibers going into the optic nerve — that, I think, is the most exciting new frontier for the premise of restoring vision and protecting vision in glaucoma.

Not exact matches

The center of the cord is gray matter — essentially an extension of the brain, like a tail — that is sheathed in fibrous white matter, with long, thin nerve fibers called axons shooting out at intervals to wire every part of the body.

TBI commonly damages nerve fibers in the brain called axons.

They make myelin, the fatty coating around axons — long, threadlike fibers that relay neural impulses from one cell to the next, activating the circuitry that endows us with the physical and emotional capacity to fully embrace the world.

The brain's white matter is composed of millions of nerve fibers called axons that act like communication cables connecting various regions of the brain.

The other cells that die are axons, the long fibers extending from the neurons that carry signals from neuron to neuron.

In separate experiments, when Rab32 rises in response to stress in the endoplasmic reticulum, or ER, several things happen: The nerve cell fibers (both axons and the message - receiving dendrites) are shorter, mitochondria are bulkier than normal and their numbers spike.

Once a specific threshold is reached, an electrical signal travels down the axon — the nerve fibers within the neuron — and the neuron fires.

The out - of - place organs extended information - transmitting nerve fibers known as axons into the animal's brain.

Specifically, the research sheds light on the role of RPM - 1 in the development of axons or nerve fibers — the elongated projections of nerve cells that transmit electrical impulses away from the neuron via synapses.

«We looked at the optic nerve and saw normal myelination,» Mukherjee said, referring to the fatty white sheathing wrapped around axons, the nerve fibers that allow information transmission over distances to proceed efficiently and rapidly.

At one point, the researchers witnessed a microglial cell creeping, amoeba - like, through densely interwoven nerve fibers as it displaced a neuronal cell body and its bundle of axons.

DTI «sees» the movement of water molecules within and along axons, the nerve fibers that constitute the brain's white matter.

In another experiment, the researchers severed rodents» optic nerves — an act ordinarily lethal to RGCs, whose outgoing fibers, called axons, constitute the optic nerve.

Recent research suggests one benefit of environmental enrichment at the cellular level: it repairs brain myelin, the protective insulation surrounding axons, or nerve fibers, which can be lost because of aging, injury or diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

It focused on changes in axons — the fibers, the nerve signal «transmission «lines within the spinal cord that affect voluntary movement after stroke.

There are two categories of CMT: those caused by the loss of axons in the peripheral nerves (CMT2) and those characterized by a malfunction in the Schwann cells that make up the myelin sheath, the protective coating that surrounds the nerve fibers and allows them to conduct nerve signals at high speeds (CMT1).

The study looked at mouse neurons in wells connected by tiny channels that allow growth of axons — the long fibers that neurons use to communicate.

Long, thin fibers called axons extend from neural cells, and the particular geometry of the thalamus, with its many connections, makes it particularly vulnerable to injury.

An unpredictable disease that disrupts the flow of information within the brain and between the brain and the body, MS is triggered when the immune system attacks the myelin sheath, the protective covering around the axons of nerve fibers.

Studies conducted by Hendry at the Australian National University and by K. Stockel and H. Thoenen at the Basel Institute for Immunology have demonstrated that NGF is taken up at the terminal nerve endings of the sympathetic fibers and transported back to the neuronal cell body along the axon.

We are using these new tools to image the structural features of individual cells, such as the cell body and the axons of the cells, which are long fibers that extend from each neuron, together forming the optic nerve that transmits visual information to the brain.

The microglia then «summon» peripheral immune cells from other parts of the body, and these cells proceed to attack the protective myelin sheaths that surround the axons — or nerve fibers — in the brain.

And they tested the technology on a tiny slice of an adult mouse's neocortex, gaining new insights into the complex relationship between axons (nerve fibers) and dendrites (branches on neurons that act kind of like electric input sockets).

V2a interneurons are, in fact, some of the longest cells in the body, able to extend their axon — the nerve fibers that transmit electrical impulses — across several vertebrae.

One of the processes involves axons, or fibers that connect nerve cells.

When retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons are injured, before completely degenerating, they exhibit a phase during which their internal «skeletal» structure (normally consisting of a highly organized arrangement of fibers) becomes disorganized.

The axon is also known as a nerve fiber, and it functions to transmit nerve impulses away from the nerve cell body to different neurons, muscles and glands.

A bundle of more than one million nerve fibers, or axons, which carry visual information from the eye to the brain.

Skin cells, for example, are small and compact, while nerve cells that enable you to wiggle your toes have long, branching nerve fibers called axons that conduct electrical impulses.

A long fiber called the axon extends from the cell body and is coated with a protective sheath called myelin, which acts like insulation on a wire, protecting the axon and facilitating sending and receiving electrical signals.

As defined by my grad school bible, Principles of Neural Science: «The axon and the muscle fibers it innervates constitute a motor unit.»

Merck states: «The myelin sheaths of many nerve fibers promote transmission of the neural impulse along the axon.

As a general limitation that applies to the current DTI research at large we recognise that FA differences between groups could be a result of several factors (myelination, axon density, axon diameter, membrane permeability, or even axonal orientation and fiber crossing) and that simple DTI tensor calculations as employed in our study may not conclusively link the regional abnormalities to any specific mechanism (Jones et al. 2013).