Sentences with phrase «axons form»

GenSight's treatment is for people with damaged photoreceptor cells but intact ganglion cells; it inserts the gene into the ganglion cells, whose axons form the basis of the optic nerve.

«If we want to regenerate an injured system,» Fox explains, «we have to understand how all these axons form connections in the first place.

Not exact matches

Importantly, genetic modifications blocking alternative splicing of Cdc42 in mice result in incorrectly formed axons and dendrites and, ultimately, structural and behavioural abnormalities.

To make sure she understood how nuclei, dendrites, and axons came together to form different types of brain cells, she pulled out her crochet hook and went to work.

Axons sprout from neurons and then migrate to specific parts of the developing brain where they interact with other neurons to form neural networks.

Without a viable partner the axon would die; the guide cells form temporary synapses with the axons until the intended target is found.

OLs formed before tamoxifen injection are red, newly - forming OLs have a yellow «cell body» containing the nucleus surrounded by a green «bundle of sticks» which are short stretches of myelin wrapped around thread - like axons.

In vertebrates, the axons of many neurons are sheathed in myelin, which is formed by either of two types of glial cells: Schwann cells ensheathing peripheral neurons and oligodendrocytes insulating those of the central nervous system.

Axons, the long projections of neural cells which form the nerves of our peripheral nervous system, are like electrical cables: they have thick electrical insulation so that they can quickly relay stimuli from the body and signals from the brain to a toe, for example.

During development, axons must follow specific paths in the nervous system in order to properly form neural circuits and allow neurons to communicate with one another.

The cells» dendrites form the feathery outer fringe, and the axons gathered in the middle dive into the depths of the cerebellum to send signals within.

Similarly, rat motor axons pierced the human iPSC grafts to form their own synapses.

The alpha - beta neurons must form functional axons for optimum functioning.

After spinal cord injury, axons try to cross the injury site and reconnect with other cells but are stymied by scarring that forms after the injury.

They observed that those reactive astrocytes formed quickly after axons were severed, but that neutralizing TNF - alpha, IL -1-alpha and C1q with antibodies to these three substances prevented A1 formation and RGC death in the animals.

Several forms of leukodystrophies, genetic degenerative disorders that affect the myelin, are associated with vacuolization of myelin sheaths that enwrap axons of central neurons.

The genes in question are all involved in the production of myelin, which forms the fatty insulation around nerve cell axons that enables efficient communication in the central nervous system.

To form axon fascicles, the research teams manufactured a microdevice in which human neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells were injected.

Projection neurons form connections with memory neurons at synaptic junctions that resemble small bulbs strung along the wire - like axons.

In the peripheral nervous system, myelin forms when «membrane tongues» extend from Schwann cells to spirally wrap around an adjacent axon.

The reprogrammed cells formed all seven classes of retinal cells normally found in the eyes, including the retinal ganglion cells, which have axons (optic nerves) that extend to the brain.

We are using these new tools to image the structural features of individual cells, such as the cell body and the axons of the cells, which are long fibers that extend from each neuron, together forming the optic nerve that transmits visual information to the brain.

In patients with spinal cord injuries, these regenerated axons still face an insurmountable obstacle — a field of scar tissue that forms following the injury.

Abstract Brain assembly is hypothesized to begin when pioneer axons extend over non-neuronal cells, forming tracts guiding follower axons.

They help form parts of axons, the long, slender arms that protrude from neurons and transmit information, performing countless essential functions.

In particular, what are the molecular mechanisms underlying the ability of long - range projecting pyramidal neurons and locally - projecting interneurons to form an axon, for these axons to grow and branch and finally find their appropriate synaptic targets?

They form sheaths around axons, the tail - like parts of nerve cells that carry electrical impulses.

These endosomes are responsible for transporting material around cells and for degrading proteins including ones that signal neurons to grow the elaborately branched axons and dendrites that form neural connections.

Neurons, the main communicators, form connections with other neurons via structures called dendrites, which receive the incoming electrical signals used to communicate information within and beyond the brain, and axons that pass along the message to the next cell across synapses, the gaps between cells.

Myelin forms an insulating layer around these axons, the purpose of which is to allow electrical impulses to transmit efficiently and rapidly along the axonal pathways.