Sentences with word «backcrossing»

After 15 years at the foundation, Hebard has finally planted the progeny of the third generation of backcrosses.

Previously in backcrossing, many other genes would also migrate from the orphan plant, reducing yield or taste, to farmers» dismay.

The diverse genetic origin of the domestic dog has likely involved multiple gray wolf populations from breed inception that were even at later times backcrossed with wolves throughout history.

This process — known as backcrossing — helps to remove the influence of any other genetic differences.

It was constructed by backcrossing males from minimal - recombinant strain wm114 (Rec 4 in Figure 3C) into AsymCX for 10 generations to produce a homogeneous genetic background.

The resulting backcrossed plants and information about their genomes, «shows a way forward for improving chickpeas and many other crops too,» says von Wettberg, a professor in UVM's Department of Plant and Soil Science.

A new study published this week in The Auk: Ornithological Advances shows that appearance alone is not enough to identify these hybrid zone birds: there is no single, intermediate «phenotype» or physical appearance common to all of the first - generation hybrids found, and birds from further backcrossed generations were often indistinguishable from the parent species.

Mstn mutant and F66 and FLRG transgenic mice were backcrossed at least 6 times onto a C57 BL / 6 background prior to analysis.

The Dalmatian Backcross Project commenced in 1973 with the original outcross of an AKC registered Champion Pointer sire CH Shandown's Rapid Transit bred to an AKC registered Dalmatian dam Lady Godiva.

This complex crossing was done in the following direction: domestic cats were crossed with the aforementioned hybrid and then backcrossed twice.

These are second - generation backcrossed dogs.

As an example, he mentioned the Greenleaf Tabasco cultivar — it was developed by interspecific hybridization between C. frutescens and C. chinense, followed by repeated backcrossing to C. frutescens.

All animals were fully backcrossed onto a C57Bl / 6 background.

That is, reproduction occurred between male polar bears and female grizzly bears, then the offspring backcrossed into the polar bear population.

In June 2011 ballots were sent to all DCA members asking if they were in favor of registration for descendants of the Pointer - Dalmatian backcross.

These are F1 backcrossed dogs.

A small percentage of each cross does have strong resistance to the blight, and with successive backcrosses, the trees are showing more American traits.

«How many backcrosses do we need?

In the 1980s, the American Chestnut Foundation launched a program in which Chinese - American hybrids were repeatedly backcrossed with American trees.

Some closely related species interbreed where their ranges overlap, producing hybrid offspring that can even backcross with either parent species, until a whole population of mixed - species birds forms in the area and creates what's known as a «hybrid zone.»

Analyzing backcrossed maize - teosinte hybrids with molecular probes, Doebley's group came to a startlingly similar conclusion: The differences between maize and teosinte could be traced to just five genomic regions (5).

Likewise, previously observed increases in fruit fly lifespan associated with overexpression of dSir2, the equivalent to sir - 2.1 in flies, disappeared when Gems and colleagues backcrossed the modified flies with ordinary ones.

A well - known breeding technique called backcrossing has become far more potent recently, as markers have allowed scientists to locate rare offspring that retain only the desired — and now detectable — genes from orphan crops.

With molecular backcrossing, Mackill, Ronald and their many colleagues were then able to breed this overexpressed gene into rice already popular in India, such as the legendary Swarna variety.

This eliminates the need, time, and resources to backcross mutations from one genetic background to another, which is a typical practice when generating mutant mice by traditional methods.

• Speed congenics Traditional backcrossing requires a minimum of 10 generations, up to three years to complete, and uses five times the number of animals.

Of note, Dr. Warden's lab reports that, at least once during backcrossing, a heterozygous female was bred to a C57BL / 6J inbred male (thus the Y chromosome of the congenic strain is of C57BL / 6J origin).

In 2015, Dr. Melissa R. Warden (Cornell University) purchased some Stock No. 010802 animals (total backcross generation N1 onto C57BL / 6J).

Critical assessment of incoming strains — all submissions require detailed information about method of genetic manipulation, genotype and genotyping procedures, genetic background (e.g. source of strain and ES cell used in development, number of background generations and backcross parent strain), and reproducible phenotype.

This permits movement of genes involved in phenotypic differences between the species by backcrossing [13]--[15].

One intriguing bit of work that Dr. Ley described was on the «Mouse APL» project, a knock - in mouse with the PML - RARA gene fusion backcrossed 10 + generations to CBL / BL6 mice.

Stock No. 005252 is an alternative strain, with a virtually identical genetic background except that it is wild - type for Pde6b, the result of continuous backcrossing to (C57BL / 6JEiJ x C3Sn.BLiA - Pde6b + / DnJ) F1 / J.

This element, referred to as the peel - 1 / zeel - 1 element, is polymorphic within the species, and when animals carrying the peel - 1 / zeel - 1 element are crossed to animals lacking it, the peel - 1 / zeel - 1 element acts in the F1 heterozygote via paternal effect to kill F2 or backcross embryos not inheriting it.

which originated from the 1955 breeding of a carpathian wolf and German shepard, and subsequently backcrossed again to wolves on three additional occasions within a 25 year period.

Although there is less vigour in this generation than in the first, the second generation backcross still is close enough in the breeding tree to the original hybrid to still benefit from hybrid vigour.

In 1984 a majority of Dalmatian Club of America members voted that they were opposed to registration of descendants of the Dalmatian - Pointer backcross.

F1b Designer Dog = Backcross puppy — 25 % purebred - A and 75 % purebred - B.

It has been noted that the opinion of many breeders is that as the Biewer breed develops, it should no longer be bred (known as backcrossing) with the Yorkshire Terrier.

In addition, birds from further backcrossed generations were often indistinguishable from the parent species.

Each of these four transgenic lines was backcrossed at least 6 times to C57 BL / 6 mice prior to analysis in order to control for genetic background effects.

Then repeated backcrossing is undertaken to the elite line to fully recover this genetic background.

Male wing size increases by 45 % through cell size and cell number changes when the ws1 allele from N. giraulti is backcrossed into a N. vitripennis genetic background.

Each F2b dog is the offset of an F1 parent and an F1 backcrossed (F1b) parent.

Odds are that some creative individual either introduced the gene and then fixed breed type by backcrossing or here was an «oops» that someone decided to capitalize on.