Sentences with phrase «background galaxies in»

This, Livermore notes, is a primary reason why astronomers are interested in these galaxy clusters — the chance to see the distant background galaxies in so much greater detail than Hubble would be able to produce on its own.

Some of these galaxies may be foreground or background galaxies in the vicinity of the cluster.

To discover the tails, astronomers had to carefully filter out the countless stars and background galaxies in the field of view that did not match the expected colors and brightnesses of globular cluster members.

Not exact matches

Dominique Lambert explained first some of the background to Lemaître's work: In 1927, Mgr Lemaître was the first scientist to explain what we call today the «Hubble law», stating that the speeds of the far galaxies are proportional to their distances, in all directions of the universIn 1927, Mgr Lemaître was the first scientist to explain what we call today the «Hubble law», stating that the speeds of the far galaxies are proportional to their distances, in all directions of the universin all directions of the universe.

How about cosmic microwave background radiation, time dilation in supernovae light curves, the Hubble deep field, the Sunyaev - Zel «dovich effect, the Integrated Sachs - Wolfe effect, the hom.ogeneity of stars and galaxies, etc, etc...

Dark matter also plays a central role in structure formation and galaxy evolution, and has measurable effects on the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background.

Fritz Zwicky used it for the first time to declare the observed phenomena consistent with dark matter observations as the rotational speeds of galaxies and orbital velocities of galaxies in clusters, gravitational lensing of background objects by galaxy clusters such as the Bullet cluster, and the temperature distribution of hot gas in galaxies and clusters of galaxies.

The spiral galaxy M101 takes center stage in this photo from the Dragonfly telescope, but astronomers are also interested in the fainter galaxies lurking in the background.

Finkbeiner speculates the source may be electrons given off by dark matter in our galaxy or extraneous emission that accompanied the release of the microwave background in the primordial universe.

The team managed to combine the data by using background galaxies which did not change position in the 12 years.

Researchers used supernovas, cosmic microwave background radiation and patterns of galaxy clusters to measure the Hubble constant — the rate at which the universe expands — but their results were mismatched, Emily Conover reported in «Debate persists on cosmic expansion» (SN: 8/6/16, p. 10).

The gravitational pull of matter in the cluster bends and twists the light from more distant galaxies, producing a plethora of strange optical effects ranging from distorted arcs to multiple images of the same background object.

Through the Marano hole, a dust - free patch in the southern sky, they discovered 30 galaxies — 10 times more than IRAS surveys had implied and exactly the number required to explain the infrared background.

So when a dim star in our galaxy passes almost directly between Earth and a second star, the gravitational field of the intervening «lens» star bends and magnifies light from the background star, a process called gravitational microlensing.

Scientists already know that MOND can not explain other phenomena that dark matter can, such as the patterns seen in the cosmic microwave background or the clustering of galaxies.

Small primordial ripples in the structure of spacetime, which can be seen in the cosmic microwave background, grew to colossal scale and led to the formation of stars, galaxies, and other structures.

Once in space, the two will go their separate ways: Planck to study in detail the cosmic microwave background, and Herschel to spy on the cool gas and dust clouds that are the nurseries of stars and galaxies.

Scientists indirectly detected this dark matter through its gravitational influence, which bends and distorts the light of galaxies in the background.

Color variations in an image of the cosmic microwave background radiation depict temperature fluctuations caused by seeds of matter that eventually became galaxies.

However, through the phenomenon known as «gravitational lensing,» a massive, foreground cluster of galaxies acts as a natural «zoom lens» in space by magnifying and stretching images of far more distant background galaxies.

The net velocity of 690 kilometres per second relative to the microwave background was towards the constellation Virgo, 80degree away from the direction in which nearby galaxies are moving.

Thus, at a distance of 700 million light - years — not very far on a cosmic scale — it is barely observable through the background glow of stars in our own galaxy.

Acting as a «natural telescope» in space, the gravity of the extremely massive foreground galaxy cluster MACS J2129 - 0741 magnifies, brightens, and distorts the far - distant background galaxy MACS2129 - 1, shown in the top box.

Based on measurements of the expansion using Type Ia supernovae, measurements of temperature fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background, and measurements of the correlation function of galaxies, the universe has a calculated age of 13.7 ± 0.2 billion years.

The faraway galaxies» infrared signal gets lost in the much brighter infrared glow of Earth's atmosphere, says Glazebrook, who helped develop a novel technique to subtract the background and to study the faint galaxies spectroscopically.

By precisely locating the same stars in Andromeda in 2002 and then again in 2010, astronomers at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore have calculated how the galaxy has moved against the background of deep space — confirming that the galaxy's sideways motion is but a fraction of the speed at which it's hurtling toward the Milky Way.

In other words, if you calculate the light produced by individual galaxies, you would find they made less than the background light.

Abell S1063 is not alone in its ability to bend light from background galaxies, nor is it the only one of these huge cosmic lenses to be studied using Hubble.

ALMA picked up on the distorted infra - red light from an unrelated background galaxy, revealing the location of the otherwise invisible dark matter that remained unidentified in their previous study.

The purported swirls in the cosmic microwave background could in fact be a spurious signal from within our galaxy, a rumor suggests.

Pictured in the centre of the image is the strong lens galaxy, whose mass is responsible for the deflection of the background source's light.

Data collected with the Hubble Space Telescope is helping astronomers map dark matter in space along with X-ray pictures of colliding galaxies, measurements of cosmic background radiation, and analysis of the way stars on the ends of galactic arms rotate.

Thanks to the dry, clear atmosphere at the South Pole, SPT is better able to «look» at the cosmic microwave background — the thermal radiation left over from the Big Bang — and map out the location of galaxy clusters, which are hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together gravitationally and among the largest objects in the universe.

The mass distribution in a galaxy acts rather like a lens shaped like the bottom of a wineglass, and produces multiple images of background objects, with images stretched out into arcs and rings.

In the background are the blue and red elongated shapes of many other galaxies, which lie at vast distances from us — but which can all be seen by the sharp eye of Hubble.

Initial fluctuations in the matter density of the early universe led to the formation of galaxies, but these fluctuations must have been small or they would have imprinted themselves on the microwave background.

Free electrons in galaxy clusters distort the radiation, casting «shadows» in the background radiation that astrophysicists have already used to identify previously unknown galaxy clusters.

The puzzle first emerged when Rudnick, who had decided to study a large cold spot in the cosmic microwave background, found some strange data in a radio telescope survey of distant galaxies.

The ATA can observe a wide range of wavelengths, so it can check stars in the foreground for ETI signals while it watches background galaxies for clouds of atomic hydrogen.

Such minute variations in these quantities are required to explain the way in which stars and galaxies clump together and the detailed properties of the cosmic microwave background radiation.

By cross-correlating large - scale surveys of galaxies and observations of how galaxies distort background light in a relativistic process known as weak lensing, Ferreira says, the true nature of mass and the forces acting on it can be tested.

The cluster is so massive that its powerful gravity bends the light from galaxies far behind it, making background objects appear larger and brighter in a phenomenon called gravitational lensing.

Zemcov et al. sent up a rocket to measure the fluctuations in this faint background and found largescale fluctuations greater than known galaxies alone should produce (see the Perspective by Moseley).

«There's about a one - in - 12 chance that what we're seeing in the dwarf galaxies is not even a signal at all, just a fluctuation in the gamma - ray background,» explained Elliott Bloom, a member of the LAT Collaboration at the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, jointly located at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University.

Astronomers studying the motions of galaxies and the character of the cosmic microwave background radiation came to realize in the last century that most of the matter in the universe was not visible.

The sharp Hubble and Keck Observatory images allowed the research teams to separate out the background source star from its neighbors in the very crowded star field in the direction of our galaxy's center.

The thin, glowing streak slicing across this image cuts a lonely figure, with only a few foreground stars and galaxies in the distant background for company.

«It turns out that if we map where these red galaxies are in the sky, we can use them to calibrate the distances of the lenses and background galaxies used in the study.»

«With these results, Fermi has excluded more candidates, has shown that dark matter can contribute to only a small part of the gamma - ray background beyond our galaxy, the Milky Way, and has produced strong limits for dark matter particles in the second - largest galaxy orbiting it,» she added.

The image, which shows gas, dust and stars spread across the sky in a disorderly and irregular jumble, also reveals several other, far more distant galaxies that appear as fuzzy shapes in the background.